Emoções martiriais em Alandalus: os mártires voluntários de Córdoba (século IX)
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2023-08-14
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Between the years 850 and 859, 50 Christians were executed by the Islamic government of the
Emirate of Córdoba (756/138 H.-912/300 H.). This group of criminals, from an Islamic legal
point of view, was composed of subjects of different functions and social strata: men and
women, secular people, monks and nuns, former public officials of the emirate and their sons
or daughters. They were part of Cordoba society that witnessed the consolidation of Islamic
power and the growing prestige of the Arabic language and culture in Alandalus. His crimes
were of two types: public insults to the figure of the Prophet Muḥammad (istiḫfaf) and apostasy
to the Islamic faith (ridda), both punishable by death. Other Christian supporters of these acts
considered their executed co-religionists as martyrs and saints, and their actions as voluntary
martyrdoms and a justifiable form of protest. Among the defenders of martyrdom were the
priest Eulógio (ca. 800-859) and the secular Paulo Álvaro (died around 861). Both wrote
apologetic works for the martyrdoms, in a polemical tone, condemning both Muslims and
Christians against the martyrs. From the theoretical fields of History and Anthropology of
Emotions, among others, and methodologies such as external and internal criticism of
documents, structural, philosophical and imaginative hermeneutics, the works Memorial de los
Santos (851-856), Epístolas (851), Documento Martirial (851), Apologético de los Mártires
(857) e Pasión de los Santos Mártires Jorge el Monje, Aurelio y Natalia (858) by Eulógio de
Córdoba, and Vida de San Eulogio (860), by Álvaro de Córdoba . In these hagiographies, the
two Christian authors associated positive emotions such as joy and serenity with martyrs and
negative emotions such as anger and hatred with Muslims. Thus, Eulógio and Álvaro
condemned the Muslims and legitimized the Christian martyrs through a speech focused on
emotions.
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DAMASCENO, Thiago P. M. Emoções martiriais em Alandalus: os mártires voluntários de Córdoba (século IX). 2023. 293 f. Tese (Doutorado em História) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2023.