Doutorado em Zootecnia (EVZ)
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Navegar
Navegando Doutorado em Zootecnia (EVZ) por Por Orientador "Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende"
Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
Item Aditivos antimicrobianos e processamento de grão na terminação bovinos de corte confinados(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-02-17) Camilo, Fernando Rossi; Siqueira, Gustavo Rezende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9873354467031857; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Silva, Rodrigo Medeiros da; Oliveira Júnior, Reinaldo Cunha de; Pádua, João Teodoro; Ribeiro, Marinaldo DivinoThe experiment 1 objectives were to evaluate the isolated and combined effects of the virginiamycin (VM) and monensin sodium (MON) on performance, feed intake, feed efficiency, ruminal fermentation, and carcass characteristics of beef cattle fed with high concentrate diet, the experiment 2 had the objective evaluate ruminal parameter the bulls Nelore with use the isolated and combined effects of the virginiamycin (VM) and monensin sodium (MON) and the experiment 3 had the objective to determine the optimal moisture content for reconstituted ensiled corn grain, evaluating final moisture concentrations of 27%, 30%, 33%, and 36%. In Exp. 1, 339 crossbred bulls Nellore x Guzera; were used in a randomized complete block design with five treatments and seven replicates. The blocks were defined by initial body weight. The animals were allocated in group pens for 103d, including 28d adaptation period. Treatments were defined by levels of VM and MON (mg/kg of DM) as follows: 30MON; 15VM+30MON; 25VM+30MON; 34VM+ 30MON e 34VM. In the phase of adaptation was no statistical (P>0.05) in body weight initial, body weight final, and average daily gain. Already to dry matter intake have the statistical difference (P<0.05) to compare 30MON vs 34MON e 34VM vs 34VM+30MON, in the phase adaptation the dose association 34VM+30MON have the smaller dry matter intake. In Exp. 2, 15 Nellore bulls with ruminal cannula were used in a randomized complete block design with 5 treatments and 3 replicates. Animals were blocked by initial body weight. The animals were kept in individual pens for 35 days has received the same diet to Exp.1. The sample liquid ruminal was collected in days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 for evaluation pH, VFA, N-NH3, and protozoan. After this period was realized the digestibility. The values of pH, NH3-N, and VFA were no differences (P>0.05) for contrast and linear and quadratic regression, except for acetic acid concentration that was difference (P<0.05). The protozoa concentration total had effect in contrast 34VM vs 34VM+30MON (P<0.05), being that the dose 34VM provide more concentration. In the Exp.3 sixty cattle (Bos taurus) were randomized complete block design with 6 treatments and 10 replicates was used. The treatments were corn grain reconstituted with water until they reach to final moisture concentrations of 27 (HMC27%), 30 (HMC30%), 33 (HMC33%), and 36% (HMC36%) and grains were allowed to ensile for 101 days. The steam-flaker corn and dry-rolled corn also were usually with treatment. Were no statistical difference (P<0.05) in performance the cattle confined for 89 days. Already in experiment in vitro the gas production the high moisture corn. To usually the high moisture corn in diet the cattle no increased the performance. Already the processing corn were availed in vitro, high moisture result in high fermentation and gas production.Item Aditivos antimicrobianos e inclusão de fibra em dietas de milho grão inteiro para bovinos de corte(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-09) Lemos, Barbara Juliana Martins; Castro, Flávio Geraldo Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7651676206685012; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4329309889502866; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar; Oliveira Júnior, Reinaldo Cunha de; Lima, Milton Luiz Moreira; Melo, Heloisa Helena de CarvalhoThe objective of this study was evaluate the effects of antimicrobial feed additives and inclusion of pelleted sugarcane crop residue (SCR) as a fiber source in whole shelled corn (WSC)-based finishing diets (85% WSC + 15% pelleted concentrate, DM basis) on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, rumen fermentation and eating behavior of zebu cattle. Growth performance trials were conducted in randomized block design, and metabolical trials were conducted in Latin Square design using ruminally fistulated steers. In the antimicrobial feed additives studies, 100 bulls were fed for 101 d in Exp. 1 to evaluate the treatments M30 (30 mg of monensin [M]/kg DM), V25 (25 mg of virginiamycin [V]/kg DM), M20V25 (M 20 mg/kg DM + V 25 mg/kg DM), F4 (4.4 mg of flavomycin [F]/kg DM), and M20F2 (M 20 mg/kg DM + F 2.2 mg/kg DM); and in the Exp. 2 (Latin Square 7 × 7) were evaluate the same 5 treatments of Exp. 1 plus 2 additional treatments: M30V25 (M 30 mg/kg DM + V25 mg/kg DM) and M20F4 (M 20 mg/kg DM + F 4.4 mg/kg DM). In the SCR studies, 80 bulls were fed diets with 0, 3, 6, and 9% SCR (DM basis; SCR-0, SCR-3, SCR-6, and