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Item A questão social e as transferências de renda: o programa bolsa família nos municípios goianos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-11-12) Alencar, Diego Pinheiro; Arrais, Tadeu Pereira Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7443664433085838; Arrais, Tadeu Pereira Alencar; Castilho, Dênis; Lima, Leandro Oliveira de; Arriel, Marcos Fernando; Salgado, Tathiana RodriguesThe Bolsa Familia Programme (Programa Bolsa Familia - PBF) is currently the social assistance tool with the largest territorial capillarity in Brazil. The social impact of the program reflects different analytical dimensions, such as the fight against poverty and extreme poverty, income inequality by gender, conditioning to basic services (health and education), among other elements that refers to the social issue. In the economic sphere, it can be observed that the relevance occurs mainly in municipalities with a small demographic pattern and low productive dynamism, commonly dependent on intergovernmental transfers and public administration. The mapping of information regarding social vulnerability points to regional disparities in the Brazilian territory, both at the national and state levels. In Brazil, when comparing the amount of benefits issued and/or population in situations of poverty and extreme poverty, with the estimated population of the municipalities or the values passed on with economic indicators (GDP of Brazil, budget revenues, among others), the cases of the Semiarid Northeast and North of Minas Gerais stand out. In the territory of Goiás, when considering the criteria mentioned above, the Microregions of Vão do Paranã, Chapada dos Veadeiros and Porangatu stand out, which directed the selection of municipalities for sampling the field research, in which the impact that the PBF develops in the retail trade and services sectors were measured. In general, the establishments had a municipal operating radius. Regarding the profile of the clientele, the proportional participation of families living in rural areas in the acquisition of products and services available in the urban perimeter was observed, with women being the main responsible for the acquisitions. In the forms of payment, there are relations that refer to peasant society, such as, for example, the presence of "booklets" in a significant part of the establishments. On the other hand, the presence of computerised payments (credit or debit cards) is rare. The relevance of PBF resources has been constantly denoted in the narratives of local merchants, with, in some cases, "more than 50%" of interference in the collection of the establishment. The research found that the PBF in Brazil is not restricted to the field of social assistance, being characterized as an instrument to stimulate the municipal economy in locations that are not attractive to private and public capital investments. In Goiás territory, in the aforementioned MRs, the relevance of the program as an element of dynamization of the retail trade and services sectors is noticeable.Item A prática espacial cotidiana na cidade e a prática pedagógica no ensino de Geografia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-11) Christan, Patrícia; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1374656969635983; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Oliveira, Karla Annyelly Teixeira de; Romancini, Sônia ReginaThe aim of this research is to analyse the daily spatial practices of Geography teachers and its relationship with the pedagogical practice in Basic Education. More specifically: to understand the everyday spatial practices as an important dimension of geographical teaching knowledge; to describe the perception of Geography teachers about their daily spatial practices in the city of Cuiabá; to characterise the pedagogical practice of teachers in the teaching of Geography, emphasizing the approach to the city of Cuiabá; to analyse the interface between the daily spatial practices and the pedagogical practice in Geography teaching. The methodological path is based on qualitative research, in which the participant modality was chosen. To this end, in addition to bibliographic research, data collection was performed through instruments of pedagogical practice observation; observation of pedagogical practice when teaching about the city of Cuiabá, narratives of daily spatial practices, collectice interview and didactic sequence. For data analysis, content analysis and discourse analysis were uses as reference. In daily spatial practices, concerns the displacement of the individuals to the realization of human life, based on the space-time articulation, establishing relationships with the dwelling in the city, with the world of work and with the activities of private life. It was found that daily spatial practices constitute the practical/empirical dimension of teaching geographic knowledge insofar as perception and representation are dialectical pairs in the transformation of practical/empirical knowledge into geographic/scientific knowledge. Thus, the weightings of this research show an effort to expand the understanding of wisdom derived from the practice formulated by Shulman (2014). It is also noteworthy that daily spatial practices are important references for didactic referrals in pedagogical practice in the teaching of Geography.Item A influência da estrutura urbana e dos fatores geoambientais no clima urbano de Ituiutaba-MG(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-05) Foli, Ana Cristina Araújo; Luiz, Gislaine Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310433384519387; Luiz, Gislaine Cristina; Nascimento, Tarley Ferreira; Costa, Rildo AparecidoLa investigación presentada aquí fue desarrollada en la ciudad de Ituiutaba-MG con el objetivo de analizar la influencia de los factores geoambientales (relieve, altitud, orientación de la pendiente y vegetación, uso de la tierra y ocupación) y estructurales urbanos (impermebealización, patrón de construcción, espacios libres/construidos, flujo de vehículos) en las variaciones climáticas de la ciudad, para identificar la formación de islas de calor urbanas, considerando el año 2019. A partir de la teoría propuesta por Monteiro (1976) y la metodologia desarrollada por Mendonça (1994), se adoptó el método de transectos móviles, que consiste en la demarcación de puntos repartidos por el sitio urbano para el levantamiento in situ de datos de temperatura y humedad relativa. Por lo tanto, se definieron 10 puntos de recolección en la dirección sur-norte y 7 puntos en la dirección este-oeste, además de elegir 4 puntos fijos fuera de la ruta de transectos móviles para ayudar en la triangulación de datos en la red urbana. El trabajo de campo se llevó a cabo en los meses de enero y julio de 2019 para recopilar datos in situ, además de realizar encuestas de datos secundários (temperatura, humedad relativa, presión atmosférica, precipitación, velocidad y dirección del viento) registrados por la Estación Automática ubicada en Ituiutaba, desde el sitio web del Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia – INMET. Del sitio web de la Marinha do Brasil, se obtuvieron los cuadros sinópticos utilizados para el análisis de los tipos de clima que operan en diferentes momentos durante el desarrollo de esta investigación, junto con datos meteorológicos. También se utlizaron imágenes de satélite, específicamente del GOES-16, canal 13, banda térmica IV refiriéndose a la temperatura de la parte superior de las nubes, y al canal 08, refiriéndose al vapor de agua a niveles altos, disponible em el sitio web del INMET. Después de agregar esta información, se crearon gráficos de análisis rítmica utilizando el software libre Gnuplot, que apoyó la interpretación de la dinámica atmosférica activa em los períodos analizados. Como método comparativo, el uso del software ArcGis® permitió la elaboración de cartogramas de valores asignados al campo termohigrométrico, para verificar la espacialización de los datos mediante interpolación y representación espacial. La espacialización de los datos se elaboró em base al método espacial llamado Krigagem. Esta investigación permitió comprender la variación espacial y temporal de los atributos de temperatura y humedad relativa del aire, donde el aspecto de estacionalidad se evidenció claramente, corroborado por el rendimiento de mEc em verano y por mPa em invierno. Considerando las distribuiciones espacio-temporales y los análisis diários de los valores termohigrométricos, se entendió que las caracteristicas locales de cada punto, como la densidad y el patrón de construcción, el uso de la tierra y a ocupación, la densidad de la vegetación arbórea y orientación de la pendiente fueron los elementos más evidentes em las variaciones de los elementos climáticos, por lo tanto, la infuencia de los factores geoambientales fue menos significativa en comparación con los factores estruturales urbanos. Los espacios intraurbanos no siempre mostraron altas temperaturas em comparación con los lugares cercanos al campo, principalmente de noche, que presenta mejores condiciones para el fenómeno de inversión térmica. Por lo tanto, no es posible afirmar que el clima de Ituiutaba presenta condiciones específicas para la formación de islas de calor urbanas, sin embargo, tiene tendência a calentarse en ambientes más urbanizados.Item Práticas espaciais e ensino de Geografia: uma proposta de sequência didática com alunos da EAJA(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-04-29) Gomes, Rodrigo Rodrigues Freire; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8827112569170294; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Richter, Denis; Oliveira, Karla Anyelly Teixeira deThis research aims to analyze the spatial practices of students of EAJA in Goiânia and its potential relationship with the teaching of Geography, with students in two municipal schools that offer this type of teaching. To contemplate the objective, the research aims to answer the following problem: Considering the context of EAJA together with the profile of its students, how do students' spatial practices contribute to a meaningful Geography Teaching that is linked to their daily realities? In this sense, spatial practices, from readings and references about the concept, can be understood as the trajectories and routines that subjects perform daily in their daily lives and the ways that they structure themselves in space to survive. In this way, the routines and everyday practices of EAJA students are marked by a struggle for survival, in which these students experience, transit and wander through various landscapes contained in the urban space, that result in the multiplicity of visions, concepts, problems and contradictions about the city in which they live. These aspects are crucial to think how Geography Teaching, linked to the thematic city, can collaborate to contemplate the spatial practices of these students, articulating to them a critical, problematizing and integrated knowledge about the elements they encounter daily in their living spaces. To carry out the referred research, the participant research methodology was used. In view of that, the Pedagogical Political Project was analyzed, which is prepared by the Municipal Department of Education, in the area of Geography, and this document guides the forwarding of the teaching-learning process to this teaching modality. There was also a reading of the annual Geography planning for the 2019 academic year of the two teachers from the research field schools. The observation of Geography classes held in all EAJA series was intended to experience and understand the whole dynamics of Geography teaching in this teaching modality, observing the contents covered and the student-teacher relationship during classes; in these schools, informal conversations with teachers were also targets of analysis. In addition, some questionnaires were applied. The first had the objective of analyzing the socioeconomic profile of the students of the two EAJA field schools. The second aimed to understand the students' spatial practices, in order to systematize and transform into content to be worked on in a didactic sequence model, as proposed by Cavalcanti (2013). Finally, to summarize the activities carried out, an activity was applied in order to ascertain the students' views after the intervention moments carried out with them. In general terms, after the activities carried out, it is considered essential