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Item Aplicação de um algoritmo para avaliação do desempenho de testes diagnósticos para dengue durante epidemia no Centro-Oeste, Brasil (2012-2013)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-04-20) Botelho, Pedro Henrique Dias; Féres, Valéria Christina de Rezende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8089054699896454; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914164125498267; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; Alcântara, Keila Correia de; Argolo, Angela Ferreira Lopes de Teive e; Rocha, Benigno Alberto Moraes daIntroduction. Laboratory tests are essential for dengue diagnosis, in that sense algorithms are proposed, which proposes instructions for a more effective laboratory dengue diagnosis. Aim. To evaluate the performance of laboratory tests in the confirmation of suspected dengue cases, appling an algorithm, during a dengue epidemic in Goiânia, Central West Brazil 2012-2013. Methodology. This is a retrospective analytical observational study in a database of a prospective cohort with suspected dengue cases. The algorithm applied was based on three periods in the acute phase of disease, 0-3, 4-7 and >7 days after onset of symptoms (DOS) and in detection of immunoglobulins M and G (IgM and IgG), non-structural 1 protein antigen (NS1Ag) and viral RNA by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Positivity was seen individually and in association of tests in the algorithm and per day of infection, and used to confirm cases. The tests performance was evaluated by the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of each test when compared to the others association, also in the algorithm. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS Statistics 17.0, R software and OPENEPI. Results. 592 patients with suspected dengue were included, 415 (70.1%) were laboratory confirmed. In the 0-3 DOS period, the best positivities were by RT-PCR (81.6%) and NS1Ag (63.3%). While, IgM obtained the best positivities in 4-7 and >7 DOS periods (85.5% and 93.3%, respectively). Individually, RT-PCR and IgM tests were the most efficient to add positivity to diagnosis at the beginning and at the end of the acute phase of infection, respectively. Sensitivity results were similar to those of positivity, whereas NS1Ag specificities were greater than 90% at all periods. Conclusion. The algorithm sowed which laboratorial test was the best for the course of disease. Until 3 DOS, molecular is most sensitive test; between 4-7 DOS, two techniques may be required to obtain an accurate diagnostic. NS1Ag test, presented less detection in secondary infection cases, however, they was more specific test and can be used in differential diagnosis of dengue. These results contributed to diagnostic decision in the epidemiological context with concomitant arbovirus circulation.Item Avaliação do potencial fotoprotetor do extrato hidroalcoólico de Lafoensia pacari A. St-Hill (Lytraceae) e obtenção de uma formulação fitocosmética(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-12-08) Caixeta, Eliane de Vasconcelos; Diniz, Danielle Guimarães Almeida; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914164125498267; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; Ortrosky, Elissa Arantes; Peres Filho, Marco JúnioIn Brazil, the number of cases of skin cancer has increased, representing a significant public health problem. Various cosmetic products have been developed with sunscreens and from marketing’s point of view the addition of natural products in particular containing phenolic compounds, has been the subject of several studies. The aim of this study was to determine the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of hydroalcoholic Lafoensia pacari extract and assess its potential for additive in SPF in a sunscreen formulation containing the chemical filter metoxycinamate octyl. First it was obtained hydroalcoholic L. pacari extract and the monitoring of extraction process by CCD. The SPF from L. pacari extract, from the chemical filter metoxycinamate octyl (eusolex 2292®) and both formulations were determined using the technique of Mansur and colleagues with adaptations, such as diffuse reflectance.The chromatographic profile of the extract or formulation were investigated by CLAE as well as dosing of total phenols and flavonoids. In addition, tests for antioxidant activity of the extract by DPPH and FRAP methods were carried out. Lastly, it was performed the accelerated stability on a 90-day cycle formulation at three different temperature conditions. Regarding the chromatographic profile by CCD it was detected seven stains in the four extraction conditions employed, being eluted identically and after revealed by NP, they were indicative of polyphenols and flavonoids. It was selected the extraction by bath of 30 min ultrasound. The formulation containing eusolex 2292® and extract achieved a 7.3 indicating activation and photoprotection. Using a reflectance technique, the achieved results were from 9.7 to 11.11, confirming the additive by a more sensitive technique. The chromatographic profiles, by CLAE, the extract or formulation showed peaks with retention times and identical UV absorption spectrum, thereby confirming the presence of the extract in the final formulation. Dosing of total phenols resulted in 3.31% and total flavonoids 0.31%. Antioxidant activity by DPPH assay showed EC50 = 53,73 mg/L and FRAP results showed that 