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Item Produção e manejo de resíduos de serviços de saúde gerados em hospital veterinário(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-12) ALVES, Cláudia Bueno; TIPPLE, Anaclara Ferreira Veiga; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4288704233343920; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; SILVA, Olízio Claudino da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7787082855013504Usual practices in health stablishments, both human and animal, produce a considerable quantity of residues that potentially represents risks to health of the internal community and the population. These wastes demand special management, with or without treatment prior to the final destination. Consequently, the processing constitutes a vital topic to occupational safety of the employees who handling them, such as to the public health and environment. Thus, this study aimed to analyze aspects of the control of residues produced at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Goiás (HV/UFG). The waste was classified in four groups (GA, GB, GD and GE) accordling to its nature: infectious, chemical, common and drill-sharp, respectively. The evaluation of the residues management was performed using a checklist prepared in accordance with actual legislation and after its validation and application in all sectors of the HV/UFG. The qualifying and quantifying were made through the inspection and weighing of these products. The study was carried out from may 04 to July 17, 2009. As results, it was observed that the management adopted in HV/UFG wasn t fully in accordance with the sanitary regime. Among the critical points observed, it can be outstand the inappropriate separation, identification and storage of the health services waste, poor training of the professionals involved, as well as, insufficient structural conditions. From the previously waste conditioned as GA, it was observed that only 28,5% were appropriately classified as GA. The rest, 2% was GB, 0.5% was GE and 69% was GD. It can be concluded that if the segregation was performed properly in accordance of sanitary legislation, could occur a reduction up to 71% of the contaminated residues. This result can be considered relevant because it implicate in considerable reduction in costs for the treatment of the health services waste, just as in the prevention of infectious diseases and occupational accidents during the handling of these residues.Item AVALIAÇÃO DO EFEITO DA INOCULAÇÃO DE Salmonella Enteritidis EM OVOS EMBRIONADOS E EM PERUS DE UM DIA(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-08-28) ANDRADE, Carla Yoko Tanikawa de; CAFÉ, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158; STRINGHINI, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467This study was divided into two experiments, referring to incubation and early phase. The incubation experiment had as principal aims evaluated incubation yield, the capacity to penetrate through the eggshell and the ability to colonize the gastrointestinal tract. Four hundred fertilized turkey eggs for BUT9 strain were distributed in four treatments: CCS and CCM (inoculation of placebo in eggshell and air cell, respectively); ICS and ICM (inoculation with 4,2 X 104 UFC/mL of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica sorovar Enteritidis in eggshell and air cell, respectively). Incubation parameters calculated were: fertility, total hatchability, hatchability of fertile eggs and poult yield. Salmonella was examined in eggshell, inner and outer membranes, albumen/yolk, embryo and, after hatched, in meconium in all poult. Qualitative results were analyzed by qui-square test. It was verified that the agent maintained feasible in eggshell during the hole incubation and migrated to egg components. Incubation parameters were not affected by the pathogen inoculated in eggshell. It was also observed that Salmonella Enteritidis inoculated in air cell determined early embryo mortality, while the control treatment influenced the mortality periods in relation with CCS. The intestinal colonization of Salmonella occurred in poults derived from eggshell experimental inoculation. In the second experiment, 135 poults derived from inoculation through eggshell and drinking water were evaluated by the effects of Salmonella Enteritidis to colonize the gastrointestinal tract, determine systemic infection, hurt the intestinal integrity and change the performance variables. At 10, 20 and 28 days, turkeys and feed were weighted to constitute calculation of performance variables. After weighage, five turkeys from each treatment were necropsied to obtain datas of weight and bacterial isolation of intestine, liver, spleen and heart. Qui-square test was employed to qualitative variables and the Anova procedure to quantitative variables and average compared by Tukey test (5%). The intestinal colonization increase significantly during early phase in treatment inoculate through eggshell, but none in treatment inoculated in drinking water. The intestine showed maximum development at 10 days and higher weight at first, 10th and 28th when Salmonella was present. The digestive and absorptive capacity was impaired in infected birds. Salmonella was capable of colonized gastrointestinal tract and established systemic infection. Mortality rate was high during first week of age, with less clinical signs or anatomopathological lesionsItem Inquéritos sorológicos em equídeos e aves silvestres para detecção de anticorpos anti-arbovírus de importância em saúde pública no Brasil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-12-06) ARAUJO, Francisco Anilton Alves; LINHARES, Guido Fontgalland Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6261928164195145; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467This study determined the prevalence of hemagglutination-inhibition antibodies against alphaviruses in horses during an epizootic event by Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus in the state of Paraiba, Brazil, in 2009 and compared the results between the techniques of hemagglutination inhibition and serum neutralization test in microplates. The results of15 arboviruses obtained from serological surveys on horses in Brazil from 2007 to , as well as the results for the arboviruses found in two serological surveys on wild birds in the state of Para, between 2007 and 2008 2009 were analyzed,. In Paraiba, blood was collected