A centralidade dos afetos de medo e ódio na composição do discurso fascista

Abstract

This study aims to comprehend the affects that found contemporary society since its capitalist configuration. The logic of capital as the foundation of any possibility of satisfaction leads to models increasingly based on the sense of freedom as the ultimate reason for all fierce efforts in production processes. However, what can be seen in this format of society is just another perspective for the continuity of the discourse of domination, since, despite the illusion of freedom, the biggest beneficiary continues to be the owner of capital. Thus, this research begins with a historical-political and social elucidation on the establishment of capitalism as a dominant system, based on the discourse inscribed in it. In this sense, the comprehending that this discourse is determined as belonging to the fascist discourse, led to comprehending of the constitutive processes that hold fundamental marks based on identity constructions, just as in relationships with others. Psychoanalysis, with its conceptualization of terms such as narcissism and identity, proved to be a fundamental theorical basis in understanding the subject that emerges there, and a consistent way of coping by defending the end of a notion of the individual strictly focused on the interests of the Other. Along this path, it became necessary to delve deeper into the structures and demands of a selection of affections intertwined in fascist discourse as corresponding to both its sustenance and the genesis of identity in this social format. With this point, it arrived at the axis of elucidation of the fear and hatred’s affections as creators of modern society. As reflections of a melancholic dynamic, these affections support a fundamental fantasy of the loss of an imaginary object that sheds light on several movements of discrimination, extermination and dangerousness attributed to others, central mechanisms in fascist discourse.