1 g of Pacari extract showed reduction capability of 323.62 μM of ferrous sulfate. The preliminary stability test showed that there was a formulation stability in the FPS and viscosity after freeze - defrost cycle.It was found that the extract obtained from the leaves of L. pacari has absorbance in UVC, UVB and UV. This extract was able to aditivar FPS formulation developed in this work, containing eusolex 2292® chemical filter and showed antioxidant activity .Item Identificação de punicalagina das folhas de Lafoensia pacari (Lythraceae) e avaliação das atividades biológicas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-08-30) Chaibub, Beatriz Abdallah; Santos, Suzana da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7811945085200334; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914164125498267; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; Paula, Joelma Abdaia Marciano de; Bozinis, Marize Campos ValadaresLafoensia pacari (Lythraceae) is a native plant of the Brazilian cerrado know as pacari. Studies showed anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant e antinociceptive activities. This work aimed to isolate and identify chemical compounds and biological activities as anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antissecretory, angiogenic and healing of the extract of the leaves and of an isolated from L. pacari. Initially we prepared and characterized the plant drug and was obtained the crude extract of pacari (EBP) in acetone 50% v/v. The extract was characterized and lyophilized for user in testing of biological activities. Then we did the fractionation of EBP with ethyl acetate and methanol. Chromatography of the fraction soluble in methanol was performed on a column of Diaion ® HP-20 and was monitored the chromatographic profile by thin layer chromatography. After collecting the fractions, we evaluated the chromatographic profile by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and the isolated compound was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), obtaining one-dimensional and two-dimensional spectra. It was validated a HPLC method for quantification of punicalagin according to parameters of the National Agency for Sanitary Vigilance. The biological activities evaluated for EBP lyophilized and punicalagin followed the experimental models: anti-inflammatory activity in the croton oil-induced ear edema assay (EBP 5 mg / ear), antiulcer activity of gastric lesions induced by indomethacin (EBP 150 mg / kg and punicalagin 120 mg / kg), evaluation of antisecretory activity gastric acid in pylorus-ligation model (EBP 75, 150, 300 mg / kg and punicalagin 120 mg / kg), angiogenic activity in the chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM) (EBP 10 %) and the wound healing activity of cutaneous wound model in rats (EBP 10%). During the characterization of plant drug and EBP, we could confirm the presence of tannins. The yield of lyophilized EBP was 37.6%. In the HPLC analysis verified the presence of two peaks in the majority EBP, indicated that they are the same compound after the analysis of its UV absorption spectrum. After column chromatography and monitoring of the chromatographic profile, the fractions obtained were collected in 12 fractions (PAC) and observed that the PAC 2-7 showed the same chromatographic profile, and the total yield of 67.23%. The PAC 6 was analyzed for its one and two-dimensional NMR experiments, which allowed the structural elucidation of punicalagin, a hydrolysable tannin of the ellagitannins class. The validated method for punicalagin proved to be selective, linear, precise, accurate and robust. The content of punicalagin quantified in EBP was 65%. The EBP (5 mg / ear) showed anti-inflammatory activity by reducing edema of ear (41.44%, p < 0.001). The EBP at a dose of 150 mg / kg and punicalagin at a dose of 120 mg / kg reduced the rate of gastric damage following indomethacin administration of 29,82 (p ≤ 0.05) and 52.03% (p ≤ 0.001), respectively. In the evaluation of the parameters of acid secretion, the EBP and punicalagin were able to significantly reduce the volume (9.64%, p ≤ 0.05; 11.24 %, p ≤ 0.05, 15.66%, p ≤ 0.001) for EBP in the respective doses of 75, 150, 300 mg / kg and in punicalagin 9.69%, p ≤ 0.05 (to 120 mg / kg) a free acidity (76.89%, p ≤ 0.01, 58.97%, p ≤ 0.01, 49.66%, p ≤ 0.001) for EBP in the repective doses of 75, 150, 300 mg/kg and punicalagina at 22.47%, p ≤ 0.05 (for the 120 mg / kg) and total acidity (65.30%, p ≤ 0.001, 71.46%, p ≤ 0.001; 69.40, p ≤ 0.001) to EBP in the respective doses of 75, 150, 300 mg/kg and in punicalagin 41.98%, p ≤ 0.01 (to 120 mg / kg) acid secretion in mice 4 hours after pyloric ligation. The EBP 10% showed angiogenic property in the MCA model, decreased time to healing of wounds in rats and significantly increased two parameters involved in wound healing, the number of vessels and collagen production. This is the first study of the leaves of L. pacari demonstrating the presence of punicalagin and anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antissecretory, angiogenesis activities and decreased healing time of EPB and punicalagin.Item Estudo clínico de segurança não controlado do uso de drogas vegetais em pacientes atendidos em um ambulatório público de fitoterapia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-02) Cirilo, Hérica Núbia Cardoso; Cunha, Luiz