from 188 horses during other surveys of 4.402 animals and 544 wild birds. The material was tested by the hemagglutination inhibition technique, neutralization was performed in microplates aiming at virus isolation. In Paraíba, we obtained a true prevalence of 62.2% for Eastern Equine Encephalitis and hemagglutination inhibition test had 79.5% sensitivity and 87.3% specificity . In Brazil, the prevalence rate was 33.3% for arboviruses, 20.6% for flaviviruses, 14.1% for alphavirus and 10.1% for bunyavirus. In birds, the positivity was 28.4%, being 14.7% for alphaviruses, 9.5% for flaviviruses and 7.4% for bunyavirus. There was a high circulation of antibodies against Eastern Equine Encephalitis in inapparent-host animals and the hemagglutination inhibition test can be recommended as screening method. The other arboviruses surveyed were found in animals of the nine states with a significant difference in the prevalence from the motivation of the survey. Migratory birds have proved to be important amplifiers of these agents .Item Contribuição ao estudo epidemiológico da Leishmaniose Visceral Canina por técnicas diretas e indiretas no município de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-08-13) AZEVEDO, Elisa Maria Rennó; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; MOURA, Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8773201078957745; LINHARES, Guido Fontgalland Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6261928164195145Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a chronic zoonosis caused by a protozoan called Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi and has as vectors, the sandflies Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia cruzi. The domestic dog is the most important reservoir in urban areas considering the zoonotic disease form and is responsible for maintaining the parasite in endemic foci. Aiming to assist the Superintendent of Policies for Comprehensive Health Care / Health State Department of Goiás (Spais / SES-GO) and the Department of Zoonosis Control from Goiânia (GO-DCZ) in epidemiological surveillance of the disease, this work investigated possible cases of CVL by using laboratory analysis. For this study, dogs seen at the Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Goiás (HV / EV / UFG) with clinical suspicion of disease and symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs captured by DCZ-GO were analyzed. A total of 214 dogs were evaluated, and classified into three groups. Group 1 (GI): 33 dogs from DCZ with at least three clinical signs suggestive of LVC, Group 2 (GII): 141 clinically healthy dogs from DCZ and Group 3 (GIII): 40 dogs seen at the HV / EV / UFG with clinical suspicion of LVC. The frequency of animals classified as positive with different methods of diagnosis used in this study were: 5.6% (n = 12) in ELISA test, 9.35% (n = 20) in IFAT, 2.80% (n = 6) in the direct parasitological examination of skin imprints; 2.34% (n = 5) in direct parasitological examination of lymphonode, and 3.17% (n = 7) in PCR reactions of both the genderspecific protocol and the L. chagasi-specific. Considering the results and the conditions of the present study, it is concluded that there is casuistry in CVL series of symptomatic or asymptomatic dogs clinically attended in the city of Goiânia. The occurrence of Leishmania chagasi bearer dogs captured in the municipality of Goiânia were detected and the symptoms frequently observed in illness dogs carriers of L. chagasi in Goiânia are: conjunctivitis, lymphadenopathy, skin changes, cachexia and onychogryphosis.Item Ácidos orgânicos no controle de Salmonella Enteritidis em frangos de corte desafiados experimentalmente com Salmonella Enteritidis e Eimeria tenella(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-03-27) CALAÇA, Gracinda Mariana; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467; LEANDRO, Nadja Susana Mogyca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3136809931691012; CAFÉ, Marcos Barcellos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9860968235125158This experiment was carried out using 504 one-day-old Hubbard female chicks, in order to evaluate the effect of a mixture of organic acids added to the ration, on the control of Salmonella in birds experimentally confronted with S. enteritidis and S. enteritidis associated with Eimeria tenella. The birds were distributed following a totally randomized sequence in factorial way 3x2, added or not the organic acid to the ration and the presence of challenge with S. enteritidis and E. tenella, isolated S. enteritidis or without challenge at all, totalizing six treatments with six repetitions each one, using 14 birds by experimental unit. The statistic data was analyzed using the program SAS, adopted to compare the averages, the Tukey test (quantitative variables) and Kruskal-Wallis (qualitative variables) to p< 0,05. The birds that received organic acid enriched ration had improvement in the performance at 7, 21 and 28 days. The birds inoculated only with S. enteritidis and the birds inoculated with S. Enteritidis and E. tenella presented worse levels of zootecnic performance (p<0,05) at 21, 28 and 35 days of life. The spleen weight and the thin intestine and cecum pH were not influenced (p>0,05) by the addition of organic acids to the ration. All the treatments challenged with S. enteritidis and which received acids presented minor frequency of bacteria isolation in the analyzed organs. It was also observed a reduction on the number of oocists of E. tenella in the excretes and in the cecum content in the treatments which had organic acids, as well as reduction of intestinal damage scores caused by infection with E. tenella. The organic acids promoted improvement on the zootecnic performance on cut chicken, improving intestinal health with positive consequences on control of S. enteritidis together with Eimeria tenellaItem Chlamydophila spp.,Mycoplasma gallisepticum E Mycoplasma synoviae em psitacídeos (filo: Cordata, ordem: Psittaciformes) de diferentes cativeiros no estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-02-29) CARVALHO, Andréa de Moraes; LINHARES, Guido Fontgalland Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6261928164195145; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467The investigation of pathogens in wild animals can be considered an important tool for conservation of species and ecosystem. Chlamydiosis was first identified and is a common disease