IPTSP - Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública

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http://200.137.215.59//handle/ri/1053

O IPTSP - Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, da Universidade Federal de Goiás, oferece em nível de graduação, o curso de Biotecnologia.

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1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-(6-methyl-2-nitro- 3-pyridyloxy)propan-1-one
(2005-01-08) Vencato, Ivo; Ferri, Pedro Henrique; Santos, Suzana da Costa; Pereira, Maristela; Lariucci, Carlito; Homar, Leon Ítalo Brasil; Napolitano, Hamilton Barbosa
The title compound, C16H16N2O5, is a -ketoether derivative closely related to natural 8,40-oxyneolignans, which are of interest because of their moderate antifungal activity against systemic mycosis. The nitro group is not coplanar with the aromatic ring, as shown by a torsion angle of 47.2 (4) . The molecules are linked by two non-classical intermolecular CÐ H O hydrogen bonds with distances between donors and acceptors of 3.441 (5) and 3.539 (5) A Ê , leading to the formation of molecular stacking perpendicular to the bc plane.
4D-QSAR: perspectives in drug design
(2010) Andrade, Carolina Horta; Pasqualoto, Kerly Fernanda Mesquita; Ferreira, Elizabeth Igne; Hopfinger, Anton J.
Drug design is a process driven by innovation and technological breakthroughs involving a combination of advanced experimental and computational methods. A broad variety of medicinal chemistry approaches can be used for the identification of hits, generation of leads, as well as to accelerate the optimization of leads into drug candidates. The quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) formalisms are among the most important strategies that can be applied for the successful design new molecules. This review provides a comprehensive review on the evolution and current status of 4D-QSAR, highlighting present challenges and new opportunities in drug design.
A benzimidazole derivative (RCB15) in vitro induces the alternative energetic metabolism and glycolysis in Taenia crassiceps cysticerci
(2017) Picanço, Guaraciara de Andrade; Lima, Nayana Ferreira de; Fraga, Carolina Miguel; Costa, Tatiane Luiza da; Isac, Eliana; Ambrosio Hernandez, Javier R.; Castillo Bocanegra, Rafael; Vinaud, Marina Clare
The emergence of resistance to albendazole has encouraged the search for effective alternatives for cysticercosis and other parasitosis treatment. RCB15 is a benzimidazole derivative that may be used against such diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro effect of RCB15 on the alternative energetic pathways of Taenia crassiceps cysticerci. The cysticerci were in vitro exposed to albendazole sulphoxide (ABZSO) or RCB15 at different concentrations during 24 h. The cysticerci extract and the culture medium were analyzed through spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography as to detect glucose, urea, creatinine and organic acids of the energetic metabolism. The drugs did not influence the protein catabolism. Fatty acids oxidation was enhanced through significantly higher acetate concentrations in the groups treated with RCB15 and ABZSO. Beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were decreased which indicates the use of fatty acids towards acetyl-CoA synthesis. There was a decrease in glucose uptake and pyruvate concentrations. The absence of lactate indicates the use of pyruvate in gluconeogenesis. Therefore it is possible to conclude that RCB15 enhanced the alternative energetic pathways of cysticerci in vitro exposed to different concentration, with emphasis on the fatty acids catabolism.
A benzimidazole derivative (RCB20) in vitro induces an activation of energetic pathways on Taenia crassiceps (ORF strain) cysticerci
(2017) Fraga, Carolina Miguel; Costa, Tatiane Luiza da; Castro, Ana Maria de; Ducoing, Olivia Alicia Reynoso; Ambrosio Hernandez, Javier R.; Hernandez Campos, Alicia; Castillo Bocanegra, Rafael; Vinaud, Marina Clare
Human cysticercosis caused by Taenia crassiceps is unusual; however, it is an useful experimental model for cysticercosis studies. Benzimidazole derivatives are important antihelminthic drugs widely used against helminths. A novel compound 6-chloro-5-(1-naphthyloxy) -2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazole (RCB20) is a benzimidazole derivative less polar and more lipophilic. The aim of this study was to detect the effect of the RCB20 on the in vitro energetic metabolism of T. crassiceps cysticerci. For this, products of the metabolism both produced and secreted/excreted (S/E) by the parasite were detected through spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography after exposure to 6.5 and 13 μM of RCB20 and albendazole sulfoxide (ABZSO). There was a gradual increase in the concentrations of glucose not uptaken by parasites exposed to both concentrations RCB20 and ABZSO. There was a higher concentration of all the organic acids related to the tricarboxilic acid cycle int the parasites exposed to RCB20. The structural differences between RCB20 and ABZSO result in different targets within the parasite and in a greater induction of the energetic pathways, such as the glycolysis and the TCA cycle. RCB20 is a good candidate as a substitute for anthelminthic benzimidazoles due to a differentiated site of action with similar outcome.
