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Item Conflito territorial e ambiental no quilombo mesquita/cidade ocidental: racismo ambiental na fronteira DF e Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-26) Aguiar, Vinicius Gomes de; Ratts, Alecsandro José Prudêncio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0348844638764982; Ribeiro, Celene Cunha Monteiro; Cherem, Luís Felipe Soares; Meireles, Antônio Jeovah de Andrade; Herbetta, Alexandre FerrazLa communauté Mesquita, située dans la municipalité de Cidade Ocidental (GO) et le Distrito Federal (DF) a réçu de l’Incra – Institute National de la Colonisation et la Réforme Agraire – le Rapport Téchnique de l’Identification et Délimitation (RTID) des ses terres en 2011 en occupant 4.160 hectare avec 785 familles et 1299 individus (BRAGA e MARTINS, 2011). La municipalité de Cidade Ocidental est, aux divers aspects socioeconomiques, impliquée à la dynamique de Brasilia et inserée à la Région Integré de Dévéloppement (RIDE) du Distrito Federal et les municipes limitrophes. Avec cette dynamique régionale, deux noyaux urbains ont été dévéloppés : l’aire urbaine ‘central’ située aux environ de la route BR-040 ; et l’autre noyau urbain au extrême nord de la municipalité et le DF, lié par la route GO-521, appelé Jardim ABC. Entre les deux noyaux urbains est inseré le territoire du quilombo Mesquita. Un produit agricole traditionel du Mesquita est le coing, parce que depuis le siècle XVIII cette communauté utilise traditionelement ce fruit pour la production de la marmelade de coings, comercialisé dans la région. Les années dernières on a eu la promotion des cours et l’assistance téchnique agricole pour le dévéloppement de la production des fruits, des légumes et aussi aucunes petites productions des grains aux lots ocuppés par les familles quilombolas. Même si on est un quilombo, au territoire proposé pour le Mesquita on a des entreprises de l’agriculture et élévage pas quilombolas et des lotissements urbains. Outre cela, le territoire Mesquita, les années dernières, a réçu investissement du capital immobiliaire qu’on a instalé des copropriétés horizontales et l’autres entreprises en marge du territoire. Ainsi, c’est possible observer que le territoire a souffré avec les procès du conflit environnemental territorial e spatial qu’on a induit l’arrivée des projets de l’infrastructure, le déplacement des cimitières où des ancestrales des quilombolas ont été inhumés, au-délà de la dégradation des poteaux établis par la Fundação Cultural Palmares – FCP – de l’identification du territoire quilombola. Avec le panorama de la spéculation immobiliaire, cette recherce croie dans l’hypothèse que le quilombo Mesquita est inseré dans un conflit environnemental territorial et spatial. On a établi, par consequence, que la communauté quilombola souffri avec le racisme environnemental, caracterisé quand quelque action ou projet, autant publique que privé, affect différemment ou lése des individus, des groupes ou des communautés de couleur ou de race, indépendant de l’intention (BULLARD, 2002a, 2002b e 2004). Cette recherche a l’objectif de comprendre comment la dynamique urbaine de Cidade Ocidental (GO) et de Brasília influence dans la formation des conflits environnementales territoriales et spatiales entre les quilombolas et les pas-quilombolas dans la municipalité.Item “Kalunga” identidades territoriais de um gênero de vida em transição nas terras do nordeste goiano(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-03-14) Amorim, Wilma Melhorim; Alencar, Maria Amélia de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7665566532275199; Calaça, Manoel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1893714192029341; Calaça, Manoel; Almeida, Maria Geralda de; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Santos, Roberto de Souza; Santos, Roosevelt JoséThe thesis analyzes the time-space of the Kalunga‟s manner of life. The Kalungas live in the Cerrado regions of the valleys of Serra Geral, in the northeast of the state of Goias. This research sought to understand what makes them a traditional community and which, from the regions that they live, can be denominated sertão. In addition, it sought to analyzes their inclusion in the category of remaining Quilombolas communities based on self-recognition. This identification is part of an identity reframing, which got stronger since the 1988 Brazilian Constitution. It also approaches the issue of land tenure, which is an element of conflict and dispute because of land usurpations and invasions and due to the difficulty of compliance with the legal procedures that guarantee, to the remaining Quilombolas communities, collective rights over the territory that they inhabit. This territory is now recognized as 'Sítio Histórico e Patrimônio Cultural Kalunga'. The thesis, through the concept of manner of life analysis, seeks to reinterpret life in traditional communities presently. Therefore, we resorted to the methodological tradition of ethnographic research. The method of apprehension is the phenomenological, which has gained strength in humanistic geography, through the use of cultural geography approaches. Fieldwork took a prominent position to the understanding of culture, identity and territory. It was concluded that the main issues that have complicated the Kalungas' lives over the years have not yet been resolved. This fact demonstrates the need to broaden the debate and, at the same time, to discuss the obstacles for the recognition of the remaining Quilombolas communities' rights. It is necessary to seek, in particular, the warranty of ownership and use of the lands traditionally occupied by them, embracing their ethnic and cultural elements, considered fundamental for the maintenance of their traditions and manner of life. The context points to the need for mobilization by the actors connected with the Quilombolas' movement, emphasizing that it is necessary to organize and to reclaim.Item Gestão territorial e conflitos socioambientais no Parques Estadual dos Pirineus (GO)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-10-19) Andrade, Edna de Araújo; Oliveira , Ivanilton José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4172719252263913; Oliveira , Ivanilton José de; Carvalho, Gisélia Lima; Silva, Gladis de Fátima Nunes da; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Ferreira, Manuel EduardoThis thesis had the objective to understand and configure the territorial management of the Pirineus State Park, in Goiás. It was based on the understanding that the analysis of the territory, including the process of appropriation of space, through the power relations, combined, among others, to the political, economic and social aspects, contain solid bases of explanatory character of the reality, in the scope of the management of protected areas. The methodological procedures included bibliographic research, and public documents; field work, and semi-structured interviews with expropriated landowners, residents of the surrounding area, state and municipal managers and technicians. The study integrates, essentially, investigations related to the used territory, which allowed to identify the interfaces that make up the societal processes, and the socioenvironmental conflicts. The territorial management of conservation units was conceived as a complex process that involves the context of a territory, with history, conflicts of interest, articulations and negotiations that go beyond the perspective of institutional management of legally established limits. In this conception, the study resulted in the systematized identification of the conflicts in the historical context and pointed out the relational feature that involves the process of occupation of the sorrounding area and the management of the protected area. The analyses