in psittacines. It is considered the most important zoonosis spread by these birds. Due to its infectious nature, this disease is studied all around the world. The mycoplasmosis is a common respiratory disease in pigeons, chickens and birds. However, parrots can be affected if they get in contact with the agent, and they can become a source of infection for the environment and for other birds. This study aimed to identify, through the polymerase chain reaction PCR technique, bacteria Chlamydophila spp., Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M. synoviae in captivity parrots in three different facilities in Goiás state: CETAS Centro de Triagem de AnimaisSilvestres, a conservation and a comercial captivity. The results were compared in order to determine wich facility is more perserved or contaminated by pathogens. For Chlamydophilaspp, CETAS facility showed 25.6% of positive samples, while the commercial captivity showed 26.4%, and the conservation captivity had no positive samples (0%). For the presence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum, CETAS presented 21.62% of positive samples, while the commercial and conservation captivity showed 15.7% and 14% of positive samples, respectively. M. synoviae was almost absent in CETAS (2.7%) and in conservation captivity (1.3%), and absent in commercial captivity (0%). The results found were compared using Fischer s exact test, where CETAS and commercial captivity were more infected than conservation captivity. The bacteria studied were present in different species of parrots, especially on the genera Ara, Aratinga and Amazonas. The presence of Chlamydophila and Mycoplasma sp. should be investigated in captive birds, since it reveals the presence of the agents in the population, allowing its control.Item Investigação epidemiológica de epizootia de febre amarela em primatas não-humanos em Goiás, no período de 2007 a 2010(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-30) DELFINO, Denizard André de Abreu; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; SOUZA, Aires Manoel de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2205630749435756; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467The objective of this study was to carry out and analyze the actions taken to control the yellow fever epizootic in non-human primates, recorded in November 2007 to March 2010 in Aparecida de Goiania, Goias Brazil. The primary epidemiological information on the disease was obtained from the Municipal Health Secretariat, by the local Center for Zoonosis Control. Data were analyzed from the outbreak reports. In A descriptive study, the control actions, such as blocking vaccine against yellow fever by the municipal health department and the evaluation of physical barriers to contain the virus, were verified. The inspection of 58 dead nonhuman primates, representing 100% of the animals found in the period previously mentioned, was used. From these, 34.48% (20/58) were able to have samples collected, according to the specifications of the Epizooty Handbook Of this amount (58), 27.59% (16/58) of monkeys were collected and3.45% (2/58) presented positivity for yellow fever virus. By evaluating the actions that contributed to the epidemiological assessment at the city, it is emphasized the occurrence of three deaths among genera and species of nonhuman primates, Alouatta caraya, Cebus apella and Callithrix spp, with the circulation of yellow fever virus in two cities with epidemiological distinct characteristics. The areas which showed the highest incidence of deaths of monkeys had also the greatest degree of urban growth, characterized by recent environmental changes and residual maintenance of natural areas.Item Neospora caninum: diagnóstico e caracterização genética em fetos de fêmeas zebuínas abatidas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-26) FERNANDES, Paula Rogério; LINHARES, Guido Fontgalland Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6261928164195145; BORGES, Lígia Miranda Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2591106734434348; SILVA, Andrea Caetano da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1432918585717355One of the main causes of reproductive failure in cattle is infection by the protozoan Neospora caninum (Phylum Apicomplexa, Family Sarcocystidae). The bovine neosporosis is characterized by an asymptomatic infection in the non pregnant cow; however, during pregnancy, the vertical transmission of the parasite is responsible for the maintenance of the infection for successive generations. The highest frequency of infection occurs in the dairy production system and in the intensive management of animal breeding, with most of the available data for N. caninum related to Bos taurus, even for beef cattle. Thus, the presence of N. caninum has been little studied in Bos indicus. In Goiás, the prevalence of N. caninum is 29.61% in beef cattle and 30.4% in dairy cattle. As the prevalence of infection in adults should have a positive correlation to the incidence of fetal infection, this study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of vertical transmission of N. caninum in zebuine fetuses of various ages, obtained from females slaughtered in a slaughterhouse in the municipality of Senador Canedo, Goiás. For that, the serological analysis of abdominal fluid and molecular and histopathological analysis in tissue samples (brain, heart and liver) were performed. The fetal age was estimated by the measurement of crown-rump length. A total of 195 fetal fluids was randomly collected and tested by IFAT with a cut-off point of 1:16. 