to work on the spatial practices of students in the classroom, because it gives them the opportunity to have a more scientific understanding of the dilemmas, problems and contradictions that they experience and encounter within the city. This finding comes from the students 'reaction and behavior towards the activities carried out, which in general, it was noticed that a content linked to the students' reality promotes better participation and learning by the students, when there is a wide discussion of the space lived by they.Item Análise comparativa entre o modelo de fragilidade ambiental urbana e o modelo de vulnerabilidade natural à perda de solo na bacia do ribeirão Anicuns, Goiânia-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-07-10) Lucena, Igor Brandão de; Luiz, Gislaine Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310433384519387; Lima, Claudia Valéria de; Barbosa, Gustavo Rodrigues; Luiz, Gislaine CristinaThis paper presents a comparative analysis of the natural predisposition of land to erosive processes and soil loss, based on the application of two methodological models used in environmental fragility and environmental vulnerability studies in the same area, Anicuns river basin, Goiânia-GO. The application of these empirical models resulted in the creation of two different mappings, which were analyzed and compared to each other. The first methodological model, Urban Environmental Fragility bases on slope classes. The second empirical model, Natural Vulnerability to Soil Loss bases on Basics Territorial Units. The cartographic representations derived from the application of the empirical models allow the identification, hierarchy and analysis of areas according to the different levels of susceptibility to erosive processes, constituting on guiding tools in the process of territorial zoning of hydrographic basins, being able to subsidize the strategic environmental planning. Analyzing the final products, despite the differences between the methodologies, regarding the adoption of the variables and the results related to the information plans, the summary maps presented similarities regarding the final classification, being the correlation between them considered as very strong.Item Mapeamento de superfícies de aplanamento no centro-norte da Amazônia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-04-27) Mantovani, José Roberto Amaro; Bueno, Guilherme Taitson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1585424190030655; Bueno, Guilherme Taitson; Alcântara, Enner Herenio de; Sakamoto, Arnaldo Yoso; Cherem, Luís Felipe Soares; Ferreira, Manuel EduardoThe recognition of the different planation surfaces of a region provides a picture of the structure of its relief and helps to understand the distribution of its surface formations. Mapping of planation surfaces traditionally carried out by geomorphologists is subject to strong interference from decision makers and there are few proposals for automated mapping. The manual and analogical methods depend fundamentally on the interpretation of the decision maker and often lack mathematical logic, and may be relative, biased and inaccurate. The structure of the reliefs of the Amazon and its natural resources are still little known by researchers and by Brazilian society and the mapping of their planation surfaces can assist in this task. This thesis has as its study area the center-north of the Amazon, covering parts of the territories of Brazil, Venezuela and Guyana. Thus, the main objective is to contribute to the methodologies for mapping the planation surfaces as a resource for understanding the spatial distribution of surface formations (soils, laterites, alluviums, mineral occurrences). As specific objectives, we sought to a) develop an automated methodology for mapping planation surfaces to tectonically stable areas; b) check if there is a correlation between the distribution of the surfaces of the mapped areas and the distribution of their surface formations; c) relate the mapped surfaces to the surfaces recognized by the literature and their ages. The methodology is divided into the following stages: 1. Elaboration of a mathematical algorithm using geoprocessing techniques to get data base from remote sensing, specifically radar, extracted from images of the PALSAR sensor (Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar), on board the ALOS satellite (Advanced Land Observing Satellite).This stage was carried out for a control area, which has two planation surface that are very clear and still little disturbed by river dissection, located in the municipality of Chapada Gaúcha-MG; 2. Application of the proposed methodology to the central-northern region of the Amazon; 3. Obtaining data on surface formations (soils, sediments, laterites) of the two regions and checking, through geoprocessing, digital cartography and graphical representations, the correlations between surface formations and mapped surfaces. In the control area, reliefs associated with three planation surfaces were identified: first surface, associated with the Velhas surface (the most recent and of lowest altitude), between 685 and 800 m; a second surface, associated with the South American surface (intermediate in age and with a better degree of flattening), between 801 to 881 m; and a third surface, between 882 and 898 m, associated with Post-Gondwana (oldest and represented only by dissected forms located altimetrically above the level of South American surface).The mapped surfaces showed good correlation with the types of surface formations (soils), indicating that the structure of natural landscapes has a direct relationship with the distribution of planation surfaces, considering their flat remnants and the reliefs resulting from their dissection The inconsistencies found can be fundamentally attributed to the incompatibility of scales between the surface map and the soil map available for the studied area. For the central-northern region of the Amazon, the proposed model allowed the identification of five planation surfaces in the strip that extends from the highlands of the border between Brazil, Venezuela and Guyana to the axis of the Amazon River, near the city of Manaus: a summit surface, which was associated with to Gondwana