indicated that the implementation of the park did not influence the territorial dynamics, and the management problems, such as the lack of a management plan, the precariousness of the physical structure and the lack of advisory council are representative elements for the emblematic framework that involves the use of the territory and the socioenvironmental conflicts. The territory of the park used for the Festa do Morro (Festival of the Hill), for pasture, for public use and other uses, denotes the multiplicity of territories, and shows that there were agreements and social interfaces that were strengthened and consolidated. Thus, the uses of the territory and the socioenvironmental conflicts lead to the interpretation that the various agents and actors participate, interfere and influence in the governmental management. In this broad and multidimensional perspective, the territorial management of the conservation unit was delineated.Item A sociedade, o estado e a ciência na apropriação e na diferenciação socioespacial do Cerrado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-18) Anjos, Antônio Fernandes dos; Miziara, Fausto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3275079358565458; Ferreira Júnior, Laerte Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8647270006257055; Ferreira Júnior, Laerte Guimarães; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Ramos Neto, Mário Barroso; Marco Júnior, Paulo DeThe appropriation of the cerrado, more than the country's coast, depended on the coordination between the actions of society and the state. This appropriation differed in space and time and depended largely on the development of knowledge about this space. In this research we sought to understand how the Cerrado has been transformed by society and by the State, and the role of knowledge in the use of space, especially for agriculture and cattle ranching activities. For this, we turn to literature review about each of the treated elements - society, state and knowledge. Although the emphasis is on the historical period of the modernization of agriculture in the cerrado, we also seek to identify the historical processes before the military governments, which, we believe, explain the reality that was built in the cerrado in recent decades. For the demonstration of the spatial transformations that agriculture and cattle ranching impressed in the cerrado, we resorted to mapping the historical series of changes in land use and land cover, obtained from 16 Landsat scenes distributed over the cerrado, mapped every two years between 1975 and 2010. We considered that we have advanced on the knowledge of how the appropriation of the Cerrado occurred, especially in the way they articulated the interests of the actors involved in territorial agro-industrial complex, which often depended on organized state action and the increase of knowledge facing the capitalist reproduction.Item A escala geográfica e o pensamento geográfico: experiências com jovens escolares do ensino médio(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-05-20) Aragão, Wellington Alves; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8827112569170294; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Castilho, Denis; Richter, Denis; Souza, Lorena Francisco de; Portela, Mugiany Oliveira BritoThis research is part of the set of reflections on the Geographic Scale and the formation / development of a geographical thinking by young high school students. The concept of Geographic Scale is little worked on in primary education, so students are unable to develop geographic thinking based on geographical concepts. The Geographic Scale contributes to the reading of physical and social spatial phenomena, corroborating a more geographical understanding of them. This research was conducted with junior high school students from two state schools in Paraíba, one in the capital, João Pessoa and another in Cajazeiras, in the countryside. The purpose of this investigation is to make the most effective use of the Cartographic and Geographic Scales in the elementary school, as they are complementary and dialogic. This research is based on qualitative precepts, with a participative approach, adopting as methodological instruments of collection: observations, focus groups and structured interviews. The data generated and analyzed highlighted that young students developed reasoning to answer the proposed questions about geographic scales, thus enabling the development of geographic thoughts focused on a multiescalar and dialectic reading between the local and the global, the most immediate and the most distant, crossing all geographical scales and understanding their unleashed social relations. The objectives of understanding the theoretical-conceptual and methodological distinction between the concepts of Cartographic Scale and Geographic Scale; to analyze how the concept of Geographic Scale is disposed in some official high school documents and its relation with themes, concepts and contents that can contribute to the development of a geographical thought; understanding 'if' and 'how' the spatial distribution of industries in João Pessoa and Cajazeiras contributes to the development of geographic thinking mediated by the Geographic Scale; and to understand how the concept of Geographic Scale and industry content worked in the elementary school can cooperate with the development of geographical thinking in young high school students, were fully achieved. The hypothesis raised here that the concept of Geographic Scale is underused in the teaching of geography, thus hindering the development of geographical thinking by young high school students, has been confirmed. In this same context, the thesis that the concept of Geographic Scale, when worked in the classroom in association with the contents related to the industry and its activities, contributing to the development of a geographical thinking, was also fully confirmed.Item A dinâmica produtiva e espacial da indústria goiana(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-31) Arriel, Marcos Fernando; Deus, João Batista de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9234464036124624; Deus, João Batista de; Castro, Sérgio Duarte de; Castilho, Denis; Freitas, Cesar Augustus Labre Lemos de; Campos, Flávia RezendeThe few research elaborated about the industry of Goiás usually relate it to the national industry. The vision of an industry complementary to that space can hide its own dynamics and importance in the Goiás state productive structure. The thesis defended in the present research is that the industry of Goiás cannot be observed only from the point of view of the Brazilian industry, it has the own trajectory and, therefore, needs to be understood and to divided in periods. In this way, this work had as objective the construction of the periodization of the industry of Goiás. From the events that influenced the sector, through the statistical data and historical documents, four distinct periods were identified. The first one, from 1912 to 1935, shows the born of Goiás industry and its location along the Goiás Railroad (EFG), especially in the municipalities of Catalão and Ipameri. The second, from 1935 to 1960, is highlighted by the arrival of the EFG in Anápolis, the change of the capital of the state of Goiás to Goiânia, the implantation of the National Agricultural Colony of Goiás (Cang) and the process of construction of Brasília. The productive profile and the location of the industry change significantly, because of the demands caused by the urbanization of the state. There is spatial concentration in the municipalities of Anápolis and Goiânia, with leadership of the first. The third period of the Goiás industry, from 1960 to 1985, is characterized by governmental support to the sector, by the modernization