A comparative study on active and passive epidemiological surveillance for dengue in five countries of Latin America
(2016) Sarti, Elsa; L'Azou, Maïna; Mercado, Marcela; Kuri Morales, Pablo; Siqueira Júnior, João Bosco; Solis, Erick; Noriega, Fernando; Ochiai, R. Leon
Background: Dengue is a notifiable infectious disease in many countries, but under-reporting of cases to National Epidemiological Surveillance Systems (NESSs) conceals the true extent of the disease burden. The incidence of dengue identified in a cohort study was compared with those reported to NESSs. Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled study was undertaken in Brazil, Colombia, Honduras, Mexico, and Puerto Rico to assess the efficacy of a tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) in children aged 9–16 years. The incidence of dengue in the placebo group was compared with that reported to NESSs in a similar age group (10–19 years) from June 2011 to April 2014. Results: Three thousand six hundred and fifteen suspected dengue cases were identified in the study over 13 527 person-years of observation. The overall incidence of confirmed dengue was 2.9 per 100 person-years (range 1.5 to 4.1 per 100 person-years). In the NESSs combined, over 3.2 million suspected dengue cases were reported during the same period, corresponding to over 1 billion person years of observation. The incidence of confirmed dengue reported by the NESSs in the same locality where the study took place was 0.286 per 100 person-years across Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico (range 0.180 to 0.734 per 100 person-years). The incidence of confirmed dengue was 10.0-fold higher in the study than that reported to NESSs in the same localities (range 3.5- to 19.4-fold higher). Conclusions: There is a substantial under-reporting of dengue in the NESSs. Understanding the level of under-reporting would allow more accurate estimates of the dengue burden in Latin America.
A genome wide association study identifies a lncRna as risk factor for pathological inflammatory responses in leprosy
(2017) Fava, Vinicius Medeiros; Manry, Jeremy; Cobat, Aurélie; Orlova, Marianna; Thuc, Nguyen Van; Moraes, Milton Ozório; Marques, Carolinne de Sales; Stefani, Mariane Martins de Araújo; Latini, Ana Carla Pereira; Belone, Andrea de Faria Fernandes
Leprosy Type-1 Reactions (T1Rs) are pathological inflammatory responses that afflict a sub-group of leprosy patients and result in peripheral nerve damage. Here, we employed a family-based GWAS in 221 families with 229 T1R-affect offspring with stepwise replication to identify risk factors for T1R. We discovered, replicated and validated T1R-specific associ ations with SNPs located in chromosome region 10p21.2. Combined analysis across the three independent samples resulted in strong evidence of association of rs1875147 with T1R (p = 4.5x10-8; OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.32–1.80). The T1R-risk locus was restricted to a lncRNA-encoding genomic interval with rs1875147 being an eQTL for the lncRNA. Since a genetic overlap between leprosy and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been detected, we evaluated if the shared genetic control could be traced to the T1R endophenotype. Employing the results of a recent IBD GWAS meta-analysis we found that 10.6% of IBD SNPs available in our dataset shared a common risk-allele with T1R (p = 2.4x10-4). This finding points to a substantial overlap in the genetic control of clinically diverse inflammatory disorders.
