Mestrado em Geografia (IESA)
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Item A influência da estrutura urbana e dos fatores geoambientais no clima urbano de Ituiutaba-MG(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-05) Foli, Ana Cristina Araújo; Luiz, Gislaine Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310433384519387; Luiz, Gislaine Cristina; Nascimento, Tarley Ferreira; Costa, Rildo AparecidoLa investigación presentada aquí fue desarrollada en la ciudad de Ituiutaba-MG con el objetivo de analizar la influencia de los factores geoambientales (relieve, altitud, orientación de la pendiente y vegetación, uso de la tierra y ocupación) y estructurales urbanos (impermebealización, patrón de construcción, espacios libres/construidos, flujo de vehículos) en las variaciones climáticas de la ciudad, para identificar la formación de islas de calor urbanas, considerando el año 2019. A partir de la teoría propuesta por Monteiro (1976) y la metodologia desarrollada por Mendonça (1994), se adoptó el método de transectos móviles, que consiste en la demarcación de puntos repartidos por el sitio urbano para el levantamiento in situ de datos de temperatura y humedad relativa. Por lo tanto, se definieron 10 puntos de recolección en la dirección sur-norte y 7 puntos en la dirección este-oeste, además de elegir 4 puntos fijos fuera de la ruta de transectos móviles para ayudar en la triangulación de datos en la red urbana. El trabajo de campo se llevó a cabo en los meses de enero y julio de 2019 para recopilar datos in situ, además de realizar encuestas de datos secundários (temperatura, humedad relativa, presión atmosférica, precipitación, velocidad y dirección del viento) registrados por la Estación Automática ubicada en Ituiutaba, desde el sitio web del Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia – INMET. Del sitio web de la Marinha do Brasil, se obtuvieron los cuadros sinópticos utilizados para el análisis de los tipos de clima que operan en diferentes momentos durante el desarrollo de esta investigación, junto con datos meteorológicos. También se utlizaron imágenes de satélite, específicamente del GOES-16, canal 13, banda térmica IV refiriéndose a la temperatura de la parte superior de las nubes, y al canal 08, refiriéndose al vapor de agua a niveles altos, disponible em el sitio web del INMET. Después de agregar esta información, se crearon gráficos de análisis rítmica utilizando el software libre Gnuplot, que apoyó la interpretación de la dinámica atmosférica activa em los períodos analizados. Como método comparativo, el uso del software ArcGis® permitió la elaboración de cartogramas de valores asignados al campo termohigrométrico, para verificar la espacialización de los datos mediante interpolación y representación espacial. La espacialización de los datos se elaboró em base al método espacial llamado Krigagem. Esta investigación permitió comprender la variación espacial y temporal de los atributos de temperatura y humedad relativa del aire, donde el aspecto de estacionalidad se evidenció claramente, corroborado por el rendimiento de mEc em verano y por mPa em invierno. Considerando las distribuiciones espacio-temporales y los análisis diários de los valores termohigrométricos, se entendió que las caracteristicas locales de cada punto, como la densidad y el patrón de construcción, el uso de la tierra y a ocupación, la densidad de la vegetación arbórea y orientación de la pendiente fueron los elementos más evidentes em las variaciones de los elementos climáticos, por lo tanto, la infuencia de los factores geoambientales fue menos significativa en comparación con los factores estruturales urbanos. Los espacios intraurbanos no siempre mostraron altas temperaturas em comparación con los lugares cercanos al campo, principalmente de noche, que presenta mejores condiciones para el fenómeno de inversión térmica. Por lo tanto, no es posible afirmar que el clima de Ituiutaba presenta condiciones específicas para la formación de islas de calor urbanas, sin embargo, tiene tendência a calentarse en ambientes más urbanizados.Item Práticas espaciais e ensino de Geografia: uma proposta de sequência didática com alunos da EAJA(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-04-29) Gomes, Rodrigo Rodrigues Freire; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8827112569170294; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Richter, Denis; Oliveira, Karla Anyelly Teixeira deThis research aims to analyze the spatial practices of students of EAJA in Goiânia and its potential relationship with the teaching of Geography, with students in two municipal schools that offer this type of teaching. To contemplate the objective, the research aims to answer the following problem: Considering the context of EAJA together with the profile of its students, how do students' spatial practices contribute to a meaningful Geography Teaching that is linked to their daily realities? In this sense, spatial practices, from readings and references about the concept, can be understood as the trajectories and routines that subjects perform daily in their daily lives and the ways that they structure themselves in space to survive. In this way, the routines and everyday practices of EAJA students are marked by a struggle for survival, in which these students experience, transit and wander through various landscapes contained in the urban space, that result in the multiplicity of visions, concepts, problems and contradictions about the city in which they live. These aspects are crucial to think how Geography Teaching, linked to the thematic city, can collaborate to contemplate the spatial practices of these students, articulating to them a critical, problematizing and integrated knowledge about the elements they encounter daily in their living spaces. To carry out the referred research, the participant research methodology was used. In view of that, the Pedagogical Political Project was analyzed, which is prepared by the Municipal Department of Education, in the area of Geography, and this document guides the forwarding of the teaching-learning process to this teaching modality. There was also a reading of the annual Geography planning for the 2019 