Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas (EA)
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Navegando Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas (EA) por Por Orientador "Souza, Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de"
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Item Herança e mapeamento da resistência à antracnose na cultivar de feijão carioca BRS Cometa(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-04-17) Morais, Samara Rayane Pereira de; Vianello, Rosana Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4523999698824309; Souza, Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9650183308779143; Souza, Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de; Vianello, Rosana Pereira; Torga, Paula Pereira; Pereira, Helton SantosThe common bean anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the main diseases that impacts negatively on crop yield. The use of resistant cultivars is an efficient tool to control this disease. However, the wide variability of C. lindemuthianum is a challenge for breeding programs. The pyramiding of different resistance alleles is a recommended strategy aiming to effective and durable resistance. Fourteen resistance loci to common bean anthracnose have been identified and described so far: Co-1, Co-2, Co-3, Co-4, Co-5, Co-6, co-8, Co-11, Co- 12, Co-13, Co-14, Co-15, Co16, and Co-17. This work has aimed to: (1) evaluate common bean resistance source based on their reaction to anthracnose in controlled environment and on the molecular analysis with molecular markers previously identified as linked to resistance loci; (2) test the allelic relationship among the anthracnose resistance loci present in the carioca seeded cultivars BRS Horizonte and BRS Cometa; and (3) study the genetic inheritance and mapping the anthracnose resistance in BRS Cometa. The phenotypic screening of the population F2 BRS Horizonte × BRS Cometa and F2 and F2:3 Rosinha G2 × BRS Cometa were carried out using the C. lindemuthianum pathotypes 89 and 91, respectively. The phenotypic and molecular characterization of 26 common bean lines were performed using two pathotypes (races 73 and 81) and seven SCAR and one STS markers. The evaluation of the reaction to disease was carried out using a 1-to-9 scale (resistant = 1 to 3, and susceptible = 4 to 9). The genotyping of the 104 F2 plants from the Rosinha G2 × BRS Cometa cross with SNP markers was carried out using the BARBean6K_3 Illumina Bead Chip on the Illumina Infinium HD Assay Ultra® genotyping platform. The genomic regions flanking the SNP markers were aligned against the reference genome of Phaseolus vulgaris, Andean variety (G19833) and Mesoamerican variety (BAT 93), using the BLASTN tool. As result from the phenotypic characterization, BRS Cometa and other thirteen common bean lines have been considered resistant to the races 73 and 81. The molecular characterization result has indicated that the resistance to anthracnose in BRS Cometa can be controlled by the Co-3 or other resistance locus in the chromosome Pv04, since BRS Cometa has showed amplification only for markers linked to the Co-3. Results from the phenotyping of the F2BRS Horizonte × BRS Cometa population indicated that the segregation ratio for the resistance to anthracnose has fit to the expected ratio of 15R_:1rr ( 2 = 1.24% and P = 26.41%). The segregation ratios in the F2 and F2:3 Rosinha G2 × BRS Cometa population has fit to expected ratio of 3R_:1rr ( 2 = 0.40% and P = 50.50%) and 1RR:2Rr:1rr ( 2 = 0.0% and P = 100%), respectively, indicating that the resistance to anthracnose in BRS Cometa is monogenic and dominant. The anthracnose resistance locus in BRS Cometa (Co-Cometa) was mapped on Pv04. Based on the genetic and physical distances observed between Co-Cometa and other resistance loci already described in Pv04 (Co-3, Co-15 and Co-16), the evidences indicate that Co-Cometa is a different locus.Item Mapeamento de locos de resistência ao crestamento bacteriano comum do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-04-26) Passos, Ana Laura Pereira; Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1508679345970114; Souza, Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9650183308779143; Souza, Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de; Vianello, Rosana Pereira; Sousa, Lorenna Lopes de; Melo, Patrícia Guimarães SantosThe common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is grown in Brazil in various locations, soil and climatic conditions. The diseases are among the leading causes of losses in productivity of this legume, and the common bacterial blight (CBB) is the most important bacterioses that affects the culture. The resistance of CBB in common bean is a complex quantitative trait that results from the interaction of several genes. Genetic maps are tools that optimize the search for loci associated with this type of feature, and the most commonly used molecular markers available for this type of study are the SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism). In this sense, this study aimed to: (i) develop a robust genetic map for common bean using SNP markers and the RIL (Recombinant Inbreed Lines) mapping population derived from Ruda × AND 277; (ii) characterize this RIL population and their parents about the reaction to common bacterial blight in field and greenhouse; and (iii) identifying genomic regions (major genes and/or QTL) that control the bacterial blight in this population. We used 393 individuals of the Ruda × AND 277 RIL population, evaluated for reaction to CBB in two field trials in Ponta Grossa - PR, in the rain growing season of 2012 and 2014 and in an inoculation test at the greenhouse, in Santo Antônio de Goiás - GO. The population was genotyped with 5,398 SNP markers and mapping was performed using the R-OneMap and MapDisto programs. Statistical analyzes were performed in the Genes program, and the Scott-Knott method was used for averages groupingin R platform. The QTL analysis was conducted in QTLCartographer program. Using the chi-square test (1:1), 2,062 markers were selected for mapping. Three genetic maps with high strengt, saturation and resolution were built. Statistical analysis showed that there is genetic variability for the CBB resistance in the population of RILs. The QTL analysis identified 10 QTLs linked to resistance of CBB in the Ruda × AND 277 RIL mapping population, in the chromosomes PV01, PV02, Pv07, Pv09 and PV11, based on results from evaluations carried out in the field and greenhouse. The maps constructed for this population have high strength and resolution and may be used for future work on integrative mapping. The statistical analysis evidenced the quantitative character of resistance to CBB in common bean and showed that the parent Rudá has the CBB resistance alleles. It is expected that the markers linked to these QTLs identified can be used in future studies of marker assisted selection.Item Potencial genético de germoplasma elite de feijão carioca para resistência ao mofo-branco(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-05-07) Silva, Letícia Iannacone Di Maio; Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1508679345970114; Souza, Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9650183308779143; Souza, Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de; Melo, Patrícia Guimarães Santos; Melo, Leonardo Cunha; Silva Filho, João Luis daThe common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) represents an important source of protein and fiber on human nutrition and Brazil stands out on the production and consumption of this leguminous, especially those of the carioca market class. The incidence of white mold, one of the most destructive diseases of bean, is among the factors responsible for the reduction of the productivity and the increasing of the production costs, meanly in winter irrigated crops, in which the microclimatic conditions such as mild temperatures and high humidity contribute for a higher proliferation of the disease. There are few cultivars or Brazilian bean elite lines that have partial resistance to the white mold, thus, the objectives of this paper are: (i) to characterize cultivars and elite lines of the carioca bean regarding the reaction to the white mold on the field and in a controlled environment aiming to select resistance sources and (ii) to estimate genetical parameters and number of genes controlling the character for resistance to white mold in a controlled environment utilizing the RILs K-407 × BRS Cometa population. During the characterization of the cultivars and elite lines the field trials were held in Goianira (GO), and Oratorios (MG), and in controlled environment it was utilized the modified straw test. A 1 to 9 visual score scale was utilized for the evaluation of the trials. The data were subjected to statistical analysis utilizing mixed models through REML / BLUP and the best genotypes were selected by their selection coincidence coefficient. Accordingly to the results the elite lineages selected as resistant both in the field and controlled environment were CNFC 16820, CNFC 15875, CNFC 15859 and CNFC 15458, in addition to the cultivars BRS Notável and BRS Sublime. These genotypes could be indicated for growing or as parents with partial resistance to white mold in genetic breeding programs. During the white mold resistance parameters estimation study for the population of RILs BRS Cometa × K-407, 140 RILs on the F9:10 generation were artificially inoculated through the modified straw test and the disease severity was evaluated through a 1 to 9 score scale. It was employed a mixed models methodology to analyze the data. The heritability in the broad sense was moderate (0.60), the calculation of the number of genes indicated the presence of two loci of greater effect controlling the character and the relative coefficient of variation was superior to 1, indicating good experimental precision and favorable situation for the selection.