surface, between 855 and 2,745 m; a second surface, between 525 to 854 m, associated to Post-Gondwana; a third surface, between 279 and 524 m, associated to South American; a fourth surface, between 114 and 278 m, associated with to Velhas Precoce surface (Early Velhas surface), and a fifth surface, associated with to Velhas Tardio surface (Late Velhas). For each surface, the remaining flat areas and the dissected areas were mapped. The spatial distribution of geomorphological surfaces showed a good correlation with the spatial distribution of mapped surface formations. In the first three surfaces, young soils predominate, whose presence was attributed to the erosion of surface formations and the rock exposure. The two lower altitude surfaces present a greater diversity of soils, due to the increase of flattened areas under more deficient drainage conditions (Spodosols, Plintossols, Gleisols, Planossols), in addition to Latosols and Acrisols, which are dominant. The mapping proposal presented coherent and unprecedented results on the distribution of planation surfaces in the north-central Amazon, making it possible to infer the distribution of surface formations in the region.Item Modernização da mineração em Goiás e os efeitos territoriais da Orinoco Gold Limited no municípo de Faina/GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-06-03) Oliveira, Edgar da Silva; Lima, Leandro Oliveira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9322069869687533; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2930978785634948; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; Lima, Leandro Oliveira de; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Chaves, Manoel RodriguesIn the last decades of the twentieth century, the world's strongest population growth has increased the demand for natural resources in general and mineral resources specifically. In this context, Brazil has placed itself as one of the largest exporters of minerals in the world. In the same period the State of Goiás developed a whole techno-structure to reuse the mining areas from the 18th and 19th centuries and expand the range of exploited minerals in its territory. In this research we started from the hypothesis that the constitution of METAGO represented a paradigm shift for mining in Goiás that we call modernization. Considering that it is not only a change in the technique, but the implementation of a new productive logic from the changes in the position of the State. We also sought to perform a critical analysis of the territorial effects of Orinoco Gold Limited in the Municipality of Faina-GO. The first chapter entitled: Mining in Goiás-Tocantins and the constitution of Metais de Goiás S.A., aims to characterize and analyze the auriferous exploration that occurred in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in the territory of Goiano-tocantinense. The chapter also brings how Metais de Goiás S.A. contributed to the resumption of mining in the Goiano-tocantinense territory and, therefore, in the Fainense territory in the 20th century. The second chapter entitled: Geography, Nature and Mining: theoretical and methodological aspects, seeks to demonstrate, from a geographical reading, how social changes affect the relationship between society and nature, on the global and local scales, as well as to trace the evolution of the Brazilian legal-administrative body, focused on the mining sector, and its territorial effects (socioenvironmental). The third chapter: The Municipality of Faina-GO and the territorialisation of the mining company Orioco Gold Limited, brings the history of the territorial formation of the municipality. It also presents an analysis of the data obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics regarding Faina/GO, its most recent experiences with mineral exploration, as well as the results of data obtained in the field.Item Marca d'água o ser e o existir do rural no espaço metropolitano de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-05-31) Oliveira, Ubiratan Francisco; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1038300875963340; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Soares, Beatriz Ribeiro; Chaveiro, Eguimar FelícioThis research work focuses on the process of Goiânia metropolization having as object of analysis the rural in the city. The way that Goiânia was projected in the design of "City-Garden" brought from Europe in the early 20th century, by Architect Planner Atilius Corrêa Lima, expresses well the city's relationship with the countryside. Goiânia, a planned city under the aegis of modernity, occupied originally by the territory's agrarian society, the rural tradition of Goias his subjects, culture, way of being and acting of country man from Brazilian Cerrado (?). The design of City-Garden sought rapprochement of the field with city, rural livelihoods and urban to justify the creation of a city full of signs of modernity, advancement and progress that would provide the order of "isolation" of Goiás in relation to urban industrial society of Southeast Brazil. Thus, Goiânia should, at the same time, expressing his strong relationship with the field, but also, paradoxically, denying the rural way of life which is subjecting the inhabitants of Goiás. Rural and urban shall be more than spatial dichotomies to become socioeconomic dichotomies, the place of the "backwardness and stagnation" should be replaced by the place of the "advancement" and of the economic and social progress. This conflict materializes the hegemony of industrial capitalism on the territory of Goias and Goiânia is the hallmark of this hegemony. The symbol of modernity which arrives at the Center-Western Brazil to open the doors to progress. However, the process of metropolization took place quickly and provided a "disconnect" between time, space and subject. With significant structural changes in the rural space that they entered subject to urban life time slow quick time, had as a consequence the emergence of a metropolis with its urban fabric of loaded free that express the existence of rural in the city. This Rural, manifested in the form, the structure and function of these spaces in the city having as an agent of incorporation the rural subject with his technique and