A implantação do Sistema de Vigilância de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis no Brasil, 2003 a 2015: alcances e desafios
(2017) Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Silva, Marta Maria Alves da; Moura, Lenildo de; Morais Neto, Otaliba Libânio de
Objective: To describe the implantation of the Surveillance System for Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) in the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde) and the challenges in maintaining it. Methods: A literature review was carried out the information contained in federal government directives between 2003 and 2015 was consulted. Results: A comprehensive risk and protection factor surveillance system was implemented. It is capable of producing information and providing evidence to monitor changes in the health behavior of the population. Among the advances cited are the organization of epidemiological surveys, such as the Surveillance System for Risk Factors and Protection for NCD (Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para DCNT – Vigitel), the National School Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar – PeNSE), and the National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saude) from 2013, which enabled the most extensive health diagnosis of the Brazilian population. In 2011, the NCD National Plan 2011-2022 established targets for reducing risk factors and NCD mortality. Conclusion: The information gathered from the NCD surveillance system can support the implementation of sectoral and intersectorial strategies, which will result in the implementation of the Brazilian Strategic Action Plan for the prevention and control of NCDs, as well as the monitoring and evaluation of their results periodically. Finally, it can be a very important tool to help Brazil achieve the goals proposed by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Global Plan to Tackling NCDs.
A novel integrated molecular and serological analysis method to predict new cases of leprosy amongst household contacts
(2019) Gama, Rafael Silva; Souza, Márcio Luís Moreira de; Sarno, Euzenir Nunes; Moraes, Milton Ozório; Gonçalves, Aline do Carmo; Stefani, Mariane Martins de Araújo; González Garcia, Raúl Marcel; Fraga, Lucia Alves de Oliveira
Background Early detection of Mycobacterium leprae is a key strategy for disrupting the transmission chain of leprosy and preventing the potential onset of physical disabilities. Clinical diagnosis is essential, but some of the presented symptoms may go unnoticed, even by specialists. In areas of greater endemicity, serological and molecular tests have been performed and ana lyzed separately for the follow-up of household contacts, who are at high risk of developing the disease. The accuracy of these tests is still debated, and it is necessary to make them more reliable, especially for the identification of cases of leprosy between contacts. We pro posed an integrated analysis of molecular and serological methods using artificial intelligence by the random forest (RF) algorithm to better diagnose and predict new cases of leprosy. Methods The study was developed in Governador Valadares, Brazil, a hyperendemic region for lep rosy. A longitudinal study was performed, including new cases diagnosed in 2011 and their respective household contacts, who were followed in 2011, 2012, and 2016. All contacts were diligently evaluated by clinicians from Reference Center for Endemic Diseases (CRE DEN-PES) before being classified as asymptomatic. Samples of slit skin smears (SSS) from the earlobe of the patients and household contacts were collected for quantitative poly merase chain reaction (qPCR) of 16S rRNA, and peripheral blood samples were collected for ELISA assays to detect LID-1 and ND-O-LID. Results The statistical analysis of the tests revealed sensitivity for anti-LID-1 (63.2%), anti-ND-O LID (57.9%), qPCR SSS (36.8%), and smear microscopy (30.2%). However, the use of RF allowed for an expressive increase in sensitivity in the diagnosis of multibacillary leprosy (90.5%) and especially paucibacillary leprosy (70.6%). It is important to report that the speci ficity was 92.5%. Conclusion The proposed model using RF allows for the diagnosis of leprosy with high sensitivity and specificity and the early identification of new cases among household contacts.
A social network approach for the study of leprosy transmission beyond the household
(2022) Kendall, Bernard Carl; Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo; Miranda, José Garcia Vivas; Pinho, Suani Tavares Rubim de; Andrade, Roberto Fernandes Silva; Rodrigues, Laura Cunha; Frota, Cristiane Cunha; Mota, Rosa Maria Salani; Almeida, Rosa Lívia Freitas de; Moreira, Fabio Brito; Bührer, Samira
Background Mycobacterium leprae was the first microorganism directly associated with a disease, however, there are still important gaps in our understanding of transmission. Although household contacts are prioritized, there is evidence of the importance of extrahousehold contacts. The goal of this article is to contribute to our understanding of the transmission of leprosy ex-household. Methods We compare co-location data of 397 leprosy cases and 211 controls drawn from the Centro de Dermatologia Sanitária D. Libânia in Fortaleza, Brazil. We collected lifetime geolocation data related to residence, school attendance and workplace and developed novel methods to establish a critical distance (Rc) for exposure and evaluated the potential for transmission for residence, school and workplace. Results Our methods provide different threshold values of distance for residence, school and workplace. Residence networks demonstrate an Rc of about 500 m. Cases cluster in workplaces as well. Schools do not cluster cases. Conclusions Our novel network approach offers a promising opportunity to explore leprosy transmission. Our networks confirm the importance of coresidence, provide a boundary and suggest a role for transmission in workplaces. Schools, on the other hand, do not demonstrate a clustering of cases. Our findings may have programmatic relevance.