of agriculture and cattle raising, which initiates the process of productive integration and by the expansion of urbanization. The industry increased its participation in the state productive structure, diversified its productive profile and concentrated space in Goiânia, which is to lead, and Anápolis. The fourth and final period, 1985 to the present day, is highlighted by the unfolding of the process of integration of agriculture and industry with the establishment of fiscal and financial incentives in a coordinated way. The industry intensifies its participation in the income generation of the state, diversifies and integrates to the local base (agriculture and mining) and is inserted in the national productive structure. Spatially, there is a new configuration, with the leadership of Anápolis and Goiânia as well as emerging new industrial poles such as Rio Verde, Catalão, Itumbiara and JataíItem Estratégia espacial no mercado mundial de carne: a internacionalização do setor frigorífico brasileiro(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-03-29) Aurélio Neto, Onofre Pereira; Arrais, Tadeu Pereira Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7443664433085838; Arrais, Tadeu Pereira Alencar; Castilho, Denis; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Oliveira, Floriano José Godinho de; Arriel, Marcos FernandoThis study is an analysis of Brazil's participation in the global meat market (beef, pork and chicken) and the emergence of Brazilian multinationals in the meatpacking sector, considering each stage of the internationalization process: national distribution, export, commercial offices, foreign production/distribution units and network organization. In this context, the study covers the JBS, Marfrig, Minerva and BRF case studies, and their trajectory from single location servicing national distribution to the multilocational expansion of these companies on a global scale. The study was based on bibliographic and documental research, with survey and treatment of secondary data, being the quantitative research allied with the case study and fieldwork in operational units (subsidiaries) in Brazil and abroad. In order to understand Brazil's competitiveness in relation to the production and export of meat as a commodity, it considers the logistics of exporting this product, identifying the means of transportation, ports and destination markets. Despite the bottlenecks within exportation logistics and the trade barriers faced by Brazilian products, it was found that Brazil is competitive in the international meat trade, with further potential to increase its participation in the global marketplace. To realize this potential, the country needs to reduce the operational obstacles inherent to internal logistics, through the creation of new export corridors and the deconcentration of ports. Despite being a so-called "global market," it has been found that this is a competitive environment, permeated by trade barriers that restrict access to commodities in some of the world's major markets. Some Brazilian companies in the meatpacking sector have opted to move forward in the internationalization process through direct foreign investment, acquiring operating units outside of Brazil, characterizing them as multinationals. As such, in the cases studied, the acquisitions and construction of overseas production units have been shown to form part of these companies' spatial strategy, to overcome trade barriers and increase operational revenue and their share in the world market. In turn, this network organization of Brazilian meat multinationals enables head offices to control their subsidiaries and favors the expansion of their operating markets, through establishing commercial contracts on a global scale. In this way, JBS, Marfrig, Minerva and BRF challenged the traditional order of the global economy and were able to compete directly with foreign companies in their own markets. In addition, these companies facilitated the integration between spaces which were otherwise considered disconnected, through their production and commercialization circuits.Item Nas franjas do imperialismo a inserção do sudeste goiano na economia mundo: desenvolvimento e subordinação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-11-25) Avelar, Gilmar Alves de; Deus, João Batista de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9234464036124624; Deus, João Batista de; Moreira, Ruy; Souza Neto, Manoel Fernandes de; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues deThis research approaches capitalist development in the Southeast region of Goiás State. It`s know that this region underwent deep transformations since 1970`s. The first wave came with phosphate and niobium mining industry. After this, there were three more capitalist waves, agriculture modernization in the 1980`s, neoliberal policies in the 1990`s together with automaker industry and a new dam construction. All these processes aggravated the contraditions and increased class struggle in Catalão city.Here the main focus is Goiandira city. For this reason, several factors which contributed to the formation of this space are taken into consideration. Goiandira is a small town with five thousands inhabitants, located 14 km far from Catalão. Over the time its relation with Catalão has become more intensified and conflicts with the city are surfacing more and more.The production of space in Goiandira started with a railroad construction in 1911. From that moment on land workers found jobs in the town. The railroad construction created the possibility to build a new village. In this context, not only the church appeared with its rigid views controlling the life of the people, but also the idea of socialism and the fight against exploitation came as well.This town emancipated from Catalão in 1931. During a long time due to its workers the railroad left a lasting feature in the town. Despite being small Goiandira was a railroad connection/hub place and had a important amount of commodities circulation.In 1978, the railsroads tracks and train station were removed from downtown area, afterwards passengers transportation came to an end in the 1980`s and later train services were privatized resulting in workers lay off. This process brought important changes to the town landscape. Today, Goiandira is an enormous laboratory providing workforce to capitalism in Catalão with hundreds of people on the road night and day. Policy makers in Goiandira are getting ready to take advantage of the closeness with Catalão and also little by little segregation is growing in Goiandira. Thus, this study argues that Goiandira has taken part in the capitalist economy, but always being subjected.Item A segurança em territórios turísticos: o caso do município de Inhambane em Moçambique(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-07-21) Azevedo, Helsio Amiro Motany de Albuquerque; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9540141505352914; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Bueno, Miriam Aparecida; Azevedo, Francisco Fransualdo de; Balsan, RosaneThe safety, security and tourism are concepts that must keep engaged in the process of tourism planning and management to value the landscape of tourist territory. Security, as part of the tourist offer, should not be ignored in the process of development of territories, because they may lose the image quality and the benefits from the sector, which can install the chaos and unprecedented way to valorize or devaluate the landscape. This study aimed to show the importance of safety for the development of tourism at Inhambane municipality (IM) in Mozambique. In a time that tourist demands are more exigent and qualified and the competition bigger between the tourist destinations, the activities of planning the territory through studies