Carlos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6349547031976679; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914164125498267; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; Santos, Thalyta Renata Araújo; Alves, Suzana Ferreira; Paula, José Realino de; Soares, Amanda QueirozIntroduction: The use of medicinal plants has been increasing worldwide, so as the reports of adverse events (AE) related to them. The World Health Organization Toxicity Grading Scale for Determining the Severity of Adverse Events (WHO-TGS) establishes the toxicity criteria for laboratory tests in clinical trials with humans, allowing to evaluate the safety of a treatment. Additionally, the Naranjo Algorithm establishes the causal relationship between the observed AE and the product under investigation. Main objective: To verify the safety of the use of 12 medicinal plants in subjects attended at a phytotherapy outpatient clinic of the Unified Health System, using the WHO-TGS and the Naranjo Algorithm. Methodology: This is an open and prospective uncontrolled "before and after" clinical study. The selected participants were submitted to laboratory tests before and after 30 days of use of the prescribed medicinal plants. The results were analyzed according to WHO-TGS. The medicinal plants were suspended for 30 days in those who presented laboratory alterations indicative of toxicity, the exams were repeated, and the results analyzed. The observed AE had their causality established through the Naranjo Algorithm. Results and discussion: There was a higher prevalence of female individuals, mean age of 46 years, graduated level, who sought the health service to treat depression and anxiety. The majority of them are non-users of tobacco and illicit drugs, while half regularly consume alcoholic beverages, and are characterized mainly by the daily use of medicinal plants, plant drugs and herbal medicines for therapeutic purposes. 42 subjects were selected to use the medicinal plants prescribed for 30 days, of which 17 (40.5%) did not present AE, whereas 25 (59.5%) presented Grade 1 toxicity (GT1) AE, mainly the increase in amylase concentration (n=9). After the suspension of the medicinal plants use, 14 participants continued to present GT1 AE, mainly hypomagnesemia and hematuria. The Naranjo Algorithm established a possible causal relationship between hyperamylasemia; hypomagnesemia; hematuria; AST, ALT and GGT increase; hyperglycemia; hypocalcemia; hypercalcemia; thrombocytopenia; prothrombin time elevation; proteinuria and the medicinal plants used. Conclusions: The results obtained revealed the socio-demographic, clinical, life habits and pharmacotherapeutic profile of the participants. They demonstrated the occurrence of AE after the use of Bauhinia forficata, Curcuma longa, Cynara scolymus, Equisetum arvense, Erythrina mulungu, Matricaria chamomilla, Melissa officinalis, Passiflora edulis, Phyllanthus niruri e Zingiber officinale, evidencing a possible causal relationship to the use of these medicinal plants. Such relationship corresponds to a low level of probability of occurrence of an AE by the products under investigation, that is, it demonstrates safety in the use of these medicinal plants, in the experimental conditions employed.Item Indução de lacase de Pycnoporus sanguineus CCT 4518 induzida por resíduos agroindustriais e ensaio de biorremediação de estrogênio sintético (EE2)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-04-25) Golveia, Jhéssica Cavalcante de Souza; Santiago, Mariângela Fontes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7143224488081563; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914164125498267; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; Ponezi, Alexandre Nunes; Ulhôa, Cirano JoséLaccase (EC 1.10.3.2, benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductase) belongs to multicobre oxidases family, produced mainly by fungi. Due to its ability to catalyze oxidation of a wide variety of substrates, laccase has been used in various industrial applications such as delignification and bleaching of pulp, discoloration of dyes in textile effluents and detoxification of environmental pollutants. To meet the high demand of laccase at low cost is necessary to increase their production. One strategy is use of inducers such as metal ions and aromatic compounds. However, these compounds may have high toxicity and high cost. The use of agro-industrial and agricultural wastes containing laccase inducers is a sustainable and promising alternative strategy. The main of this study was to evaluate "in vitro" the capacity of ten agro-industrial wastes to induce the production of laccase from Pycnoporus sanguineus. We evaluated two different culture conditions (1% Malto extract and potato dextrose broth 0.5%) and the cultivation under stirring and static condition. The plant materials were added at a concentration of 1% (w / v) in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing 60 ml of culture medium. The best growing conditions have been established and the results of maximum laccase activity were with the medium CBD 0.5%, stirring 150 rpm at 28 ° C. Positive controls were performed (with induction xylidine and copper) and negative controls (no addition of inducer). All tests were performed in triplicate. The wastes that induced highest amount of enzyme were the cupuassu (1642U.mL-1) and cocoa (1589U.mL-1), guariroba´s straw (1258 U.mL-1) and açaí (886 U.mL-1), being greater than the induced positive control with 2,5-xylidine and copper (511 U.mL-1). Cupuassu and cocoa was