SCR-9, respectively) for 103 d in Exp. 1; and in the Exp. 2 (5 × 5 Latin Square) were evaluated the inclusion of 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12% of SCR (DM basis; SCR-0, SCR-3, SCR-6, SCR-9, and SCR-12, respectively). In the antimicrobial feed additives studies growth performance (final BW, ADG in live weight basis, DMI, and G:F), carcass characteristics (HCW, ADG in carcass basis, carcass transfer, dressing percent, and 12th-rib-fat), apparent total tract DM, OM, CP, and NDF digestibility were similar among treatments. There were no treatment effects and no interaction of treatment × time in rumen fermentation responses (ruminal pH, rumen ammonia nitrogen, number of protozoa, and VFA). In the WSC study, inclusion of SCR linearly increased daily DMI up to 25% (P = 0.01). Dry matter intake, as percentage of BW, increased (P = 0.01) 0.06 percentage units with each 1% inclusion of SCR. Over the entire finishing period (d 0 to 103), there were trends for linearly increase final BW up to 3.3% (P = 0.10), and ADG up to 10.7% (P = 0.07) in response to dietary SCR levels, consequentially G:F tended (P = 0.07) to linearly decrease up to 10.2% with inclusion of SCR compared with CTL diet. Apparent total tract digestibility linearly decreased (P < 0.01) 30% for DM, 28% for OM, 45% for CP, and 61% for NDF, from CTL for SCR-12. No treatment effect and no interaction of treatment × time were observed on ruminal pH, concentrations of rumen ammonia nitrogen and VFA. Time spent eating, eating rate, and meal frequency were not affected by inclusion of SCR up to 12%. There was a quadratic response on meal size (P = 0.04). In summary, feeding isolated or combined antimicrobial feed additives to zebu cattle resulted in similar responses. Pelleted SCR seemed to be low fermentable and non-effective to stimulate rumination by cattle fed WSC-based finishing diet.Item Uso de aditivos e adaptação para dietas com alta inclusão de grão de milho inteiro de bovinos confinados(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-02-17) Mobiglia, Andrea de Mello; Couto, Victor Rezende Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4329309889502866; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Silva, Rodrigo Medeiros da; Ribeiro, Marinaldo Divino; Oliveira Júnior, Reinaldo Cunha de; Pádua, João TeodoroThe objective was to evaluate the effects of antimicrobial additives and the inclusion of roughage during adaptation period in diet containing whole shelled corn (WSC, 85% WSC + 15% pelleted concentrate) on performance of Zebu bulls (Exp. 1). The Exp. 1 was realized in randomized complete block design with 2x2 factorial and five replicates. A hundred bulls were fed for 105 d with diet containing monensin (MON, 30 mg/kg DM) ou virginiamycin (VM, 25 mg/kg DM) and with or without inclusion of sugarcane bagasse as roughage (ROU or NO-ROU) in adaptation period. The Exp. 2 was parallel conducted in randomized design with two treatments (MON, 30 mg/kg DM or VM, 25 mg/kg DM) and five replicates. Ten fistulated steers were used and fed with the same diet than Exp. 1 without inclusion of roughage. A laboratorial experiment (Exp. 3) was realized at Kansas State University and its objective was to evaluate the capacity of Megasphaera elsdenii (ME) strain 41125 metabolizes a range of alternative substrates as carbon source. The experiment was designed in randomized complete blocks with six replicates. Viable cell counting, pH, and optical density were measured in media containing glucose, fructose, galactose, arabinose, xylose, maltose, sucrose, lactose, lactate, trehalose, raffinose, Fructooligosaccharide, potato starch, soy protein, succinate. In Exp. 1 and Exp. 2, antimicrobial additives, MON and VM, added to diet containing 85% WSC and 15% pellet concentrate had equal results for performance, ruminal fermentation, and apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients (P≥0.05). However, lower intake was observed in animals fed with monensin includes on diet (P≤ 0.027). Although the additive used had no effect on performance on Exp. 1, the inclusion of roughage in adaptation period showed tendentiously greater final body weight, average daily gain, and efficiency (P≤ 0.088; P≤ 0.075 e P≤ 0.094, respectively) for adaptation period (1 to 20 d) and entire feedlot period (1 to 105 d). There were no treatment effects and interactions for carcass characteristics as hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, carcass daily gain (P≥0.05). In Exp. 3, Megasphaera elsdenii was able to metabolize alternative substrates as glucose, maltose, lactate, Fructo-oligosaccharide, and fructose. However, ME had greater growth in media containing fructose, but the viable cell counting did not show consistent results with optical density. Investigations must be done to clarify the ME metabolism when fructose is used as carbon source. Accord to results obtained in this study, a roughage sorce might be included on adaptation period in diet contenting 85% whole flint corn plus 15% concentrate pellete to obtain greater animal performance. Thus, Megasphaera elsdenii is able to use alternative substrates as lactate, glucose, fructose, and maltose, maintaining their population in rumen.