A transcriptome and proteome of the tick Rhipicephalus microplus shaped by the genetic composition of its hosts and developmental stage
(2020) Garcia, Gustavo Rocha; Ribeiro, José Marcos Chaves; Maruyama, Sandra Regina Costa; Gardinassi, Luiz Gustavo Araujo; Nelson, Kristina; Ferreira, Beatriz Rossetti; Andrade, Thales Eduardo Galdino; Santos, Isabel Kinney Ferreira de Miranda
The cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus, is a monoxenous tick that co-evolved with indicine cattle on the Indian subcontinent. It causes massive damage to livestock worldwide. Cattle breeds present heritable, contrasting phenotypes of tick loads, taurine breeds carrying higher loads of the parasite than indicine breeds. Thus, a useful model is available to analyze mechanisms that determine outcomes of parasitism. We sought to gain insights on these mechanisms and used RNA sequencing and Multidimensional Protein Identifcation Technology (MudPIT) to generate a transcriptome from whole larvae and salivary glands from nymphs, males and females feeding on genetically susceptible and resistant bovine hosts and their corresponding proteomes. 931,698 reads were annotated into 11,676 coding sequences (CDS), which were manually curated into 116 diferent protein families. Male ticks presented the most diverse armamentarium of mediators of parasitism. In addition, levels of expression of many genes encoding mediators of parasitism were signifcantly associated with the level and stage of host immunity and/or were temporally restricted to developmental stages of the tick. These insights should assist in developing novel, sustainable technologies for tick control.
A abreugrafia como método de triagem de patologia toráxicas não tuberculosas
(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1975-03) Mello, Javan Valle de
The author presents his experience with roentgenphotography, by which he intends to demmonstrate lhe utility of the method far the screening of several pathologic states, as a practical and cheap procedure that should be employed not only in connection with TB. He illustrates his arguments with statistical data and typical cases. He discusses some problems that may arise, interesting Public Health Services and Welfare.
Absence of NOD2 receptor predisposes to intestinal inflammation by a deregulation in the immune response in hosts that are unable to control gut dysbiosis
(2018) Garcia, Patrícia Reis de Souza; Guimarães, Francielle Rodrigues; Campos, Helioswilton Sales de; Bonfá, Giuliano; Takahashi, Viviani Nardini; Lazo Chica, Javier Emilio; Turato, Walter Miguel; Silva, João Santana; Zamboni, Dario Simões; Cardoso, Cristina Ribeiro de Barros
Mutations in NOD2 predisposes to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Therefore, we evaluated the role of this innate receptor in the modulation of immunity in face of host microbiota changes. NOD2−/− mice presented higher susceptibility to experimental colitis than WT, with increased CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes in the spleen. NOD2 deficiency also led to reduced Th17-related cytokines in the colon, with overall augmented IFN-γ in the gut and spleen. Nonetheless, there was increased frequency of CD4+IL-4+ cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes besides elevated CTLA-4 and FoxP3 regulatory markers in the spleen of NOD2-/- mice, although it did not result in more efficient control of gut inflammation. Indeed, these animals also had augmented IL-1β and IL-5 in the peritoneum, indicating that this receptor may be important to control bacteria translocation too. Microbiota exchanging between cohoused WT and NOD2−/− mice led to colitis worsening in the absence of the receptor, while antibiotic therapy in WT mice abrogated this effect. Then, not only the genetic mutation confers increased susceptibility to inflammation, but it is also influenced by the microbiota harbored by the host. Finally, NOD2-/- mice are more prone to intestinal inflammation due to deregulated immune response and increased susceptibility to colitogenic bacteria.