of touristic offer, are crucial, to public and private managers. Through bibliographic and documental review, the use of questionnaires and interviews, observation and a workshop, sought information’s that supported the theoretical construction of tourist safety and also elucidate the real situations of tourist destinations that experienced by weakness in its security systems. Mozambique and the IM are not far from this reality, because the study demonstrated that there are problems in the tourism planning and management, in general, and specifically in the tourism safety. It is understood that the IM and Mozambique are destinations that can see their efforts doomed to failure if in short and medium time, the managers of tourism, not incorporate, into their planning and management, specific actions that contribute to improving the quality of tourist offer. Political and military conflicts and the exposure of the territory to extreme events in the territories, as the cyclones, for example, associated with the lack of resources and weak preparedness of private and public managers are the main risks that could "undermine" the tourism development specifically and local development in general. The situations described support the thesis that the stakeholders in the tourism sector, in Inhambane municipality, ignore the tourist safety as a key element for providing positive social and spatial dynamics, situation that will lead the tourism sector to failure.Item O agronegócio: a territorialização e a expansão das fronteiras do capital no Amapá(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-06-24) Bacelar, Manoel Osvanil Bezerra; Calaça, Manoel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1893714192029341; Calaça, Manoel; Lomba , Roni Mayer; Silva , Edson Batista da; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Oliveira , Ivanilton José deThis thesis has a territorialization and an expansion of capital in the Amapaense field. The research aimed to understand the territorial dimensions and the territorialization resultant conflicts results, focusing on the production of grains and eucalyptus for the export of cavities and monopolization of the territories, as well as the production of soybeans in the state of Amapá. The main objective was the understanding of the process of territorialization of the capital, through agribusiness activities, in the state. The Federal Government, in formulating public policies that determined the guidelines for the economic development of the Amazonian states, created the conditions for the transformations that resulted in the control of private land ownership and production. It was also observed that the struggle for land and the control and exploitation of natural resources acquires class character, of dispute for large and small enterprises, where land and territory constitute dialectical unity. In order to analyze the process of territorial territorialization of the countryside in Amapá, a review of the literature, documentary research in public orgains, interviews with state agents and fieldwork were conducted, including interviews with agents of the capital and peasants. The new and old elements that move the agrarian question in Amapá in the contemporaneity are challenges to be faced, both in the theoretical / conceptual field, and in the understanding of the actions of the subjects involved in this process. It is understood that the solution to such questions involves adopting a set of structuring measures, programs and policies in the field and for the field. The issue of land grabbing is the order of the day, as it is one of the strategies of landowners to increase their holdings. In addition, there is inertia of the public agencies responsible for land regularization in the state, such as INCRA, IMAP, Terra Legal Program, whose attributions are in disagreement and delay the processes of issuing bonds and resolving land conflicts in the state. The expansion of agribusiness has aggravated these conflicts, both among capitalist hegemonic actors and between these and the various segments of the peasantry, such as quilombolas, riparians and squatters. Meanwhile, violence expands in an uneven dispute betwueen rural companies and farmers, who count on the State’s omission.Item A construção do conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo sobre cidade na formação inicial do professor de Geografia em Santarém-Pa(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-08-06) Barbosa, Maria Betanha Cardoso; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8827112569170294; Cavalcanti , Lana De Sousa; Richter, Denis; Morais, Eliana Marta Barbosa de; Bento, Izabella Peracini; Vallerius, Daniel MallmanThe initial training of teachers and the construction of teaching knowledge relates to the theoretical, pedagogical and geographical components formulated by professors in the Geography course. It is important to emphasize the elaboration of the teacher thought in the organization of the teaching process and, as main theme, the concept of city and how this concept is built in the discipline Urban Geography as well as how the teacher synthetizes of this knowledge in the Supervising Teaching Internship. Such knowledge is understood as pedagogical knowledge of contents and pedagogical reasoning according to the Lee Schulman’s approach (2005). The investigated Geography course is located in the city of Santarém-Pará and is offered by Federal University of Western Pará (Ufopa). The city as school content revealed the relation of place as geographical concept about Santarém and how teachers in training develop the pedagogical reasoning, how they understand the city from Geography and how with the city they align the pedagogical concepts. In this research the overall goal was to understand the possibilities of articulating the teaching knowledge in the Ufopa Geography course through the conception of city, having as reference the urban reality of Santarém. The research was qualitative with analytical-descriptive guidance and using the following instruments: documental research, bibliographical research, participant observation, discussion group, narrative and field journal. As subjects, it has fourteen teachers in training of the Geography course from this institution and the data was analyzed extracting the geographical knowledge about city, urban and Santarém, expressed in the Internship classes, besides the procedures and the specific and pedagogical knowledge presented. Regarding the conception of city and urban, there is a synonymous relation because the teachers in training do not define a boundary between city and urban, however the city of Santarém was seen as articulated with place, highlighting various specific issues of the city’s urban. Finally, the research made it possible to verify that the pedagogical knowledge of the content should be seen as a proposal for teaching training, included as a premise in the course’s pedagogical projects, since in isolated disciplines, it does not allow the teacher in training to develop the CPC. Thus, the city must be understood together with the concept of place in the discipline of Urban Geography to make a geographical study about this concept. Therefore, in order to CPC to take place in the initial training it is proposed its insertion as a teacher training proposal. It was proved that when the initial training course in Geography provokes the formation of diverse knowledge as scientific and pedagogical, the teacher in training enhances this knowledge.Item Entre estatais e transnacionais, "quantos ais": efeitos espaciais dos megaprojetos de mineração do carvão em Moatize, Moçambique(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-04-23) Bata, Eduardo Jaime; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1038300875963340; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Peixinho, Dimas