585 tissue samples were submitted to nested-PCR analysis of ITS-1 rRNA region and to histopathology. The results were related to the fetal age (first, second and third stages of pregnancy). Anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected in 12 (6.15%) fetal fluids, with IFAT titers observed at 1:64 (n=1), 1:128 (n=2), 1:512 (n=3), 1:1024 (n=5) and 1:2048 (n=1). The presence of the parasite was detected by PCR in 40 (20.5%) fetuses. On histopathological examination, 82 (42.05%) fetuses had characteristic and consistent lesions, compatible with protozoan infection, characterized by encephalitis, myocarditis and hepatitis with mononuclear cell infiltrates, with or without necrosis. Comparing the different gestational ages, there was a greater number of positive reactions by IFAT, PCR and compatible histopathological lesions in the sixth and seventh month of pregnancy. From the total of 585 tissue samples examined, 56 were positive, being 12 at serology and 44 (35 brains, seven hearts and two livers) at PCR from 45 fetuses. In histopathology, 10 samples (three brains, six hearts and one liver) showed characteristic lesions of protozoan infection such as N. caninum. The DNA from six PCR positive fetuses was analyzed by microsatellite markers for genetic characterization of isolates of N. caninum, demonstrating the existence of genetic profiles different from other isolates of the world and of Brazil infecting zebuine animals. The results confirm the occurrence of vertical transmission of N. caninum, the diagnosis of infection in zebuine fetuses, the need of association of techniques for determining fetal neosporosis and characterization of different regional isolates circulating in zebu herd from Goiás.Item Caracterização química e biológica de feromônios de Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari: Ixodidae)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-13) GACHOKA, Kennedy Kiriira; FERRI, Pedro Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2129799749473005; SILVA, Andrea Caetano da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1432918585717355; BORGES, Lígia Miranda Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2591106734434348Amblyomma cajennense, commonly known as Cayenne tick, is a three-host tick widely distributed in Brazil and in the rest of Latin American countries. Owing to its low host specificity, it plays an important role in the transmission of pathogens in animals and man. Chemical communication is a vital component in tick biology whereby pheromones are largely responsible in the regulation of mating, recognition of sexual partner and copulation. By understanding the behaviour of A. cajennense and the pheromones involved, there exists practical possibility for the use of these substances as an additional method of control thereby reducing the use of acaricides. Based on this, the aims of this work were to quantify and elucidate behaviours induced by pheromones emitted by females A. cajennense as well as identify and characterize qualitatively and biologically the pheromone produced by males. Engorged females were collected from naturally-infested horses for the establishment of laboratory colonies for use in this study. The pheromones were obtained by extraction in hexane and sonication by ultra-sound of fed males and females. The female sex pheromone, 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP), was quantified by GC/MS using internal standard and standard addition methods through construction of calibration curves using 5-bromine-4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde and 2,6-DCP, respectively. The male extract was analysed chemically by GC/MS in comparison with standards. As concerns biological tests, glass beads were treated with two femaleequivalents of the female pheromone and 2,6-DCP in an equivalent concentration and exposed to males to observe the induced behaviour(s). Attraction to the male pheromone was evaluated by release of individual unfed, virgin females to three concentrations (1, 5 and 10 male-equivalents) of the extract in olfactometer bioassays. Orientations towards the odour source were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis and displacement angles by Circular Statistics. Aggregation was evaluated by releasing the tick stages in Petri dish bioassays shortly followed by introduction of filter paper strips impregnated with 10 male-equivalents of the extract and recording tick responses on camera. Data analysis was by Chi-square test. Tests for attachment were carried out in vivo in rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, and the released ticks observed in determined intervals between 20min and 24hrs. The data was analysed by Wilcoxon signed-ranked test and Friedman s repeated measures ANOVA. The results indicated that each female emits 2.15 ng ml-1 of pheromone on average. The male extract was positive for benzoic acid, nonanoic acid, salicylic acid, benzaldehyde, 2,6-DCP, limonene and methyl salicylate. The female extract and 2,6- DCP stimulated mounting in up to 80% and 73% of all cases, respectively, confirming that 2,6-DCP alone mediates mounting behaviour in A. cajennense. There was no statistically significant attraction or aggregation in males or females induced by the male pheromone. However, significantly faster and greater attachment was recorded in both. The behavioural responses corresponded with the pheromone s composition. It was concluded that the male pheromone promotes neither attraction nor aggregation but is responsible for faster fixation of A. cajennense adults. The pheromone also contains different proportions and differs from other Amblyomma species as far as the presence or absence of certain components is concerned. The results serve as a first step in advanced studies aimed at development of novel strategies for the management of this species using these pheromones.Item Aspectos epidemiológicos da infecção por leptospira spp em caninos urbanos de Araguaína, Tocantins, Brasil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-12-22) GALVÃO, Samara Rocha; FIORAVANTI, Maria Clorinda Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp, identify the most prevalent serovars and to assess possible factors associated with Antileptospire seroprevalence in urban dogs in Araguaina city,Tocantins state. A cross-sectional study covering the canine population residing in urban areas was conducted. Household collection of sera was performed by prior consent of the dog owners. The houses that were involved in the study were drawn previously it started. There were analyzed 275 samples at total. Samples were obtained through cephalic vein puncture, with a 25 x 7 needle and then transferred to 5 to 10 ml test tubes with gel separator sequentially centrifuged, cryopreserved and sent for laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis, at the Department of Veterinary Medicine at Federal University of Goiás Veterinary Medicine School (DMV / EV / UFG), which were processed by the microscopic agglutination test. In each household, a questionnaire was applied to obtain data on the possible associated factors that were analyzed by bivariate analysis. The leptospira seroprevalence detected was 13,8%, the most prevalent serovar was Castellonis (26.3%) and, Pyrogenes and Pomona, both with 10,5% of seropositive. The