Condições atuais de políticas de cidade inteligente no Brasil em comparação a cidades estrangeiras

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and compare the propositions of the Bill nº 976 of 2021 (Projeto de Lei) to policies and practices implemented nationally and internationally, highlighting similarities and differences, in order to determine whether they are congruent with such practices and whether they have the potential to enable Brazilian cities to implement smart cities in Brazil. To this end, it seeks to characterize the current state of implementation of smart city policies in Brazil and around the world, through the analysis of a sample of cities that are considered “smart” internationally. Furthermore, it aims to characterize the so called Smart Cities, exposing its historical and theoretical origins, as well as analyze the urban management and governance model currently employed in Brazil. Through documental research as well as archive survey, information regarding the cities of Chicago, New York, Copenhagen, Zurich, Dubai and Singapore was gathered; as well as information regarding the Brazilian cities of Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro ˜ and Bras´ılia. The data was divided into 3 different categories: Smart City Infrastructure, Smart City Governance Practices and Smart City Operational Management Practices, being later organized into comparative tables, that aim to illustrate the similarities and differences between the implemented resources and policies devised for each city. Also, adherent bills, laws and regulations for each city and the context in which they are set was gathered and analysed. After analysis of the data, it was concluded that the infrastructure has precedence over governance policies and urban mangement practices; it was also observed the non-importance of the existence of lack therof of legislation regarding Smart Cities for the development of these three key aspects in the cities of the analised sample. Based on these results, the text of the 976/2021 Bill was revised, and suggestions for alterations in the text and guidelines for the successful implementation of the Smart City management model in brazilian metropolises were devised, in the context of the National Smart City Policy (NSCP) elaboration.