strength that characterize as workers and rural workers in the social division of labour. The relationship of rural with Goiânia and Goiânia with the peculiar form of rural and that needs a watchful as a look needed to see a stamp watermark that sometimes needs of body contact and tact to be unveiled. We thus contribute to the debate over relations city-countryside, urban-rural and city-rural and urban-field seeking to understand the social phenomena of "new rural" and new "ruralidades" in contemporary society.Item Cartografias ontológicas de educadoras do campo da região do Bico do Papagaio-TO: o desvelar do ser-estar da mulher na formação docente em Educação do Campo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-08-31) Oliveira, Ubiratan Francisco de; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9540141505352914; Gonçalves, Ricardo Júnior de Assis Fernandes; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Almeida, Rejane Cleide Medeiros de; Molina, Mônica Castagna; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes“Ontological Cartographies of Field Educators from Bico do Papagaio” consists of research on the unveiling of the woman's being in the process of teacher education in the Field Education Degree - Arts and Music, at the Federal University of Tocantins, Campus of Tocantinópolis. This process, which involved, among other educational activities, the realization of life history and social cartography workshops as collective processes for producing knowledge about the social and natural phenomena that comprise the totality of the realities that surround us. Therefore, we seek to analyze and understand the Bico do Papagaio region as a space for the materialization of the being of its subjects in the world. We support the theoretical and methodological frameworks of participatory and humanized research conceived in Brazil in the work with popular communities of Carlos Rodrigues Brandão and Paulo Freire in the 1980s. Also in the theory of historical and dialetical materialism, understanding that the being in the world is done in the historical and social materiality of the subjects forged in the class struggle. We started from the assumption of existence a human space, therefore, historical. Thus, the exercise of knowing the Bico do Papagaio from the life trajectories of the families who live in it gives the sense of belonging to the history of the place and, consequently, the understanding of it as a territory in dispute. Dispute over land, water, forest and food that makes the Bico do Papagaio an essential condition for the existence of its subjects. The territory as a space of human existence becomes ontological and, dialectically, space has its ontological meaning in the territory. We seek to understand the ontology of space in the Geography of Milton Santos, Ruy Moreira and Rogério Haesbaert. However, the being of the woman in question is that of the field educator. Therefore, it is necessary to build knowledge about the history of education and its consequences in the formation of a society focused on life in the city to the detriment of life in the countryside, as well as on the role of the school in the construction of the pejorative stereotype of man and woman of the countryside. Faced with this reality, the social movements fighting for land and territory in the countryside have built a pedagogical alternative that seeks to enhance the peoples of the countryside, their cultures and their ways of life. The movement to fight for field education emerges and, from this movement, the concept of integral education in Pedagogy of Alternation in Field Education. The formation of educators based on the epistemology of praxis, on work as a formative principle and on the field as a place of production and reproduction of the existence of their subjects, forges the creation of Field Education Degree and are in the times-spaces of a Field Education Degree that our research was developed. Meeting spaces of different life itineraries that form the Ontological Cartographies of the Field Educators from Bico do Papagaio.Item Rede hidrográfica: a abordagem de um componente físico-natural no ensino de Geografia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-06-05) Otto, Camylla Silva; Morais, Eliana Marta Barbosa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3615558165803518; Morais, Eliana Marta Barbosa de; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Ascenção, Valéria de Oliveira RoqueWater as a natural element of geographical space is a widely discussed topic, mainly due to urban issues experienced by society in recent years. One of these issues is the unequal appropriation of space stemming from economic and political factors, among others, an example of which is the presence of constructions near watercourses. These watercourses, viewed as part of drainage systems and of processes of land use and occupation in drainage basins, have a particular dynamic which is altered in such settings, a process that generates various types of impact in urban areas. This scenario calls for research on watercourses to be carried out, particularly with regard to geography education and the important role of teachers in mobilising this knowledge in the classroom. In Geography, one of the topics related to watercourses is that of drainage systems. Therefore, considering that one of the roles of schoolbased Geography is to foster students’ citizenship, the following questions need to be made: what is teachers’ knowledge about this particular topic? How do they apply such knowledge in their classes? How can schools promote citizenship when addressing drainage systems? By contending that a drainage system is a environment where water is represented in the hydrologic cycle, this study analyses it from the standpoint of a drainage basin, at the intersection of physical-natural components of geographical space. The central aim is to understand how teachers’ knowledge of these geographical terms affects the ways they address drainage systems in the Geography classroom. Specific aims include: (a) analysing personal concepts held by Geography teachers from the Municipal Education Network of Caldas Novas, Goiás state, who teach drainage systems in their classrooms; (b) investigating