Moraes; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Silva, Vicente de Paulo daIn Moatize, extraction of coal is an ancient activity, dating back to the early 19th century. Its development occurred concomitant consolidation of Moatize, primarily focus on coal mining in Mozambique. In fact, the coal basin of Moatize is the subject of research and mineral exploration, since the period of effective occupation. With independence and the process of building the State, mostly from the early 1990, the mining goes on to be one of the key sectors for the development of the country; Hence, all the conditions have been created for its growth. The new phase of coal extraction process that accompanied the changes underway in the world, especially since the 1970, have repercussions on the social structure, since the insertion of the capital involved arrangements of all kinds. In Moatize, the implementation of megaprojects demanded the space refunctionalization to meet the demands of the productive capital, a process that culminated with the compulsory displacement of the population. In this context, the research sought to understand the spatial effects of megaprojects of coal extraction in Moatize, from its contradictions, regarding the forms of spatial organization, in order to meet its needs. The proposition of this thesis is that there is a new geopolitical strategy that seeks to shift production, concentrated in Europe to New Territories, rich in natural resources, with tax incentives, weak labor and environmental legislation on the rights humans. This process strengthens the productive restructuring of capital and is characterized by the performance of large transnational corporations. Internally, this process relies on the actions of the State, creating the (legal, institutional and ideological) conditions to check rationality and visibility to megaprojects. So, considering the space as a system of systems and dialectical and historical materialism, as a method of research and interpretation of the phenomena; the qualitative research, secondary data collection, as well as field research, enabled the understanding of current arrangements in Moatize, as well as its effects on the spatial structure. With the implementation of megaprojects in Moatize, in addition to the pressure on State institutions to organize themselves, on the basis of these, there were also environmental degradation and, especially, the social disorganization – as a result of compulsory displacement and destruction of livelihoods. Thereby, the curtailment of collective goods, the difficulties of regular access to food in the resettlement, particularly, in Mwaladzi, the lack of land for production, lack of work, as well as the increased morbidity and mortality, are aspects that lead to the impoverishment of the resettled and exacerbate socio-environmental conflicts. In the meantime, the integration of megaprojects generated insignificant advantages for the local communities; However, this integration created and/or strengthened a small bourgeoisie connected to national political power – the capital partners.Item Influência das variáveis ambientais na qualidade das águas do reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica da Ferreira Gomes - Amapá(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-06-29) Belém, Fabiano Luís; Cabral, João Batista Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1914332507525986; Cabral, João Batista Pereira; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Rocha, Hudson Moraes; Bueno, Guilherme Taitson; Braga, Celso CarvalhoThe analytical approach to water quality is necessary not only for environmental studies but also for economic studies, since the development of the state of Amapá and the municipality of Ferreira Gomes, the region selected for this study, depends directly on this natural resource. However, it is noted that in the central region of the state, the problem of water quality increases due to the large amount of organic matter concentration in areas that are flooded and flooded during the construction of reservoirs, which causes vast amounts of concentration of carbon in the environment generate processes of water degradation. In addition, this problem is aggravated by the change in water quality in the reservoirs of the Araguari River, located downstream of the Ferreira Gomes Energia reservoir dam. Thus, the motivation of this work stems from this situation, which requires a continuous monitoring of the biota, so that there is no great damage to the environment and, consequently, to the quality of the water. Therefore, for the study of the direct contribution basin present in the reservoir, it is necessary to survey the various physical factors that may influence the water quality in the reservoir of the Ferreira Gomes HPP. From this, it was necessary to present the model of environmental vulnerability that presents the areas that are most likely if there are erosive processes. This work, therefore, had the objective of studying and analyzing the variables that influence the water quality of the aforementioned reservoir. To do so, the following methodology was adopted: (1) the delimitation of the study area and the mapping of this field work area to obtain a survey of its physical factors; (2) the construction of models of the entire catchment basin; and (3) the collection of water at various points in the reservoir, both for physical and chemical analysis in the laboratory, and for the analysis of the spectral behavior of each point, by means of the portable spectroradiometer. Thus, it was identified that 35% of the ombrophilous forest area was flooded with the reservoir construction. In addition, environmental vulnerability studies have shown that 15% of the direct contribution basin area is more likely to have erosive processes. Finally, in relation to water quality, the physico-chemical parameters classify the water body as class 1 according to CONAMA resolution 357 of 2005, due to the large amount of organic matter concentration in the water and the decomposition of the biomass that was flooded with the construction of the reservoir; the water has a dark coloration and contains a low concentration of suspended sediments, which presents a low correlation of the reflectance with the evaluated optically active components.Item Abastecimento de água em espaços urbanos: políticas públicas e gestão na região metropolitana de Goiânia (1988-2018)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-06-07) Beltrão, Gabriela Nogueira Ferreira da Silva; Sales, Maurício Martines; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2033708685029423; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1038300875963340; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; Silva, Elaine Barbosa da; Carneiro, Vandervilson Alves; Nucada, Miraci KuramotoWater is used as a fundamental factor in public health and economic and social development. In metropolitan regions, managing this resource is vital to ensure its multiple uses and satisfactory availability, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Within the context of Brazil’s Metropolis Statute, which establishes general guidelines for the planning, management, and execution of public functions of common interest (including basic sanitation and water supply services), this research study aims to analyze the management of water resources in the Metropolitan Region of Goiânia (RMG), observing the level of integration among the municipalities that comprise it as a way of ensuring water availability in the region. Methodological procedures consisted of documentary and bibliographic analysis from an exploratory and descriptive perspective, combining several techniques, approaches, and data sources, e.g. geotechnologies for