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Item Indicadores utilizados em saúde bucal no Brasil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-10-28) França, Mary Anne de Souza Alves; Pereira, Edsaura Maria; Marcelo, Vânia Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6650368201862218; Marcelo, Vânia Cristina; Campos, Cerise de Castro; Reis, Sandra Cristina Guimarães BahiaAfter 25 years of the establishment of the Unified Health System (SUS, acronym in Portuguese) in Brazil, this system managers and servants have concentrated efforts to overcome the challenges concerning the provision of health services with fairness and efficiency. Planning can contribute with the management in order to avoid that actions are implemented randomly or not adequately with the reality of the population; or without prioritization. Therefore, the SUS’ managers require health indicators designed to facilitate the evaluation, measurement and representation of health status, as well as the performance of a health system. The aim of this study was to analyze the indicators used in oral health in Brazil present in the government policies and scientific articles published in the period between the years 2000 and 2012. The study was configured as a literature review in the Lilacs and SciELO database and a documentary research on the website of Brazilian Ministry of Health. The indicators that emerged from the scientific articles analyzes (n=221), were categorized into: oral health conditions, socio-economics, demographics and management. In 34% of these articles management indicators were identified, in the following topics: supply, demand and services’ performance. Among the management indicators, the most cited were: access to dental visit, reason for the use of the services and the kind of service that was used. Among the socio-economic indicators: income and human development. In the demographic, age and gender. And about the oral health condition, the DMFT and GOHAI. Regarding the documentary guidelines, the topics mentioned the Pact Indicators of Primary Care; Pacts for Health; and the National Program for Improving Access to Quality Primary Care (PMAQ, acronym in Portuguese). Among the indicators of the guidelines were reminded the coverage of the first dental appointment, the action of supervised tooth brushing and coverage of oral health teams. In the triangulation of sources, coincident indicators in the articles and in the government guidelines were identified. It is concluded that there is a variety of indicators with different forms of calculation, data collection instrument and information source. Different denominations for the indicators were found in the scientific articles; it requires a standardization of the terms related to the topic, in addition to the aspects related to its calculation method. The management must prioritize the indicators with a reliable source and easily available collection. Government guidelines brought little progress in terms of proposals for oral health indicators. Over time, new oral health indicators were established by Brazilian Ministry of Health, at the same time as others were excluded. PMAQ’s publication inserted new indicators in this field that may contribute with the management. The description of the methodological aspects of the indicators allowed the systematization of the procedures described in the various articles and ministerial publications, which contributed with knowledge on the subject, allowing the use of these indicators in professional practice of management and assistance.Item A cultura organizacional de uma instituição pública de saúde: ferramenta para a compreensão de fenômenos organizacionais complexos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-10-21) Jordão, Rodrigo Aquino; Marcelo, Vânia Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6650368201862218; Marcelo, Vânia Cristina; Lima, Jacqueline Rodrigues de; Lemos, Cristiane Lopes Simão; Nunes, Maria de Fátima; Queiroz, Maria GorettiThe implementation of the Brazilian National Health System has brought several challenges to the management of health. Due to the decentralization of services, the role and the relationship between the three federative agents have dramatically changed. Seeking for alternatives to better cope with this setting, the cultural studies are thought to be relevant in aiding the understanding of the complex organisational phenomena. This study aimed to analyse the organisational culture’s elements of a public health institution according to Hofstede and Schein. It is an exploratory case study employing a qualitative methodology. Data triangulation was performed, using in-depth interview, focus group, documental analysis and unsystematic observation. Data treatment involved content analysis. The results suggest that practical elements of the institution’s culture (symbols, heroes and rituals) converge on the following values: the technicism, the assistance, and the hierarchy. It was concluded that such a cultural system exalts the professional qualification, is focused on work processes, and suffers from the consequences of health underfunding. These implications may act as barriers to the institution’s performance, such as the difficulty in communication and interlocution, apolitical behaviour, negligence in results seeking, and the uncritical and isomorphic reproduction of national policies. It is suggested the drawing of management strategies supported in organisational theories that may equalize the actual values and cultural practices of the institution.Item Primeira infância: práticas educativas na estratégia saúde da família(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-08-28) Silva, E. A. S.; Marcelo, Vânia Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6650368201862218; Marcelo, Vânia Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6650368201862218; Toschi, Mirza Seabra; Souza, Márcia Maria de; Rocha, Dais Gonçalves; Queiroz, Maria Goretti deEducational practices developed in the Family Healthcare Strategy (FHS) are determinants of the health-disease process from the involved population. On the other hand, these practices are influenced by the professionals’ conceptions, by the physical spaces and by the availability of materials for their execution. The healthcare workers of the family generally have technical formation in their specific areas, but lack of formation in educational techniques. The Educational Practices (EP) developed among children ranging from zero to six years old can be grouped in two clearly opposite, traditional and liberatory strands. In this age group, children are in development of the individual and therefore the acquired formation during this stage will bring consequences to their whole lives. With the aim to characterize the realization of educational practices in the early childhood, 112 workers of the FHS from the East Sanitary District (ESD) in Goiânia (GO) were surveyed. It was decided to combine quantitative and qualitative methodology within the application of a questionnaire. Also, the physical spaces of the health units that were qualified as inadequate to carry out EP were recorded in field diaries. About the conception of EP, the most highlighted factors were transferring of information, consciousness and capacitation and disease prevention. The educational practices were predominantly classified as traditional. The most pointed sources of knowledge about this theme were the undergraduation, the specialization and the construction of informal networks of experience exchanging; and, few references in relation to permanent educational activities were performed. The addressed issues were selected by the experience of the pairs or of the documents and programs vertically indicated by the Ministry of Healthcare (MH) and Municipal Secretary of Healthcare (MSH). They are collectively discussed in the conventional spaces, using the spoken language and involving participants, especially accompanying adults. The mentioned theoreticalmethodological references that had more subsides to the actions were the manuals (MH and MSH), books and articles containing information within field of action. There was reference to the use of liberatory, in addition to support in the knowledge of their peers. The evidences of effectiveness of these actions were poorly mentioned, limiting only in the observation of improvement in health indicators, being stated by the decrease in caries prevalence (by dental professionals and community agents of healthcare), empowerment of the professionals (quoted by a doctor and a dentist) and the discrete increase in adhesion to these services by the population. The necessity of supportive materials and of complementary contents to subside the developed educational activities was highly stated. The secondary education professionals claimed not having access to permanent education activities.