teaching strategies outlined in teaching materials (school curricula and textbooks) used; (c) proposing theoretical and methodological frameworks which may help Geography teachers in elementary education to view drainage systems as useful tools in understanding spatiality in Caldas Novas. The methodological framework selected was that of qualitative (state-of-the-art) research, which entailed the use of bibliographic research, documentary analysis (curricula, textbooks, brochures, and travel guides), semi-structured interviews, and a workshop. Results indicate that drainage systems do not feature prominently in school curricula, textbooks or in some research studies, all of them materials which focus on water as their main analytical concept. In them, water is basically viewed as a natural resource, which overlooks the relationship between society and nature. Moreover, the discussion on challenges facing teachers in their daily work (particularly during the workshop) played a major role in revealing types of knowledge that make it possible for teachers to apply creativity and autonomy to teaching in order to make geographic learning meaningful to students. To achieve this, it is important that teachers’ knowledge be grounded on didactic knowledge of geographical content and that physical-natural components are linked to an understanding of Geography as a field with geographical space as its object of study and with nature and the environment as its structuring concepts, both of which this study addresses in detail. Such knowledge enables teachers to think and act geographically, which will reflect on students’ learning. This study, therefore, subscribes to the idea that drainage systems constitute a geographical topic that enhances understanding of physical-natural components within school-based Geography.Item As dinâmicas socioespaciais no garimpo de esmeraldas em Campos Verdes/GO - (1981 a 2017)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-05-07) Padua, Wilian Ribeiro de; Arrais, Tadeu Pereira Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7443664433085838; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2930978785634948; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Barbosa, Fábio Macedo TristãoThe research developed in the Post-graduation Program Stricto Sensu in Geography of the Socioenvironmental Studies Institute of Federal University of Goiás aims to understand the sociospacial dynamics of an emerald mining in Campos Verdes/GO. The methodology we used is based on a quantitative survey divided in: bibliographical review (books, theses, dissertations and articles) of authors who approach inherent topics to this research, and also documental survey such as reports, maps and opinions from Research Corporation of Mineral Resources, which, even being official, were not public shared, remaining restrict to the library of the Regional Superintendency of Goiânia. We also used field work to make contacts, create relationships, obtain data and information with people and, thus, achieve better comprehension of the scenario. The study of the triad mining, urbanization and economy is not recent. In relation to Brazil we can date back to the gold cycle, when mining was essential to the beginning of the urban area, allowing urbanizing places never imagined, but which were discovered and inhabited by the colonial population, thanks to mining. Nowadays, the activity is developed in minings similar to the gold cycle, but, fundamentally, by big mineral enterprises. Clark (1982) assures that the interest of Geography in studying urban areas is more or less related to how these areas developed over the years. Campos Verdes/GO fits in the list of cities that were born in focus and its development was dynamic. The city is in the middle of the Cerrado Goiano with around 47,000 permanet habitants and estimated 100,000 floating population. For some years Campos Verdes/GO was consider the world's biggest emerald producer. All this human mobility created a complex society without a defined identity. The emerald is not something produced by men, it is something natural that incorporates the work from the discovery and benefit of it. The city and society of Campos Verdes/GO exist based on mining, a hard, dangerous and, several times, ungrateful work. But the dream of a better life made thes workers ignore all the challenges and move on. The workers who "created" a city and later a settlement, didn't do it because it was their purpose, they did it because they were "induced" by the capital's mobility to go through unimagined paths. Thus, they left behind the life references they had and started creating new ones. In the end, the perspectives of the city of Campos Verdes/GO diverge when speaking of the municipal power and the people, while the first fuss about the profit of mining, the society can't see this benefit. This way, it is necessary and urgent to create mechanisms for this society to keep surviving not only thinking about mining but also in how to do it.Item As práticas espaciais cotidianas na cidade de Goiânia como referência para o ensino de Geografia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-04-20) Pinheiro, Tiago Felis; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1374656969635983; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; Paula, Flavia Maria de Assis; Alves, Adriana Olívia SpositoThis research is consubstantiated in understanding how the daily spatial practices of students in the city, can be appropriated by the Geography teacher to teach the diverse geographic contents, in the second stage of Elementary Education. The general objective of the research is to understand how the teaching of Geography takes place in the classroom, having as reference the daily spatial practices in the city, of the students of the final years of Elementary School, from the municipal education network of Goiânia - GO. For this, it was necessary to achieve the following specific objectives: (i) to characterize the contents in which the teacher had reference to the practices of students in the city when teaching Geography; (ii) analyze the extent to which the contents covered and the daily practices of students in the city have enhanced the teaching and learning of Geography; (iii) to