search for factors associated with infection by leptospira demonstrated statistically significant positive association between the variables season, rainy season (p = 0,03) and the location Sonhos Dourados (p = 0,02). The results showed that Araguaina city canine leptospirosis presents a different epidemiological profile of most Brazilian regions surveyed.Item Detecção de Enterobacteriaceae e Chlamydophila spp. em psitacídeos provenientes do centro de triagem de animais selvagens de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-26) HIDASI, Hilari Wanderley; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; LINHARES, Guido Fontgalland Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6261928164195145; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467The wild animal trafficking is the third largest illegal activity in the world, ranking only behind the trafficking of weapons and drugs. The birds are the animals most affected by the illegal trade. Besides damaging to biodiversity, trafficking can also pose risks to human health. A number of diseases can be transmitted and acquired by the birds, the most commonly detected in the bacterial etiology. Improper management, especially related to transportation and overcrowding, promotes increased susceptibility to infections of birds or even the activation of latent infection with subsequent spread of pathogens. For these reasons this study aimed to conduct research and determine the Enterobacteriaceae resistance of strains of Escherichia coli, as well as raising the frequency of Chlamydophila spp. of parrots seized in actions to combat trafficking of wild animals in Goiás, with proper authorization from the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA / GO). For this, 300 parrots in a period of one year were enrolled in the Screening Center of Wild Animals (CETAS), in Goiânia, Goiás, and underwent clinical and laboratory examinations. For Research Enterobacteriaceae were collected excreta from the bottom of cages, lined with aluminum foil and packed in ice for transport to the laboratory where they were examined by conventional bacteriological method. For the presence of Chlamydophila psittaci 300 cloacal swabs and 300 tracheids were collected and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We have identified the following excreta bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae: Escherichia coli, 172/300 (33.87%), Enterobacter spp. 153/300 (30.12%), Klebsiella spp. 89/300 (17, 73%), Citrobacter spp. 9 / 300 (11.71%), Proteus vulgaris 21/300 (4.23%), Providencia alcalifaciens 5 / 300 (0.98%), Serratia sp.5/300 (0.98%), Hafnia aivei 3 / 300 ( 0.59%) and Salmonella sp. 1 / 300 (0.19%). Escherichia coli isolates were tested using the sensitivity to antibiotics, which revealed: amoxicillin (10mg) (70.93%), ampicillin (10mg) (75.58%), ciprofloxacin (5μg) (69.76%), chloramphenicol (30μg) (33.14% ), doxycycline (30μg) (64.53%), enrofloxacin (5μg) (41.28%), tetracycline (30μg) (69.19%), sulfonamide (300μg) (71.51%) of antimicrobial resistance. Of samples, 11/300 (3.66%) were positive in PCR analysis for Chlamydophilla spp. The results suggest that parrots from illegal trade are potential backers of zoonotic agents, and also point to the possibility that wild birds would constitute support for transfer of resistant phenotypes of E. coli to the human microbiota and other animalsItem Parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos em matrizes suínas com e sem infecção urinária tatadas com ácido cítrico e cloreto de amônio(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-08-14) LOPES, Débora Vieira; SOBESTIANSKY, Jurij; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0995799988828810The urinary acidifiers as ammonium chloride and citric acid have been used in the treatment of urinary tract diseases. These illnesses lead to important losses to the brazilian and worldwide swine production. In the present work the hematological and biochemical parameters of sows getting citric acid and ammonium chloride in the food were evaluated. In the present study 48 animals were distributed into 6 groups: group sc-positive control, group nc-negative control, group sac-sows with urinary infection getting citric acid in the food, group sca-sows with urinary infection getting ammonium chloride in the food, nac-sows without urinary infection getting citric acid in the food and group ncasows without urinary infection getting chloride ammonium in the food. Significant differences were observed between the group of animals with urinary infection and the group of animals without urinary infection regarding the medium values of serum creatinine, hemoglobin, hematocrit and MCHC. The medium values of creatinine, hemoglobin and hematrocit were higher in the group of animals with urinary infection. The value of MCHC was higher in the group of animals without urinary infection. Regarding the different treatments, it was observed that the citric acid was able to increase the values of serum albumin in animals without urinary infection, to reduce the value of MCV and the white blood cells counting as well as it increased the value of MCHC in the group of animals with urinary infection and only the value of MCHC in this group was not according to the reference values. The ammonium chloride reduced significantly the values of hemoglobin and hematocrit in animals with and without urinary infection, as well as it reduced the MCV of animals with urinary infection, where the values were according to the reference values. The conclusion is that the presence of urinary infection changed the values of serum creatinine and that the use of citric acid and ammonium chloride didn t change significantly the hematological and biochemical parameters of sows with and without urinary infection.Item ASPECTOS DA ECOLOGIA QUÍMICA DE Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (ACARI: IXODIDAE) EM DUAS RAÇAS DE CÃES(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-08-15) LOULY, Carla Cristina Braz; BORGES, Lígia Miranda Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2591106734434348This study aimed to identify 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP) in Amblyomma cajennense and to evaluate its role in A. cajennense and Rhipicephalus sanguineus courtship. Hexanic extract from attractive females was purified by solid phase extraction and the phenol was identified by the single ion monitoring method using GC/MS. In an olfactometer, the responses of A. cajennense and R. sanguineus males to females, control rubber septa or rubber septa impregnated with 2,6-DCP at 50, 500, and 5000 ng, respectively, were studied. 