selected for characterization. The enzymatic extract induced with cupuassu proved to be more stable at high temperatures and at different pHs, in addition to being able to oxidize different substrates. The extract was choice for the remediation of ethinylestradiol. Obtained 86% removal after 4 hours reaction and after 8 hours the concentration of hormone was below the method detection limit. Analysis of MS-ESI-TOF showed that hormone molecule was biodegraded during the enzymatic process.Item Desenvolvimento e caracterização de microemulsão à base de óleo de sucupira (P. emarginatus Vog. Fabaceae) e avaliação da atividade antiinflamatória tópica(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-02-27) Pascoa, Henrique; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914164125498267; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914164125498267; Silva, Francilene Amaral da; Tresvenzol, Leonice Manrique FaustinoPterodon emarginatus, popularly known as Sucupira Branca is a native species found in the Brazilian Savannahs in states of Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul. Several studies have confirmed their therapeutic activities as antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, analgesic, antimicrobial, among others. The aim of this study was to develop a microemulsion with topical anti-inflammatory activity from the fixed oil obtained by cold pressing of the fruits of sucupira and additionally evaluate the topical anti-inflammatory activity using the same model of ear edema induced by croton oil. Initially, we made the physical-chemical and chemical composition of vegetable raw material. Using gas chromatography coupled with mass detector was possible to identify the presence of sesquiterpenes such as -caryophyllene and - humulene, with known anti-inflammatory pharmacological activity. The calculation of HLB value required by the oil and tests for determining the surfactant system has enabled the formulation of a microemulsion system using the surfactant/cosurfactant Ultramona® R-540/propyleneglycol, oil sucupira and water proportions 15:10:75 respectively. Stability tests have shown that the formulation when stored in the refrigerator (5±2°C) or room temperature (25±2°C) w ere stable for 30 days with no significant alterations in their physical and chemical parameters. The antiinflammatory activity of oil and formulating show statistical significance when compared to the respective negative controls with p <0.001 for both. The microemulsion presented an effective dosage form for this activity showing great potential for increasing the permeability of the skin oil sucupira confirming the possibility of obtaining a topical herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory action.Item Produção de extrato de Artemisia annua L. asteraceae e o uso deste na obtenção de formas farmacêuticas sólidas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-02-26) Silva, Elviscley de Oliveira; Conceição, Edemilson Cardoso da; Bara, Maria Teresa Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3914164125498267; Bara, Maria Teresa Ffreitas; Marreto, Ricardo Neves; Rezende, Kênnia RochaArtemisia annua is originally from China, where it is used over two thousand years in the treatment of various diseases, especially malaria. The chemical compound of main therapeutic importance is artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone with an endoperoxide ring, responsible for potent antimalarial activity of the plant. Only one study about the production of pharmaceutical forms to A. annua extract was found in the literature. The main objective of this work was to obtain a concentrated extract of aerial parts of A. annua and using this for production of phytomedicines. The vegetal drug showed adequate physicochemical properties and artemisinin content of 1.15 ± 0.05 %. All assays of the analytical method validation were in specifications with LOD and LOQ of 1.3 mg/ml and 4.0 mg/ml of artemisinin, respectively. The partial validations for analyze of tablets, capsules and pellets were within the specifications in selectivity, linearity and repeatability testing. The vegetable drug was percolated and obtained 80% yield artemisinin extraction. Four kilograms of vegetable drugs yielded 2.5 liters of concentrated extract with 1.47% (w/v) of artemisinin and 30.78% (w/w) of dry residue. This was used to produce pellets, tablets and capsules, which contained 8.1 mg, 9.6 mg and 10.0 mg of artemisinin, respectively. All showed determination weight and content uniformity within specifications, demonstrating that the manufacture from the concentrated extract was effective in relation to the desired dosage artemisinin. The tablets showed immediate dissolution at pH 6.8 only. At pH 1.2 disintegrated in 60 minutes, releasing 85.2% of artemisinin against 99.8% of the capsules at 20 min, and 103.3% of pellets at 30 minutes. The dissolution profile of the capsules and pellets showed a very fast immediate dissolution at pH 1.2 and 6.8. Therefore, the dissolution efficiency (DE) of the tablets was lower than that of the capsules and pellets, for both pH values. The value F2 indicated a difference between the profiles of the tablets at different pH values, with the smallest dissolution in pH 1.2. The formulations prepared in this study demonstrated how the concentrate extract of A. annua can be used to manufacture phytomedicines content artemisinin near the expected and other appropriate physico-chemical properties.