identify the methodologies developed by the teachers to think geographically the phenomena in the classroom, having as reference the daily practices of the students in the city; (iv) to evaluate the potential of teaching Geography, taking daily practices as a reference, allowing students to understand the space geographically. For this, we used the qualitative research methodology in education, of the participant type, applying as a data collection instrument, the participant observation of classes, of Geography teachers. That said, initially we propose to know research already carried out or in progress on themes that involve daily practices and teaching Geography. We seek to think about the conceptions of Everyday Practices in the city, Geography Teaching, Geographical Contents and Didactic Mediation, in order to outline the method and conceptions that would be defended here. From there, we developed the field activity, following dozens of classes from the teachers - subjects of the research, to then treat the data from the observation, trying to dialogue with researchers considered as references in the fields of knowledge discussed here. In the final analyzes, we understand that, in fact, whenever Geography teachers intentionally appropriated students' daily spatial practices, as a mediating action for learning, the construction of geographic thinking proved to be significant.Item Imagens e mediações simbólicas no ensino de Geografia: a fotografia na aprendizagem da paisagem urbana(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-13) Pires, Mateus Marchesan; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8827112569170294; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Richter, Denis; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; Pereira, Carolina Machado Rocha Busch; Hollman, VerónicaSchool education, and particularly the teaching of Geography, has benefitted from different languages and resources for decades as aids in the teaching and learning process. Among these didactic resources are photographs. Several researches and authors attest to their potential in learning, as they can promote the reading of the world and the understanding of the geographical space. Therefore, the visual dimension is part of Geography, which uses representations to help understand spatial order, phenomena and geographical processes. Based on this interpretative horizon, this thesis sought to understand how images - as didactic resources - participate in the teaching and learning process of Geography and act in the formation of concepts and geographical thought, specifically when teaching and learning the urban landscape. The present research is configured in a qualitative approach, with methodological dimensions of action-research and collaborative. It is considered the assumptions of the historical-cultural theory, having as premise to understand the material practices of the subjects, historical beings, inserted in a cultural context, from their places, their discourses, representations and meanings. Some concepts proposed by Vigotski are detailed (such as symbolic mediation, the general genetic law of cultural development and higher psychological functions) and, also, through other collaborators who continued their work, that is, authors who perform the interpretation of his work with related perspectives. The empirical research was carried out in four schools, in two cities in the western and southwestern region of Paraná, consisting of four stages (class observations, interviews with teachers, development of a study group and discussion, implementation of a didactic course with students of the 7th grade of Elementary School). From the different instruments used (observation, field diary, interviews, image records), through the analysis and interpretation of data, the following thesis is defended: the photographic images, inserted in the educational process, are mediation resources (semiotics, didactic, cognitive) for learning. In addition to simple didactic resources, the visual means are used to enhance the teaching and learning process of Geography, capable of mobilizing cognitive operations aiming at the development of a geographical thought, with and through images. When following the implementation of the didactic path with the young schoolchildren, it was found that the images served to constitute the students' arguments, and the thought elaborated by some of them, with the mediation of the photographs, was developed through the analysis of the forms present in the image, expanding their reflection on the landscape, the urban space. It is postulated that the image offers elements that only at the moment of its reading (pause and distancing), and its analysis are perceived and questioned, residing in this exercise the action of the sign interpreter who, when reading the photograph, assigns senses / meanings and elaborates his thought.Item O mapa e a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS): possibilidades da linguagem cartográfica para construção do pensamento geográfico dos alunos surdos na/da educação básica(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-04-18) Santos Neto, Pedro Moreira dos; Richter, Denis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9664892428037820; Bueno, Míriam Aparecida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9765282563578698; Bueno, Míriam Aparecida; Richter, Denis; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Carmo, Waldirene Ribeiro doThe Brazilian Language of Signs (Libras) is the way of expression and natural communication of the deaf person, as soon as impeditive none exists for same appropriating it of this linguistic system. Through this active and complete language, the deaf pupil can interact with the world from a complex and rich space visual language in details that makes possible the interpretation of abstract and concrete elements of social and natural hallmark. Starting with the hypothesis that there is the necessity of thinking about a map for the deaf pupil, as soon as the traditional maps do not attend his linguistic especificidades. In this context, Which the sense of the contemporary cartographical products for the deaf persons, being that they don’t manage to carry out his reading