data spatialization, collection of official data from city halls, advertisements, journalistic information, news reports, and photo surveys. The analytical scale includes the metropolis, the municipality, and hydrographic basins, and the time frame ranges from the 1988 Federal Constitution to the present. Results show that urban policy instruments have a direct impact on water management. The RMG is made up of heterogeneous territories as far as social, economic, and environmental issues are concerned, all of which ultimately generate different demands. The State Plan for Water Resources (PERH), the Meia Ponte River Basin Committee, and the permanent protection area (APP) of the João Leite River are important efforts that strive to protect local water resources. However, such efforts are fragmented, thus hampering the RMG’s integrated and collective management. The studies here presented indicate little integration among RMG municipalities in river basin committees, absence of training and communication between committees and municipalities, water shortages associated with water use conflicts, degradation of APPs, increasing deforestation (which affects mostly the APPs), and few conservation units. With regard to town plans, despite being mandatory, most are outdated. Their strategies favor community engagement towards aiming for democratic management, as has been occurring in Brazil as a whole since the 1980s. Even though environmental zoning and the protection of springs are mentioned, albeit in a cursory way, not all municipalities state which springs require special protection as a result of being strategic resources for municipal development. Integrated management of water resources in the RMG, as a way to operate water systems to unify and balance stakeholders’ relevant viewpoints and goals, is as yet absent from these documents. Therefore, universal water supply and the promotion of water security require improvement of interdepartmental governance, which entails the integration of political aspects, the development of RMG guidelines (PDI-RMG), and the creation of a metropolitan information network that enables constant critical analysis and monitoring of actions by the various agents working in the metropolitan space.Item A mediação didática na construção do conhecimento geográfico: uma análise do processo de ensino e aprendizagem de jovens do ensino médio e da potencialidade do lugar(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-09-09) Bento, Izabella Peracini; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; Richter, Denis; Silva, Eunice Isaias da; Callai, Helena CopettiThe present paper generates a reflection on the didactic mediation in the construction of geographical knowledge, and analyses, specifically, the teaching and learning process of youngsters in high school and the potentiality of the place. Some goals reached in this research dialogue with the different processes that are in the base of teaching and learning Geography and with some academic researches developed in Brazil, that peer into the reasons which awaken students's interest in learning Geography. It is intended, in that way, to understand how the educator's work exercises an important differential in what concerns an effective and productive teaching, and which presents consistent results in the field of geographical knowledge. It is pressing to look at the geographical culture of youngsters especially when it is invested on the place, as didactic mediation. The place, besides constituting an empiric reference in different areas, is, mostly, an element of geographical reasoning and, because of that, contributes to a didactic mediation desirable to the process of teaching and learning in Geography. With that, it is emphasized the importance of mediation in the construction of geographical cognition, which principles hold their weight in the history and culture of youngsters in school. The geographical concept of “place”, based on a juvenile perspective, is not always considered an element capable of potentiating an approximation between the reality experienced by the students and the more systematized knowledge in the teaching of Geography. For the achievement of this research, the case study constitutes an effective methodological procedure to this investigation, which sediments its reflection in the attendance of classes of two high school teachers in the public school system. The work of these educators, aiming the construction of knowledge in Geography, allowed observations to be made regarding different situations which translate the experiences of the investigated subjects, students and teachers, with a reality, among so many, of the teaching of Geography. The case study was done through a participant observation that, while methodological instrument of intervenient feature, allowed for direct observations of classes to be made, followed by didactic interventions in the observed classes. Semi structured interviews were also conducted with the educators and questionnaires were answered by the students, so that diagnosis profiles of the researched classes could be outlined. Authors such as Callai (1999, 2011a, 2011b, 2000, 2003a, 2003b, 2012), Cavalcanti (1998, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2011a, 2012b), Libâneo (2000, 2006, 2009a, 2009b, 2011, 2012), Vigotski (2000, 2007, 2010) and other scholars are references that, indispensably, sustain the necessary theoretical foundation to what was proposed to be studied here. Based on some results observed in the course of this investigation, some contributions to the teaching of Geography are highlighted, while greater objective which translates the entire study developed here. In other words, and prognosticating some conclusive evidences, seven principles that guide didactic mediation toward the development of spatial thinking are presented, which are: 1) Reaffirmation of the place as mediating “agent”, which potentiates the construction of knowledge from a multiscale dimension; 2) Adequate articulation of “themes” of the place with the systematized content of Geography; 3) Formation of concepts and of geographical reasoning as a goal of the process of teaching and learning in Geography; 4) Utilization of a differentiated methodology and of other mediating agents beyond the figure of the teacher; 5)Organization of the methodological and theoretical course of Geography classes while intentional activity of the teacher; 6) Problematization as methodological course; 7) Regarding youngsters in school as part of the process of construction of knowledge.Item Cenários, olhares, tramas e cotidiano [manuscrito]: a educação ambiental à luz de distintas representações e territorialidades na Ilha do Bananal e entorno - TO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-03-09) BISPO, Marcileia Oliveira; OLIVEIRA, Sandra de Fátima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2128228551113027The environmental education is an educational practical developed in the formal education of environmental dimension in the daily social. We observe nowadays the multiplicity of resources what goes get to constitute, a new way to produce knowledge a new way to think about the reality. Therefore, the present study emphasize the representations, built for determined groups and that can contribute for a practice of a environmental education in the public schools. The place chosen for development of resource was Bananal Island and outskirts TO, specially in the city hall Pium, Cristalândia, Confusion Lake and Formoso do Araguaia. The main objective of the study was to analize as the guys which live in the Bananal Island and outskirts TO relate with this place and construct territorialities, aiming to understand the representations constructe by colaboraters of investigation about Bananal Island and that