2,6-DCP was identified in A. cajennense extract and the males oriented themselves toward the concentration of 500 ng. These septa and the females were recognized as copula partners. The septa treated with 2,6-DCP did not attract and were not even recognized by the R. sanguineus males, whereas the females were recognized. Due to the presence of 2,6-DCP in A. cajennense and the results of biological bioassays, it was concluded that this compound acts as an attractant and mounting sex pheromone in this tick, but it does not play any role in R. sanguineus courtship.Item Estudo da etiologia das principais bactérias isoladas de mastite bovina em rebanhos leiteiros de propriedades rurais de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-03-02) MARTINS, Juliana Dias; MESQUITA, Albenones José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3180029815183858; OLIVEIRA, Antonio Nonato de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8261502405023882; NICOLAU, Edmar Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601723963736071The bovine mastitis consists of an inflammation of the mammary gland, with acute to chronic evolution, which occurs when an infectious agent attacks the mammary gland. It is characterized by physical, chemical and sensory alterations of the milk, caused by microorganisms that invade the mammary gland and cause pathological changes in the glandular tissue. Mastitis can be classified according to the form of presentation as clinical or subclinical. Several symptoms are observed in the clinical form of the disease such as the secretion of milk with lumps, pus or watery aspect, and edemaciated stiff and febrile teats and udder. On the other hand, no symptoms can be observed in the mammary gland and milk in subclinical cases. Mastitis is a major cause of economic losses in dairy cattle farms, mainly due to reduced milk production, changes in the composition and increased somatic cell count (CCS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the main bacteria that cause (clinical and subclinical) bovine mastitis, and to check the sensitivity to various antimicrobial agents of clinical mastitis. The agents most frequently isolated from clinical mastitis were Streptococcus uberis and Staphylococcus aureus and the antibiogram demonstrated greater sensitivity and efficacy of the active principles linezolid, amikacin, gentamicin and imipenen regarding the isolated agents. In subclinical mastitis Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Staphylococcus sp. Were the agents most frequently identified and that determined the highest mean values of CCS. The average CCS of cows with subclinical mastitis was approximately 743 x 103 cs/mL. The study was conducted in eight dairy farms in the State of Goiás. The results were obtained by frequency analysis. In conclusion, that the results emphasize the importance of assessing the sensitivity profile of microorganisms that cause clinical mastitis in each herd studied allowing greater precision in medication prescription for future cases of clinical mastitis and for dry cow therapy. The use of other techniques such as real time PCR is also important for the detection of the main microorganisms causin subclinical mastitis, which can be indicated as a routine method, due to its specificity, providing a precise bacteriological diagnosis.Item Aspectos epidemiológicos da febre maculosa no município de Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brasil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-12-21) MARTINS, Márcio Eduardo Pereira; BORGES, Lígia Miranda Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2591106734434348; LINHARES, Guido Fontgalland Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6261928164195145; BRITO, Wilia Marta Elsner Diederichsen de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7605775995731168Rocky Mountain spotted fever (FM), a zoonosis transmitted to humans through the bite of ticks infected with Rickettsia spp. Especially R. rickettsii, emerged in the United States in the late 19th century, been taking place in Brazil in the mid 20th century. Since then, in Brazil the disease, initially diagnosed in São Paulo, became identified focally in some cities, getting to the end of the 20th century restricted states in the Southeast. Already at the beginning of the 21st century FM was first identified in Southern states, focusing in Santa Catarina and also, occasionally, been observed in rare cases that occurred in states in other regions of the country: State Federal, Bahia, Rondônia and Amapá. Given the above, and aiming to collaborate with the service of Epidemiology in Goias, this unprecedented study throughout the Midwest Region, proposes and creates conditions for the first milestone for the monitoring of FM in this State, by means of serological screening with indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) in sera of animals and humans, in addition to the research of tick vectors. This study took place in the city of Quirinópolis-GO, and despite not having been detected in the chain reaction polymerase (PCR), ticks infected with Rickettsia spp., the principal vector of FM in Brazil, the tick Amblyomma cajennense, was observed. In previous pilot study conducted in February 2007 in Quirinópolis-GO, serology by IFAT reagents detected in 25% (7 / 28) of humans in a group of individuals cohabiting with a suspected case of FM, which was notified to the Ministry of Health (MOH) of Brazil in 2006, and in 0% (0 / 5) of dogs and 28.6% (12/42) of horses from 3 rural property where the suspect case was before the manifestation of signs of illness. There were two horses positive sera in these three farms. Unable to trace the likely source of infection, but the findings here obtained allowed to suspect that the suspected case of FM has been in one of these two farms the likely source of antigenic contact with bacteria or micro-FM group antigenically similar. Already in scale epidemiological study horses, held in March 2007 on 20 farms, found the prevalence of positive sera of 11.6% (39/335) among horses and the frequency of seropositive 36.6% (15/41 ) between the human and 16.7% (2 / 12) among the dogs from these properties to create horses. Humans here tested HIV positive were asymptomatic for FM at the