Mestrado em Ciências Ambientais (PRPG)
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Navegando Mestrado em Ciências Ambientais (PRPG) por Por Orientador "Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves"
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Item Degradação de fenol por bactérias de dois biomas brasileiros(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-14) Almeida-Rotta, Anna Paula Santos; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1742731776579730; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; Silva, Daniela de Melo e; Souza, Keili Maria Cardoso deIn recent decades, the growth of industrial activity and agriculture has been responsible for environmental contamination due to the presence of organic and inorganic substances. Phenol and its derivatives are an important class of environmental contaminants by their presence in many industrial effluents. The seeking of biological alternatives to mitigate the environmental pollution has motivated researches to find microorganisms that combine the capacity to degrade phenol with a sustainable focus. Therefore, bacteras capable of degrading xenobiotics are been used in soil, sediment and water treatment. This study has aimed to evaluate the biodegradation of phenol by bacterial isolates isolated from two Brazilian biomes (Cerrado Goiano and Mangrove of Guarapary, ES), whereupon the influence of pre-adaptation of the bacteria was checked, as well as the effects of growth parameters in different concentrations and the tolerance to this chemical compound. One isolated from Cerrado was identified as Staphylococcus aureus (BF 2.5), and the other one as a gram-positive rod (\BF 2.3.2), and the mangrove bacteria were identified as Bacillus circulans (MF-2) and Bacillus sp. (MF-1). All of the isolates consumed phenol in the approximated of 500mg.L-1 when cultivated in liquid Busnell-Hass (BH) medium and 1.500mg.L-1 in Nutrient Agar medium (NA). The consumption of phenol as carbon source by BF-2.5 isolated was 2,78; 4;79 and 0,35% for concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 mg.L-1 of phenol, respectively. The isolated BF-2.3.2 results were 11, 04; 19,13 and 16,02%, respectively. For the mangrove isolated the results were 22,43; 11,52 and 3.33% to 21,54; 20;54 and 28.85% for the MF-1 and MF-2 isolates, respectively in the same phenol concentrations tested. These results suggest a higher phenol consumption capacity of MF-2 isolated from mangrove.Item O impacto do manejo do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum sp.) e de pastagem (Brachiaria decumbens) na microbiota do solo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-10-13) Araújo, Marcus Vinícius Forzani; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4782223Z6; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; Carrim, Aysha Jussara Ivonilde; Silva, Daniela de Melo eCharacterized as extremely important, the soil is a complex environment and it shelters a great diversity of microorganisms. However, little is known about the diversity and ecology of the soil microbiota. Thus, the first part of this dissertation reviews the methodological evolution used to characterize the diversity and abundance of microorganisms found in soil. The second part consists of the application of two methodologies reviewed in the previous chapter, serial dilution and solid medium plating, to estimate free-living nitrogen fixing microorganisms, and fumigation-extraction to estimate soil microbial biomass (BMS). The last part employs the most modern microbial soil characterization technique, the metagenomics of 16S rRNA. Hence, our initial hypothesis was that sugarcane fields’ soils would have better soil microbiological indicators than grasslands’ soils. The results confirmed that the hypothesis was partially correct, and it was possible to find about 140% more free-living diazotrophic colony-forming units (CFUs) and a 17% richer alpha diversity in sugarcane fields’ soils than in grasslands’ soils. The beta diversity between sugarcane plantations and pastures presented clear differences. However, sugarcane fields’ soils obtained about 25% less BMS than grasslands’ soils. In relation to the bacterial phyla, the grasslands have more Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes and sugarcane fields have a greater number of TM7 and bacteria that were not identified, being Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria the dominating phyla in both types of soil. Although the results of nitrogen fixers and microbial biomass appear to be conflicting, it is an indication that the diazotrophic community undergoes with a diverse biotic and abiotic influences than the total community of soil microorganisms, and thus respond differently.Item Seleção de bactérias da rizosfera de lactuca sativa capazes de bioconverter glicerol em 1,3-propanodiol e 2,3-butanodiol(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-05-23) Soares, Renan de Souza; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1742731776579730; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; Silva, Daniela de Melo e; Leal, Geraldo SadoyamaThe coproducts production is one of the main setbacks in the biodiesel’s productive chain. One of these coproducts, the most representative is the glycerol. In this aspect, this study aim to contextualize the use and production of fossil fuels and biofuels, mostly biodiesel, and to investigate the biotechnological potencial of lettuce’s (Lactuca sativa) rhizobacteria on glycerol bioconversion into value-added products. For such purpose, it was conducted a literature search about the use of fossil fuels and the biofuels market development, besides the biotechnological potential of the use of glycerol in fermentative processes. From rhizosphere soil samples, it was bioprospected micro-organisms with the ability to utilize glycerol as the sole carbon source and in bioconvert 2,3-butanediol and 1,3-propanediol. In order to preserve the maintenance and development of urban activities a change in the energy matrix is necessary since fossil fuels are a finite resource and shown to be unsustainable or cause impacts in environment and human health. Through the implementation of policies that aimed to invest in research and production of biodiesel Brazil stands out as a major producer of the compound. In the experimental segment, among the sampled and identified microorganisms, the family Enterobacteriaceae was highlighted. All isolated presented biochemical / physiological profile heterogeneous and belonging to genera notedly used in the glycerol bioconversion. Three samples were identified as simultaneous producers of compounds of interest, simultaneously AG3 was the best producer of 2,3-BD and 1,3-PD, 0522 g.L-1 and 0.735 g.L-1, respectively. AG6 stood out in the production of 1,3-PD, 0842 g.L-1. Therefore, the sustainability provided by biofuels, highlighting biodiesel, brings a promising perspective to future and the use of co-products generated by the biodiesel production chain can contribute to the appreciation of biodiesel. Lactuca sativa’s rhizobacteria have the biotechnological potential for bioconversion of glycerol, promising discovery for the development of biodiesel and biorefinery sector.