Doutorado em Zootecnia (EVZ)
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Item Desempenho e viabilidade econômica de tourinhos de diferentes grupos genéticos, suplementados no pasto com fonte mineral ou energético-mineral, com posterior terminação em confinamento(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-12-01) Guimarães, Tiago Pereira; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259; Pádua, João Teodoro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0308044304591375; Restle, João; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7559938697233077; Rstle, João; Leão, Karen Martins; Bilego , Ubirajara Oliveira; Okada, Eliane Sayuri Miyagi; Ribeiro, Marinaldo DivinoThe aim of this study was to evaluate the performance and economic viability of young bulls backgrounded in rotated pasture of Cynodon spp. cv. Tifton 85, in the rainy season. Eightyone bull calves with average age of 12 months and average weight of 252±33 kg were used. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in a 2x3 factorial arrangement, using mineral supplement (MS) and energy-mineral supplement (EMS), and three genetic groups Nellore (NEL), ½Canchim½Nellore (CAN) and ½Brangus½Nellore (BRN). The average forage availability was 13.6 kg DM/day per animal. The consumption of MS was statistically similar between genetic groups with overall mean of 0.073 kg/day per animal. The consumption of EMS was higher for the BRN with 2.10 kg/day, followed by CAN with 1.57 kg/day and lower for NEL with 1.28 kg/day. Average daily weight gain (ADG) and total weight gain were higher for animals receiving EMS than those receiving MS (P<0.05). In the MS treated animals, the BRN had ADG of 0.64 kg, and the NEL and CAN were similar with average of 0.46 kg/day. For animals that consumed EMS, the CAN had higher ADG with 0.97 kg, and the NEL and BRN were similar with average of 0.86 kg/day. Levels of glucose, cholesterol, total protein, albumin and creatinine were not changed by the type of supplement or genetic groups. Higher levels of urea were found in NEL and CAN animals with MS. The BRN were more compact, with greater development of chest and hindquarters, the CAN had intermediate development of thorax and hindquarters, and presented greater growth in length, while the NEL had higher growth in height and lower in thorax and hindquarters. The highest spending on MS per animal/day was for the NEL (R$0.14), the lowest for the BRN (R$0.06), and intermediate for the CAN (R$0.07). For animals treated with EMS the highest spending per animal/day was for the BRN (R$1.95), the lowest for the NEL (R$1.14), and intermediate for the CAN (R$1.40). The cost of EMS was higher in all genetic groups in relation to MS. The net income per animal with MS was better for the BRN with R$282.04, followed by the CAN with R$197.18, and lower for the NEL with R$117.21. For bulls that received EMS, the CAN had the best net revenue of R$317.40 per animal, followed by BRN with R$175.55 and lower for NEL with R$165.30. The NEL and CAN bulls that received EMS had a higher economic return than those treated with MS, whereas BRN had a better return for animals treated with MS. The energy-mineral supplement provided better performance of animals. The use of energy-mineral supplement during the rainy season in Tifton 85 grass is recommended only for Nellore and ½Canchim½Nelore bulls, for ½Brangus½Nelore the mineral supplement is recommended.Item Sincronização ruminal de energia e proteína em bovinos de corte criados em sistema pasto-suplemento(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-02-28) Socreppa, Leandro Munhoz; Moraes, Eduardo Henrique Bevitori Kling de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1638923849126806; Restle, João; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7559938697233077; Restle, João; Ribeiro, Marinaldo Divino; Costa Nuñez, Amoracyr José; Bilego, Ubirajara Oliveira; Guimarães, Tiago PereiraProtein-energy supplementation was evaluated during 84 days on the consumption, digestibility, metabolism and performance of Nellore bulls kept in pasture of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu,with two levels of rumen-undegradable protein (RUP) (72.5% and 48.8% of CP) and two levels of energy ( 1.5 and 3.0 kg / animal / day) and mineral supplementation (control treatment) in the transition period from the dry to the rainy season. To evaluate the performance, 30 animals with initial weight (IW) of 181.5 ± 6.3 kg were distributed in 15 paddocks with 0.66 ha in a completely randomized design. To evaluate the effects of the diet on metabolism, five bulls with IW of 183.34 ± 30.54 kg kept in individual paddocks of 0.33 ha, were used in a 5x5 Latin square design, each period lasted 15 days, with 7 days for adaptation and 8 days for sample collection. The concentrated supplement decreased the consumption of DM from pasture by 22% (P <0.10) and increased (P <0.10) the average daily consumption of CP proportionally to the energy level. The concentrated supplement improved the digestibility of organic matter, CP and NDF (P <0.10). The intake of N and the retained N suffered an effect (P <0.10) of the concentrated supplementation, with 32.05% lower values of retained N for the control diet compared to the other treatments. For animals supplemented with concentrate, those that received high energy obtained higher values for the retention of N. The ruminal pH did not differ between treatments (P>0.10). The blood plasma urea level was lower (P <0.10) in the control animals compared to concentrated supplementation. Furthermore, it was observed that the level of RUP influenced the plasma urea concentration, and treatments with high RUP resulted in lower values (P <0.10) of plasma urea compared to treatments with low RUP. Animals kept on pasture receiving only mineral mixture had an average daily gain (ADG) of 0.873 kg, being lower (P <0.10) than animals that received concentrated supplementation, whose averages were 1.095 and 1.328 kg for the supply of 1.5 and 3.0 kg, respectively. It was observed that animals supplemented with high RUP and high energy showed a drop in ADG (P <0.10) compared to those supplemented with low RUP and high energy. It is concluded that supplementation with different levels of RUP and energy affect the metabolism, mainly in the blood urea levels, of the animals, however, RUP does not affect the performance of animals kept on pasture during the transition period of the dry season. for rainy.