Níveis séricos e efeito da suplementação de vitamina D sobre a composição corporal e perfil metabólico de crianças
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2020-12-21
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Introduction: Vitamin D plays a role in several metabolic pathways, including cell diferentiation and proliferation, hormonal control, modulation of inflammation and immune system regulation. Since vitamin D receptors are presented in different tissues and organs, it is related to many diseases, such as obesity, hipertension and dyslipidemia. Objective: To evaluate the serum levels and the effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on body composition and metabolic profile in of children. Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind, crossover study was conducted with 62 children, 4 to 11 years old, from a public educational institution, that met the selection criteria. Sociodemographic, economic and sunscreen use data were collected from a specific questionnaire; the body area daily exposed to the sun was evaluated by a questionnaire with a representative figure of the body percentage; a specific questionnaire was used to evaluate physical activity and sedentary behavior; anthropometry (body mass and height) and body composition (waist circumference, body fat percentage, fat-free mass, triceps and subscapular skinfolds) were obtained using a stadiometer, electronic scale, anthropometric tape, tetrapolar bioimpedance and adipometer; blood pressure was measured using an automatic digital monitor; 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], fasting glucose and lipid profile were analysed from blood collection; and food intake data was evaluated through the 24-hour recall. In the intervention study, the two groups, supplemented and placebo, received 5 drops of cholecalciferol (1000 IU/day) and 5 drops of sunflower oil (placebo), respectively, for 12 weeks, separated by 10-week washout period. Results: Among children with sufficient serum vitamin D (≥ 75 nmol/L), who participated in the baseline study, no difference was found in sex, self-reported race, physical activity, age, anthropometry, body composition, biochemical parameters and blood pressure between children with 25(OH)D 75-99 and ≥ 100 nmol/L, in addition to the non-association of 25(OH)D with body composition and metabolic profile. In the crossover study, conducted with hypertriglyceridemic children, cholecalciferol supplementation reduced serum total cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.001), LDL-c (p < 0.001), non HDL-c (p < 0.001), TC/HDL-c (p = 0.001) and LDL-c/HDL-c (p < 0.001) ratio, when compared to placebo group. Conclusions: Serum vitamin D was not associated with body composition and metabolic profile among children with 25(OH) ≥ 75 nmol/L, and 1000 IU/day of cholecalciferol supplementation, for 90 days, in hypertriglyceridemic children without 25(OH)D serum deficiency, was able to improve lipid profile.
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ALVES, A. G. P. Níveis séricos e efeito da suplementação de vitamina D sobre a composição corporal e perfil metabólico de crianças. 2020. 168 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2020.