Absenteísmo-doença no serviço público municipal de Goiânia
(2015-03) Leão, Ana Lúcia de Melo; Branco, Anadergh Barbosa de Abreu; Rassi Neto, Elias; Ribeiro, Cristina Aparecida Neves; Turchi, Marília Dalva
Background: Sickness absence, as work absenteeism justified by medical certificate, is an important health status indicator of the employees and, overall, sociodemographic and occupational characteristics are among the main factors associated with sickness absence. Public administration accounts for 21.8% of the formal job positions in Brazil. This population allows the study of a wide range of professional categories. Objective: To assess the profile and indicators of sickness absence among public workers from the municipality of Goiania, in the State of Goiás, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study on certified sick leaves, lasting longer than three days, of all civil servants from January 2005 to December 2010. Prevalence rates were calculated using as main criteria the number of individuals, episodes and sick days. Results: 40,578 certified sick leaves were granted for health treatment among 13,408 public workers, in an annual average population of 17,270 people, which resulted in 944,722 days of absenteeism. The cumulative prevalence of sick leave for the period was of 143.7%, with annual average of 39.2% and duration of 23 days per episode. The cumulative prevalence of sickness absence was higher among women (52.0%), older than 40 years old (55.9%), with a partner (49.9%), low schooling (54.4%), education professionals (54.7%), > 10 years of service (61.9%), and with multiple work contracts (53.7%). Diagnoses groups (ICD-10) with higher cumulative prevalence of sick leaves were those with mental disorders (26.5%), musculoskeletal diseases (25.1%), and injuries (23.6%). Conclusions: Indicators of sickness absence express the magnitude of this phenomenon in the public sector and can assist in planning health actions for the worker, prioritizing the most vulnerable occupational groups.
Ação anti-inflamatória do amitraz pela inibição da produção de interferon gama e da atividade mitocondrial de linfócitos T.
(2006) Di Filippo, Paula Alessandra; Sousa, Raimundo Vicente de; Vieira, Leda Quercia; Santana, Gilcinéa de Cássia; Abrahamsohn, Ises de Almeida; Oliviera, Milton Adriano Pelli de
El amitraz es un pesticida formamidínico y una de las drogas escogidas en el tratamiento de la sarna demodésica canina. Alteraciones inflamatorias se encuentran asociadas con la presencia, en número elevado, del ácaro Demodex canis en la piel. Las justificativas para la indicación del amitraz se basan apenas en su acción acaricida. Aunque algunos autores han sugerido una posible acción analgésica y antiinflamatoria, poco se ha hecho para entender los mecanismos que proporcionan tal efecto. Para verificar esta supuesta acción, células esplénicas de ratones C3H/He, fueron cultivadas y estimuladas con 5 μg/ml de Concanavalina A (Con A) o 10 μg/ml de lipopolisacáridos (LPS) de Escherichia coli 0111:B4, en presencia de 0; 0.78; 1.56; 3.13; 6.25 y 12.50 μg/ml de amitraz diluido en arol, o una cantidad equivalente de diluyente. La viabilidad de las células fue significativamente reducida cuando cultivadas por 48 horas en cantidades iguales o superiores a 3,13 μg/ml de amitraz. La actividad mitocondrial de los esplenocitos, medida por medio de la reducción del MTT, no se alteró cuando estos fueron tratados con amitraz en concentraciones iguales a 1,56 μg/ml. Por lo tanto, esta actividad fue significativamente reducida cuando los esplenocitos fueron estimulados con Con A y posteriormente tratados con amitraz. La proliferación de los linfocitos T estimulada por Con A no se alteró cuando se utilizó el amitraz en una concentración (1,56 μg/ml) capaz de inhibir el metabolismo de estas células. La proliferación de los linfocitos B tampoco mostró ser alterada cuando los esplenocitos fueron tratados con LPS. La producción de IFN-γ fue inhibida por el amitraz en concentraciones iguales o superiores a 1,56 μg/ml. Los resultados presentados muestran que uno de los posibles mecanismos de la acción antiinflamatoria del amitraz se debe a su capacidad de inhibir el metabolismo y la producción de IFN-γ por los linfocitos T, pero sin afectar su proliferación.
