Desempenho de um sistema de alagado construído, plantado com capim vetiver (chrysopogon zizanioides (l.) roberty), na remoção de metais e de p, s e se de resíduos de fossa
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2015-06-17
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The pits and septic tanks wastes have high organic load, pathogens, metals and other
elements, requiring appropriate treatment for not pollute the environment. Among the
alternatives for their treatment, it has recently been proposed to use constructed
wetlands. However, information on such use is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to
evaluate the performance of a constructed wetlands system using the Vetiver grass plant
species (Chrysopogon zizanioides), on removing metals, P, S and Se from cesspools
residues. Two tanks were constructed, dug into the ground (planted tank and control)
and filled with a substrate consisting of gravel # 0, gravel # 1 and medium sand. The
system built has operated under batch, with Hydraulic Retention Time of six days and
subsurface vertical downward flow. Through obtained concentrations of different
inorganic elements on: the applied cesspools residues; the treated effluent; the sludge
accumulated at tanks surface and; the vegetal tissues, they were calculated: the total
loads influent to the system; the output loads; the efficiency in removing attributes; the
load accumulated at tanks surface; the load absorbed by macrophytes and; the loads
retained in the roots and by the substrate. The attributes removal efficiency was
calculated considering the evapotranspiration that showed an average rate of 40.27% in
the Vetiver tank. The applied cesspools residues showed considerable variability in their
concentrations. The concentrations of the treated effluent were subjected to Tukey test
(α = 0.05). The effluents concentrations from Vetiver and control tanks statistically
differed only for antimony, sulfur and iron, but the Vetiver grass showed removal
efficiency greater than 20% to 30 of the 33 analyzed parameters.
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CARDOSO FILHO, D. M. Desempenho de um sistema de alagado construído, plantado com capim vetiver (chrysopogon zizanioides (l.) roberty), na remoção de metais e de p, s e se de resíduos de fossa. 2015. 76 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia do Meio Ambiente) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2015.