time of sample collection. It was concluded that the FM, or antigenically similar disease, may be occurring in the State of Goiás, in the City of QuirinópolisItem ISOLAMENTO DE NEOSPORA CANINUM DE BOVINOS E CARACTERIZAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DE ISOLADOS EM CAMUNDONGOS BALB/c(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-08-14) MELO, Débora Pereira Garcia; SILVA, Andrea Caetano da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1432918585717355The objective of this work was to obtain new isolates of N. caninum and characterize the same pathogenically. In Nerópolis (Goiás, Brazil), two Holstein-Friesian male calves, aged four months, positive for indirect immunoflourescence for Neospora with a titre of 1:400 and 1:800 were utilized for the isolation. Two new isolates, NC- Goiás 1 and NC-Goiás 2, were obtained. NC-Goiás 2 was discarded, however, due to fungal contamination. In addition to characterization of isolate NC-Goiás 1, pathogenic characterizations were done for six Spanish isolates in female mice of the lineage Balb/c. Symptomatology and mortality caused by the isolates, parasitaemia, detection of parasite DNA in the brain and lungs were verified, as well as parasite load in the brain throughout the experiment. Further, the development of humoral immune response of the animals was verified. Statistical analysis was carried analysing the effect of isolate and the infection phase. Differences between percentages encountered through nested-PCR were analysed using the Chi-square test. When significant differences were observed (P<0,05), the groups were compared two by two. The difference between parasite loads, optical density values for IgG1, IgG2a and the relation IgG1/IgG2a between the isolates were analysed by the Kruskal-Wallis test. When statistically significant differences were observed (P<0,05), the groups were compared two by two using the Mann-Whitney U test. In blood and lungs, the parasite was detected mainly in the acute phase (P<0,05). The DNA of N. caninum was also detected in the brain mainly in the chronic phase (P<0,05). On comparing parasite loads between isolates, statistically significant differences were observed between them in the chronic phase (P< 0,05). Antibodies of class IgG1 and IgG2a were detected starting from day 16 P.I. and 4 P.I. respectively, increasing gradually and remaining high until day 64 P.I. An analysis of the relation IgG1/IgG2a demonstrated predominance of IgG2a on day 8 e 16 P.I. and highest levels of IgG1 were detected on day 32 and 64 P.I. The isolate NC-Goiás 1 is the first isolate obtained in Goiás and the first obtained from an infected calf, though clinically healthy, reported from South América. These results are the first of a study of the diversity of the protozoon, N. caninum, and indicate that these isolates are of low pathogenicity in mice as compared with other known isolatesItem Fonte de infecção e do perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos de Salmonella sp. isoladas de granjas de frango de corte(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-03-26) MORAES, Dunya Mara Cardoso; NUNES, Iolanda Aparecida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2555738917312914; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467The objective of this research to investigate the presence of Salmonella sp. in raw materials of animal origin used in the manufacture of feed for broilers, in diets collected directly from bird feeders, and in organs ceca contents and liners carry case for newly hatched chicks, in environmental samples, in samples from swabs of the hands of officials of the farm and slaughterhouse samples and classify and determine the resistance of strains of Salmonella sp. found, before the action of chemotherapeutic nine. For data analysis was descriptive frequency results. 1200 samples were collected from flour and Salmonella sp. was found in 10.5% of samples with a predominance of serovar Enteritidis. The frequency of bacteria in meat meal was 12%, 6.8% in blood, the feathers of 4.3% and 14.6% in the viscera. Were also isolated Salmonella Cerro, Salmonella Montevideo, Salmonella anatum, Salmonella Tennessee, and Salmonella typhimurium among others. Regarding the resistance of strains found in the various categories of flour was observed resistance to sulfonamides, neomycin, tetracycline, sulphamethoxazole-to trimetopim and florfenicol. Of the three strains of bacteria isolated from two diets were of a Salmonella enteritidis and S. Anatum, showing resistance to sulfonamides and neomycin. Of the 32 batches of newly hatched chicks 9.4% were positive for Salmonella and 32 batches of liners carrying case 9.4%. Environmental samples, before bed accommodation, swabs of feeder and drinker and the drinking water of birds tested negative for Salmonella sp .. Drag swabs of poultry manure, and samples Alphitobius diaperinus swabs from the hands of officials of the farms had a frequency of 12.5%, 12.5% and 6.5% respectively. In samples from swabs of drag serovar Enteritidis was the most frequent and catfishes of the samples and swabs of hands was the only serovar isolated. In samples from slaughterhouse 26.7% of the lots from crop and 33.3% of batches of ceca were positive for Salmonella sp .. Regarding the resistance of strains, there was resistance sulfonamides, the amoxicillin and enrofloxacin in samples of newly hatched chicks and amoxicillin in the samples of liners carrying case. In drag swabs and samples of catfishes, the bacteria were resistant to sulfonamides. In samples from crop, were resistant to sulfonamide and enrofloxacin and the caeca to sulfonamides, the trimetopim-sulphamethoxazole, tetracycline, amoxicillin and ampicillin to.Item Aspectos epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral canina nas regiões administrativas Lago Norte e Sobradinho II do Distrito Federal - DF(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-08-31) NASCIMENTO, Geovani San Miguel; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467This study aimed to determine the prevalence and epidemiological aspects of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Lago Norte and Sobradinho II, administrative regions of the Federal District. Census surveys were conducted in four localities of the Federal District where the data were collected and blood sampled from 5,551 dogs in Lago Norte and from 272 dogs in Varjão and from 836 dogs from Bananal and Engenho Velho communities