“O crime não faz parte da minha natureza…” da criminologia crítica ao Feminismo-Marxista: vozes de mulheres presas na penitenciária feminina Consuelo Nasser

Abstract

Crime and incarceration have always been specific themes of critical criminology, which encompasses various human rights violations resulting from the way in which the criminal justice system has been historically structured. The violent hegemony of state oppression, police repression and the marginalization of the subaltern classes has increased, so that women have increasingly been, in addition to being victims, perpetrators of various crimes, with and without violence, and these are the grounds that justify this work. With an approach focused on the criminal reality of these women in the capital of Goiás and based on a revolutionary Marxian and feminist vision, the research objectives were based on analyzing the voices of women prisoners under the epistemological bias of feminist critical criminology; debating the relationship between criminology, Marxist criticism and feminism and comparing the voices presented by women prisoners with the categories of analysis informed by the research, which are: domestic and family violence, racism, socioeconomic issues, criminal history, drug use, future prospects and the punitive ideal. These categories led to the following problematization: How can historical-dialectical materialism help make critical feminist criminology indivisible and include an intersectional debate based on the voices presented by women prisoners in the Consuelo Nasser Women's Penitentiary? In order to answer this question, in addition to theory, we used a methodological approach based on historical-dialectical materialism, through a review of the literature and the descriptive method, as well as procedures used in field research, such as the case study, observational and statistical methods, with a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the answers to the questionnaires applied through semi-structured questions to a sample of ten incarcerated women, definitively sentenced to a closed regime, aged between 21 and 60. The results showed that the complex situation of women in crime is problematized by the social inequality created and reinforced by capitalism, whose fundamental roots are systemic racism and patriarchy, strong arms that demonstrate the failure of criminal law and the prison system as tools for the continuous violation of women's human rights. The conclusions were that reformist alternatives to the prison system are not enough to achieve the utopian ideal of resocialization, reintegration and social rehabilitation, and that society must be made aware and organized based on revolutionary, political, educational and cultural ideals that are informed by the construction of a critical feminist criminology.