Impactos da aplicação de vinhaça sobre as propriedades químicas do solo e de seu efluente
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Data
2007-08-17
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of vinasse on soil
columns effluents besides quantify ionic species in soil layers as affected by vinasse
application, and its downward movement along time. Soil samples were collected at two
different areas: the first one is a sugarcane field cropped during 21 years; the second one,
an untouched savannah area. Soil samples were brought to Greenhouse of Escola de
Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos (EA/UFG) and were built two experiments: 1º)
These samples were inserted into PVC columns with 120 cm height x 25 cm diameter,
inner coated with raffia bags, and cropped with sugarcane. Vinasse treatments were applied
on soil columns at rates equivalent to 0, 300, 600 e 1200 m3 ha-1. Effluents were sampled at
four times (0, 60, 90 and 120 days) after vinasse application, followed by chemical
determination of organic carbon (CO), Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, NH4
+, NO3
-, SO4
2- and,
pH; 2º) These samples were put into PVC columns with 120 cm height x 10 cm diameter,
inner coated with two waterproof ink layers mixed with sand, partially cut into 0-10, 10-
20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80, 80-120 cm layers. Vinasse treatments were applied with no
additional water on soil columns at rates equivalent to 0, 300, 600, 1200 and 2400 m3 ha-1.
At each date 0, 60, 90 and 120 days after the beginning of the experiment
correspondent layers from the soil columns were sampled for soil chemical analyses of P,
NO3
-, NH4
+, Cl-, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO4
2-, CO, pH and CEC. In the first one were
concluded the vinasse increase the effluents pH. When the amount of vinasse was 1200 m3
ha-1 the complexes of Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations and SO4
2- and Cl- anions with organic matter
were formed, enhancing their leaching. Applications of high amounts then 1200 m3 ha-1 of
vinasse may disperse the soil. In the second one was observed the vinasse applications
increase K+, Ca2+ and Na+ and P availability on surface and on downward layers of the soil
profiles. Ions like Na+ and K+ may cause soil physical dispersion, increasing its
susceptibility to erosive processes.
Descrição
Citação
SILVA, Mellissa Ananias Soler da. Impacts of vinasse application on soil and effluent
chemical properties. 2007. 92 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Agrárias) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2007.