Ação da deltametrina na dosagem de 0,8g/Há sobre o Aedes aegypti (Lin., 1762), na formulação de ultra-baixo-volume
(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1997-03) Fernandes, Fernando de Freitas; Silva, Ionizete Garcia da; Camargo, Marlene de Fátima; Elias, Carmeci Natalina
aegypti to the action of deltamethrin, (1% concentration), applied in ultra-low volume, in different schedules in the dose of 0.8 g/Ha were performed. A LECO equipment attached to the back of a truck was utilized to apply the deltamethrin. Fifteen biological assays were carried out, with 24 cages, each containing 230 mosquitoes, placed at the house and at peridomiciliary environment. The mosquitoes were exposed in the "testareas" for about one hour. Another 36-hour períod of observation followed the transference of the mosquitoes from their exposition cages to the rest cages. For each assay, 200 mosquitoes were used as controls, and placed as far as 2 km from the test área. The dose of 0.8 g/Ha proved to be effícient on the killing of the Aedes aegypti. Females fed on blood were more resistant to deltamethrin than fasting ones. Males fed on sugar water were more resistant than the fasting ones, and these were more susceptible than females. The statement that only fed females should be used for pesticide susceptibility testing was confirmed, só these data may be used as guidelines for obtaining biological assays. The Aedes aegypti was killed more efficiently with deltamethrin between 12 p.m. and 6 p.m. There was a 0.9% mortality in the control group. The bioassays were carried out with a mean temperature of 27,5 ± 0,4°C, and 66,1 ± 2,5% relatíve air humidíty.
Açao da sulfametoxazol associada ao trimetoprim na terapêutica da blastomicose Sul-Americana
(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1973-09) Barbosa, William; Vasconcelos, Wanderley Montenegro de Pitaluga
An association of Sulformethoxíne and Trimethoprim was employed in the treatment of 34 patients wíth various clinicai forms of South American blastomycosis. The patients were kept under control for a period of 60 days. Excellent results were obtained with cicatrization of the lesions wíthin 35 days after the onset of treatment. No untoward effects from this therapy were observed.
Ação de agentes químicos e físicos sobre o vos de lagochilascaris minor. (Leiper,1909)
(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1995-09) Oliveira, Jayrson Araújo de; Vieira, Miguel Alípio; Silva, Andréa Caetano da; Barbosa, Carlos Augusto Lopes; Veloso, Aline Pinheiro
Various chemical agents (ethilic alcohol, formaldehyde, lugol in different concentrations) have had their effícacy tested against Lagochilascaris minor eggs. The eggs were also submitted to physical agents (freezing -10° C, heating 80/97° C). The lethality Índex was calculated through the embriogenesis rate. The following conditions tested yield a 100% lethality index: 90° C heating, 99% ethilic alcohol and lugol (100%, 50%, 25%, 6,25%, 3,125%).
Ação do extrato hexânico de frutos maduros de Melia Azedarach (Meliaceae) sobre Boophilus Microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) em bezerros infestados artificialmente
(2005-07-15) Borges, Ligia Miranda Ferreira; Ferri, Pedro Henrique; Silva, Wellington Côrrea; Silva, Waydson Jerônimo; Melo, Lorena Socorro; Souza, Lorena Alessandra Dias; Soares, Sara Fernandes; Faria, Karina Alves; Gomes, Natali Almeida; Mori, Anderson; Silva, Nivia Faria
A eficácia de um extrato hexânico dos frutos de Melia azedarach foi avaliada em bezerros infestados artificialmente com Boophilus microplus. Os frutos foram submetidos ao processo de secagem e, depois de moídos, o extrato foi produzido em Soxhlet utilizando-se o hexano como extrator. Oito bezerros infestados artificialmente, cinco vezes a cada cinco dias com 2.500 larvas de B. microplus, foram divididos em dois grupos (tratado e controle) com base na infestação por carrapatos. No dia zero os animais foram banhados com 3 litros de uma solução a 0,25% do extrato em água e acetona (1,2 litro). Os animais do grupo controle foram banhados com o mesmo volume de água e acetona. Diariamente, as fêmeas ingurgitadas desprendidas naturalmente eram contadas e 40 eram incubadas para acompanhamento dos parâmetros reprodutivos. O número médio de fêmeas, o índice de conversão em ovos (peso da massa de ovos / peso do grupo de fêmeas x 100) e o percentual de eclosão, obtidos nos dois grupos, foram comparados mediante o teste T de Student. Após 21 dias de contagens, o número médio de fêmeas ingurgitadas foi significativamente menor (P < 0,05) no grupo tratado (188) do que no controle (247). Porém, a conversão e a eclodibilidade das larvas não foram afetadas pelo tratamento. Estes resultados indicam que houve interferência da planta no desenvolvimento do carrapato sobre os animais, mas não na sua reprodução. Comparados com a literatura, os resultados se revelaram promissores. No entanto, novos estudos nos quais se empregue uma formulação adequada em uma concentração mais elevada são necessários para se propor o uso desta planta no controle deste carrapato. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Ação larvicida de extrato bruto etanólico de magonia pubescens st.hil. (tingui-do-cerrado), sobre o Aedes aegypti (Lin.) em laboratório
(Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, 1996-06) Silva, Ionizete Garcia da; Santos, Adelair Helena dos; Ferri, Pedro Henrique; Alves, Rosa de Belém das Neves; Melo, Raquel Linhares; Peixoto, Luciano; Silva, Heloísa Helena Garcia da; Elias, Carmeci Natalina; Isac, Eliana; Lira, Kênia da Silva; Camargo, Marlene de Fátima
Biological tests were performed with crude ethanol extract of Magonia pubescens St. Hil., (tingui-do-cerrado) (Sapindaceae) to check Aedes aegypti's action larvicid. The extracts were obtained from each part of the plant: wood's skin, seed's cover and seed, after to have been collected, the material was desiccate in air stove at 40°C, crushed, percolate in ethanol for 10 days, fíltrate in qualitative filter paper, concentrate in rotative evaporator and desiccate in vacuum pistol. After obtainment of crude ethanol extract of each part of the plant, it was dissolved in water with differents concentrations and tested with 4° instar of A.aegypti's larval to determinate DL5Q. This was of 35, 55 and 150 mg of crude ethanol extract/100 ml of water distilled, respectively, for seed, seed's cover and wood's skin. Each experiment was accomplished with 20 flask with capacity 30 ml with one larva in each flask and observed for 24 hours. The larvas were created in biological chamber at 28 ± 1°C , 80 ± 5% of relative humidity and photophase of 12 h. The biological tests were performed in another similar chamber. Among the experiments realized, the crude ethanol extract of the seed and seed's cover showed more effícient larvicids than of wood's skin and fruit's capsule.
Accuracy in clinical examinations for the diagnosis of vulvovaginitis by Candida ssp. and In vitro susceptibility to the main antifungals
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-09-29) Santos, Andressa Santana; Zara, Ana Laura de Sene Amâncio; Ataídes, Fábio Silvestre; Gomes, Elisangela Christhianne Barbosa da Silva; Freitas, Vivianny Aparecida Queiroz; Costa, Carolina Rodrigues; Silva, Thaísa Cristina; Silva, Maria do Rosário Rodrigues
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infection. This work aims to determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of the clinical diagnosis of VVC and to characterize Candida species isolated from the vaginal mucosa. This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2016 to February 2017 at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Outpatient Clinic of the Hospital das Clínicas, in Goiânia, Goiás State, Brazil. The study included samples of vaginal secretion from 55 women who complained of vaginal discharge and itching as their main symptoms. The PPV of the clinical diagnosis of VVC was estimated in comparison to the laboratory culture method. The phenotypic methods and molecular tests were performed to identify Candida spp. In vitro susceptibility of Candida spp. isolates to fluconazole, itraconazole, clotrimazole, nystatin, and amphotericin B was determined using the broth microdilution assay. Yeast growth using the enzymes protease, phospholipase, and hemolysin was carried out in media containing respectively bovine albumin, egg yolk, and sheep erythrocytes. A PPV of 61.8% (34/55) was determined. Among the 55 vulvovaginal samples collected, we identified 36 isolates in which C. albicans was the most common species. High resistance to fluconazole and low minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for clotrimazole, nystatin and amphotericin B were observed. All isolates were proteinase and hemolysin producers, while seven strains were phospholipase negative. The clinical diagnosis of VVC presented a moderate PPV, which meant that cultures had to be conducted in the laboratory to confirm infection. The high resistance to fluconazole and itraconazole indicated the importance of the in vitro susceptibility test.

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