forms this knowledge can contribute for the practice he environmental education in the public schools of outskirts of Island. Some objectives was established taking as reference the observation of reality to understand the relations of communities of outskirts of Bananal Island and the livers and managers of PARNA do Araguaia, from yours representations about own Bananal Island, such as: to identify the territorialities constructed by the subjects what live in the Bananal Island and outskirts; to identify the conflicts from the different types or uses and the territorialities of subjects of resource; to investigate in the public schools of cities resource development the Environmental Education determining as its happen and if the practice of EE related with the conflicts of resource region, and finally to suggest strategies de EE for teachers with base in the knowledge of territorialities and the conflicts in the Bananal Island and outskirts TO. By the bibliography resource, documental analyses, observations and the field resource and utilizing the interview and the personal opinion, we develop a resource of a quality nature. From the answers of the subjects of resource teachers, farmers withdrawers, Indians and managers of National Park of Araguaia, showed the territorialities and the territories formation, identifiers, what identify relation territory has in the place the sense of belonging of guys that live and conceive his, and still this feeling of belonging express several forms. We observe still that conflicts of use of territory of Bananal Island for this subject as well one diversity of representations this territory, staying obvious what from like this perceive and represent of Bananal Island, orient to look each one, each one inside of his specificities, and when the representations are assimilated express the relation of guy with the world and same time place the guy in this world. Finally, the information introduced a vision as well the practice at environmental education in the area resource. Was possible give some suggests of intervention, because all proliferating of actions in the schools had as of environmental education we perceive that same continues in character sensitive and innocent that only the change of behavior is enough to resolve the environmental problems.Item A geografia nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: entre a realidade e as possibilidades(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-19) Bomfim, Márcia Virgínia Pinto; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8827112569170294; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Souza, Ivanilton Camilo de; Moraes, Loçandra Borges de; Bueno, Mirian Aparecida; Borba, Odiones FátimaThis research is about the teaching of Geography and integrates the Teaching and Learning Research Line in the Graduate Program in Social and Environmental Geography Studies from the Institute of Geography at the Federal University of Goiás and the Laboratory of Studies and Research in Geographical Education - LEPEG. Geography was considered and investigated as an important field of knowledge to be acquired by the child from his first formative experiences in childhood, especially from the educational processes of the early years of elementary school. The main objective was to understand and analyze the reality and the possibilities of school geography in the early years of elementary school. Those who participated in this survey were teachers in the early years of elementary school who currently teach students in the 2nd and 3rd years of a selected public school selected in the Municipal Network of the city of Barreiras, Bahia. The construction of this object of study began with, above all, the formative experiences of educators teaching Geography in a public institution of higher education in Bahia, seeking to understand, in all the training processes, how to teach and how Geography is taught in the early years of elementary school. For the production of knowledge, research was guided in a qualitative-descriptive method (LUDK; ANDRÉ, 1986; MINAYO, 2002; André, 2005), using the following data collection instruments: literature review, document analysis, open question questionnaires, thematic workshops, observation and narrative. To investigate and explain that geographical and didactic knowledge in geography should be worked in the course of study for the early years of elementary school the following were adopted as a category method: praxis, by observing relations, contradictions and form of organization following key concepts, such as geographical knowledge; the course of pedagogy and teacher training; primary education in the early years in the Municipal Network of schools in Barreiras, Bahia. It is understood that, in school, Geography, the relevant conceptual benchmark for the development of spatial reasoning depends on the theoretical and methodological principles of understanding of space. And these should be developed when selecting the content, linking them to the analytical categories of geography: space, landscape, location, territory, region, network, society and nature, it is possible to transform the geographic content in thinking tools of students for the development of spatial reasoning, Callai (1996, 2000, 2011), Cavalcanti (1998, 2008, 2005, 2012), Castellar (1999, 2009, 2010) and Libâneo (2009, 2010). Research has shown that school teaching content of Geography should be conducted in the early years of elementary school through approach that relates to society and nature in the construction and organization of space. It was possible to see that thematic blocks and Geography contents are defined in the school curriculum, covering topics related to the study of the local landscape, the experienced and perceived space, referring to the student‟s everyday experience. This study found that working with Geography in the early years of primary education points to a specific link between the school, the reality lived and the community, which gives important significance to this school subject for an education and for citizenship. The teaching of Geography is required by the SME in Barriers, with allocation of hours to this subject, and it is a confirmed reality at the school studied.Item Habitação e metrópole: transformações recentes da dinâmica urbana de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-06-26) Borges, Elcileni de Melo; Moysés, Aristides; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5338712409166113; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1038300875963340; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Arrais, Tadeu Alencar; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; Shimbo, Lúcia Zanin; Costa, Eduarda Pires Valente Marques daIn the context of contemporary financial globalization, changes in the real estate circuit and the end of the restructuring of the PNH (from 2004), promoting the expansion of credit, subsidies and large sum of funds from state resources contributed to the private sector (pre-crisis period), which led to the adoption of new business strategies, typically neoliberal urban development products and territorial expansion towards the peripheries (especially from the public programs Crédito Solidário, PAC and MCMV), the present research aims to understand and unveil the set of transformations recent developments in the production and consumption of urban space in the RM of Goiânia, in the midst of the local metropolitan process and the growing demographic/housing demand. In the case of Goiás, the dynamization of the housing service also adds to the actions of the state public housing policy, through Housing Check/Agehab (granting of tax credits) and partnerships through "Check Complement" (whether in the construction of new units or in the improvement/expansion of