in Sobradinho II. We evaluated age, sex, breed, presence of clinical signs, wooded homes, the presence of the garden, organic material, home situation and the presence of chicken in the properties. The sera samples were submitted to indirect immunofluorescence test (IFA), and samples with reagent titers greater than or equal to 1:40 were considered positive. Prevalences of 6.66% (17/255), 13.13% (44/335), 15.40% (61/396) and 22.32% (1013/4538), were found in Varjão, Engenho Velho, Bananal and Lago Norte. Regarding age, 10.90% (70/643) were aged up to one year, considered a young population, 22.40% (619/2763) were at one to six years of age, considered as a middle-aged population, and 24.00% (297/1236) were older than six years of age, corresponding to old animals. Regarding the presence or absence of clinical signs, 30.31% (238/785) had some clinical changes and 18.61% (846/4544) showed no clinical changes. One can conclude that this canine visceral leishmanias is distributed in different regions of the Federal District being the location, the age and the presence of clinical changes the highest risk factors The knowledge gained on the prevalence of leishmaniasis in dogs will allow the establishment of effective strategies for control actions.Item Micoplasmose em bovinos de aptidão leiteira: fatores predisponentes para a ocorrência e manifestação da síndrome vulvovaginite granular(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-12-11) NASCIMENTO-ROCHA, Josefa Moreira do; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467; OLIVEIRA, Jaison Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7342298421214478; MEIRINHOS, Maria Lúcia Gambarini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4440003524956701The reduction of reproductive rates is measured by the reduction in the number of calves born that immediately reflected in the reduction of milk production and profitability of commercial property. The effect is the increased administrative costs of maintenance with dry cows, higher rates of rejection and a higher number of doses of semen for conception. Parameters related to the level of hygiene of the udder and the milking system and environmental criteria as the overall control on the suction pressure of the milking, the ventilation system for livestock and hygiene in the milking parlor, contribute to the satisfaction of the control of pathogens transmissible among livestock. Study on monitoring the herd showed that the time of calving interval increases significantly in the first lactation cows with vaginitis, but the injury was not associated with cases of voluntary discharge. Research on the likelihood of introduction of infectious agents into herds free of the disease found that the significant risk factors for this spread were related to the return of animals that were removed for marketing, proximity between pastures of different properties and especially the clothing of a veterinarian or visitors. When analyzing the risk factors for the occurrence of a disease the causative factors are considered. Regression analysis to identify risk factors usually consider the multifactorial effects and outcome. The identification of the risk factor is to compare the pattern of distribution of the dependent variables between the levels of occurrence of the disease. Infections with mycoplasma (Mollicutes) in farm animals, have historical importance and continuing today interfering with livestock productivity. The M. Canadense is still little known in the pathological processes of reproduction. The M. bovis is highly adapted to cattle, however has been isolated in samples of buffalo, small ruminants and humans. The M. bovigenitalium was related to diseases of the reproductive system for more than three decades and was considered as the primary agent of vaginitis. The granular vulvitis sponsored by the U. diversum was demonstrated both in animals vaccinated as in unvaccinated. The agent has to interact with cellular factors, the ability to bind to the surface membrane of the host and even biological mechanisms to escape immune response submitted by host.Young animals and adults are susceptible. Transmission is by the introduction of carrier animals, semen and contact with infected genital secretions of infected animalsItem Aspectos físico-químicos e microbiológicos da urina, pH e consistência das fezes de matrizes suínas suplementadas com ácido cítrico e cloreto de amônio(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-19) OLIVEIRA, Fábio Henrique de; SOBESTIANSKY, Jurij; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0995799988828810; STRINGHINI, José Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505634095383289; NUNES, Romão da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4335133347523404Urinary infection is a multifactorial disease, very common in swine herds worldwide, is considered a major cause of reproductive failure that adversely affect the productivity levels of swine. In control of this infection has been frequently used acidifiers the urine. The present study was to evaluate the action of two acidifying, citric acid and ammonium chloride, used to control urinary tract infection, on the physico-chemical and microbiological tests of urine, pH, color and consistency of the feces of swine females in production. We used 48 pregnant females divided into six groups: control (-): females without urinary infection; control (+): females with infection, acid (-): females without infection receiving citric acid, acid (+): infected females receiving citric acid, chloride (-): females without infection receiving ammonium chloride, chloride (+): females with infection receiving ammonium chloride. Were collected samples of urine and feces on days zero, seven and 15 of treatment to perform on the physical-chemical and microbiological analysis. The urinary variables studied were: color, odor, pH, density, protein, sediment and bacterial count. The feces samples were evaluated for pH, color and consistency. The results showed that ammonium chloride was able to reduce the urinary pH, but did not affect the other urinary parameters. Since citric acid showed effect on the color of the urine with a tendency to yellow. The citric acid reduced the bacteriology count. The two acidifiers didn t can reduce the bacterial count, demonstrating that they did not have a bactericidal or bacteriostatic action. The pH of feces increased after supplementation with citric acid and ammonium chloride