in the totality? We thinking, while theory proposal, that the map special for the deaf pupil, attending his linguistic necessities, makes possible the teaching-apprenticeship of Geography and the development of the geographical thought. For realization of the inquiry we center in school fact of the deaf pupil to answer two questions that direcionou the construction of the theory, the first one: What must be in the map for the deaf pupil? And the second: How must the map for the deaf pupil be prepared? For getting the primary data there were carried out observations of classrooms of Geography in rooms with deaf pupils, glimpsed with teachers of Geography, interpreters of Libras, pedagogic coordination and deaf pupils and, also, realization of workshop and minicourse with purpose of understanding how these subjects carry out the reading and analysis of the traditional maps. From the systematization and analysis of the obtained results, it was possible to identify that the deaf pupils had difficulties to carry out the reading and, consequently, the analysis and reflection of the spatialities of the present geographical phenomenon in the traditional maps, because the present verbal elements in these products are in Portuguese language (LP). Meantime, while producing maps in Libras and VisoGrafia the deaf pupils managed to carry out the reading with bigger easiness, as soon as these maps attended the linguistic aspect used by the deaf people for communication and expression with the society and the world. Therewith, it was possible to build a proposal methodological of School and Included Cartography for deaf pupils in whom the cartographical elements and the verbal language of the map are in the language of the subject open to question, making possible, so, that these students are included effectively in the process of teaching-apprenticeship of Geography in the cartographical slant.Item Spillovers espaciais de criminalidade na região integrada para desenvolvimento do Distrito Federal e entorno: uma análise de crimes contra a pessoa e contra o patrimônio(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-05-04) Silva, Luciano Pereira da; Gomes, Carlos Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4098020809512767; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4172719252263913; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Melo, Silas Nogueira de; Campos, Flávia Rezende; Romão, Patrícia de Araújo; Castilho, DênisThe discussion on crimes in the field of Geography has a vast literature, whose debates permeate several dimensions: social, spatial, economic, demographic, among others. However, a common denominator in the discussions about crime is its connection with the phenomena of industrialization and urbanization. Therefore, the theoretical discussion of this work began by assuming crime as an urban issue, and the overall objective of the thesis consisted in understanding the spatial distribution of crime in the Integrated Network for the Development of the Federal District (RIDE/DF), as well as their relations with socio-spatial conditions. The theoretical literature review focused on the ideas of the Chicago School in which they report that the acceleration of urbanization triggered in major world centers by industrialization, caused several social illnesses due to the lack of decent conditions of urban life related and the poor offer of urban infrastructure, which induce a weakening of community relations and the loss of moral order. Given this scenario, crime rates are high and cause the rupture of the instruments of social control that lead to social disorganization. An empirical research, carried out with papers published in annals and journals of Geography and other applied social sciences, was crucial for the discussion of the theme of this thesis, supporting a survey of evidence on the relationship between crimes and socio-spatial determinants. Through descriptive research, with secondary data, it was observed that the RIDE/DF was subjected to a disorderly urbanization not related primarily to industrialization nor directly linked to factors tied to egalitarian regional development, since it was created on the basis of centralized political decisions, which to this day, still causes problems regarding its definition as a region of development, governance, funds, mapping of local flows and demands, active participation of federated entities and civil society etc. This situation resulted in several problems, such as structural unemployment, housing deficit, urban violence and socio-spatial inequality, which generated spillover effects for the municipalities that comprise it. In these circumstances, this thesis sought to answer the following propositions: how is the Geography of criminality configured in RIDE/DF, interpreted through the analysis of the spatialization of crimes against the person in the period from 2010 to 2017, and crimes against property from 2017 to 2018? Can this criminality be explained by socio-spatial variables and phenomena? Were there spillovers of crimes among the federated entities of this region in the period under review? Through descriptive and quantitative research, using secondary data, it was possible to conclude that the crime rates in RIDE/DF were not randomly distributed in space since , by means of an exploratory analysis of spatial data, the existence of spatial dependency was detected, in which the municipalities bordering and closer to the DF concentrate the highest crime rates, being those responsible for more than 80% of the records of crimes occurred within the period under analysis. The main victims are young, black men shot by firearms, and the proportion of young population between 15 and 19 years of age was a determining factor of positive correlation, among other significant conditions obtained by estimations of spatial regression models through the Spatial Durbin Model - SDM. In the analysis of the effects, it was noted that in crimes against life there was a significant presence of spillovers, around 51% of the total effects. While in crimes against property the direct or own effects of each municipality were more preponderant than the indirect effects or spillovers of neighbors that represented only 22% of the total effects.