units produced by the Federal Government). To do so, i analyze the distribution of housing in the territory, filtering information by social segmentation, location and market trends tendencies; based on a methodology that combines several techniques and approaches, including: graphic design, photographic survey, satellite image, mapping with of geotechnologies and case study (20 HIS projects in 07 municipalities of RMG). The verified results showed displacement of the "social market housing" to perimetropolitan areas, advancing on the bordering municipalities; intensification of the production of the economic segment, on the edges of the city (especially since the MCMV/PNHU), consolidates the peripheralization of verticalization (with strong performance of the MRV, Tenda, PDG, Rossi, Living, Viver); which added to the fashions of the planned neighborhoods launches in the vicinity of urban parks (a specificity of Goiânia), the high standard verticalization, both residential and business (life style, mixed use and corporate slabs) and the imposing CHFs ("rich suburbs"), consolidate new ways of living, a new pattern of urbanization (expanded morphology) and residential segregation - a "new urban geography", bringing profound changes in the "physical and social landscape" of the young metropolis of the Cerrado.Item Fazenda-roça goiana: matriz espacial do território e do sertanejo goiano(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-29) Borges, Júlio César Pereira; Calaça, Manoel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1893714192029341; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9540141505352914; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; Almeida, Maria Geralda de; Lira, Elizeu Ribeiro; Thomaz Júnior, AntônioThe decline of mining in Goias in the second half of the eighteenth century, directs you to a new spatial organization, which we call Farm-farm Goias. This led Goias for about two centuries, the late eighteenth century to the mid-twentieth century, when it was crossed by the modernization of the countryside. This organization represents the interaction of internal and external factors which, dialectically, particularized and integrated the Farm- farm Goias into the Brazilian and global spatial condition of the time. Condition that led us to consider that this is a singularity, because there was no other like it in Brazil, even within the totality under the capitalist command. In this sense, defined by the ratio of internal and external mediated elements, adapted and conflicted, the Farm-farm Goias characterized by an intrinsic reality to molds of rurality in which Goias was based and the hinterland existence. This reality is presented as-guiding of this research, which mediated by Geography, we imbued to interpret it as the founding basis of the backcountry world of Goias. Therefore, we did a research based in reading of integrating political, economic, social and cultural elements that constituted the territorial matrix of Goias and Goias backcountry. This approach is presupposed in mind that the geographic space synthesizes structural, qualitative, political and symbolic elements that reveal the spatial organization of the Farm-farm Goias. We understand as well, that this structure is the spatial organization that supported the territorial basis of Goias and conditioned the structuring of Goias hinterland society, evidenced in economic relations, power relations and cultural representations, which shaped the Goias reality of the hinterland. Faced with this situation, we understand that the backcountry is the result of spatial organization of the Farm-farm Goias. Therefore, from the moment that the organization loses its predominance ceases to exist as space hegemonic ordering of Goias, the mode of existence of the backcountry is considerably altered, leading him to rehabilitation in a new spatial organization. We affirm then that the modernization phenomenon of the field resulted in Goias at the end of forming the basis of Goias backcountry in its originality. However, he goes on about new existential conditions.Item Pensamentos dispersos, hegemonias concentradoras: discursos jornalísticos e movimentos de territorialização no cerrado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-02-14) Borges, Rosana Maria Ribeiro; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9540141505352914; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Ferraz, Cláudio Benito Oliveira; Santos, Rosselvelt José; Deus, João Batista de; Maia, Juarez Ferraz deThis Thesis aims to analyze the relationship of journalistic discourses with the movements of territorialization in the Cerrado. One of the main assumptions is the understanding that ownership and capture of the territories includes their meanings. Then, in the contemporary world, the territorialization relates also to what is reported by the vehicles of journalism and communication, which select, edit and broadcast news. These institutions are not loose in the world: are part of the networks that make up part of the dispute, and most of them follows the logic of power and capital. In the condition of a territory in a dispute material and symbolic, the Cerrado is wrapped by problematic that transposing the degeneration of the biome and ways of life when interconnect up to what it is meaning. This fact implies on the perception that the processes of territorialization in Cerrado permeate there senses, thare are made and disseminated through discourses and images nothing neutral, that integrate many networks, such as economic, ideological, political, power, media, journalism and communication. This fact implies on the perception that the processes of territorialization in Cerrado permeates the meaning, that are made and disseminated through discourses and images nothing neutral, that integrate many networks, such as economic, ideological, political, power, media, journalism and communication. By appropriating and signify the Cerrado, communication vehicles interfere in its territorialization. The main problem of the Thesis relate to the contemporary dramas of the territory of the Cerrado, involving multiple dimensions of power that range from badges historically built on unknown and contempt, also the recent mythologised processes which strengthen the production of a stray thought, based on hegemonies concentrators. The research had the newspaper O Popular as the main clipping, but also analyzed the discourses about the Cerrado present in the magazine A Informação Goyana (1917 – 1935) and the newspaper O Estado de São Paulo, among other periodicals printed less recurring the whole of analysis. The dialectical and historical materialism was used as a guide for analyzing and processing of the information. The research, which was qualitative approach, used the following research methods: bibliographical research, desk research, content analysis and discourse analysis. The plurality of methods has been established from the object itself and its problematization; since it was intended to identify the journalistic discourses about the Cerrado, and especially to see how the discourses were meant and what relations with the movements of territorialization established. The findings point to a new dimension of globalized Cerrado – wrapped in disputes, intrigues and dramas; immersed in networks of communication and journalism possessed of rationalities and systems of signs which, when spread, generates stray thought: at the same time that promote a compliment to the economism and developmentalism, denounce the degradation. This contradiction, which is treated even by journalistic vehicles, confuses the meanings of the Cerrado and has no contributions to the synthesis necessary for the formation of less aggressive movements of appropriation and capture the territory of the Cerrado.