academic year of the two teachers from the research field schools. The observation of Geography classes held in all EAJA series was intended to experience and understand the whole dynamics of Geography teaching in this teaching modality, observing the contents covered and the student-teacher relationship during classes; in these schools, informal conversations with teachers were also targets of analysis. In addition, some questionnaires were applied. The first had the objective of analyzing the socioeconomic profile of the students of the two EAJA field schools. The second aimed to understand the students' spatial practices, in order to systematize and transform into content to be worked on in a didactic sequence model, as proposed by Cavalcanti (2013). Finally, to summarize the activities carried out, an activity was applied in order to ascertain the students' views after the intervention moments carried out with them. In general terms, after the activities carried out, it is considered essential to work on the spatial practices of students in the classroom, because it gives them the opportunity to have a more scientific understanding of the dilemmas, problems and contradictions that they experience and encounter within the city. This finding comes from the students 'reaction and behavior towards the activities carried out, which in general, it was noticed that a content linked to the students' reality promotes better participation and learning by the students, when there is a wide discussion of the space lived by they.Item Análise comparativa entre o modelo de fragilidade ambiental urbana e o modelo de vulnerabilidade natural à perda de solo na bacia do ribeirão Anicuns, Goiânia-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-07-10) Lucena, Igor Brandão de; Luiz, Gislaine Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310433384519387; Lima, Claudia Valéria de; Barbosa, Gustavo Rodrigues; Luiz, Gislaine CristinaThis paper presents a comparative analysis of the natural predisposition of land to erosive processes and soil loss, based on the application of two methodological models used in environmental fragility and environmental vulnerability studies in the same area, Anicuns river basin, Goiânia-GO. The application of these empirical models resulted in the creation of two different mappings, which were analyzed and compared to each other. The first methodological model, Urban Environmental Fragility bases on slope classes. The second empirical model, Natural Vulnerability to Soil Loss bases on Basics Territorial Units. The cartographic representations derived from the application of the empirical models allow the identification, hierarchy and analysis of areas according to the different levels of susceptibility to erosive processes, constituting on guiding tools in the process of territorial zoning of hydrographic basins, being able to subsidize the strategic environmental planning. Analyzing the final products, despite the differences between the methodologies, regarding the adoption of the variables and the results related to the information plans, the summary maps presented similarities regarding the final classification, being the correlation between them considered as very strong.Item Modernização da mineração em Goiás e os efeitos territoriais da Orinoco Gold Limited no municípo de Faina/GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-06-03) Oliveira, Edgar da Silva; Lima, Leandro Oliveira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9322069869687533; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2930978785634948; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; Lima, Leandro Oliveira de; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Chaves, Manoel RodriguesIn the last decades of the twentieth century, the world's strongest population growth has increased the demand for natural resources in general and mineral resources specifically. In this context, Brazil has placed itself as one of the largest exporters of minerals in the world. In the same period the State of Goiás developed a whole techno-structure to reuse the mining areas from the 18th and 19th centuries and expand the range of exploited minerals in its territory. In this research we started from the hypothesis that the constitution of METAGO represented a paradigm shift for mining in Goiás that we call modernization. Considering that it is not only a change in the technique, but the implementation of a new productive logic from the changes in the position of the State. We also sought to perform a critical analysis of the territorial effects of Orinoco Gold Limited in the Municipality of Faina-GO. The first chapter entitled: Mining in Goiás-Tocantins and the constitution of Metais de Goiás S.A., aims to characterize and analyze the auriferous exploration that occurred in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in the territory of Goiano-tocantinense. The chapter also brings how Metais de Goiás S.A. contributed to the resumption of mining in the Goiano-tocantinense territory and, therefore, in the Fainense territory in the 20th century. The second chapter entitled: Geography, Nature and Mining: theoretical and methodological aspects, seeks to demonstrate, from a geographical reading, how social changes affect the relationship between society and nature, on the global and local scales, as well as to trace the evolution of the Brazilian legal-administrative body, focused on the mining sector, and its territorial effects (socioenvironmental). The third chapter: The Municipality of Faina-GO and the territorialisation of the mining company Orioco Gold Limited, brings the history of the territorial formation of the municipality. It also presents an analysis of the data obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics regarding Faina/GO, its most recent experiences with mineral exploration, as well as the results of data obtained in the field.Item Marca d'água o ser e o existir do rural no espaço metropolitano de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-05-31) Oliveira, Ubiratan Francisco; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1038300875963340; Barreira, Celene Cunha Monteiro Antunes; Soares, Beatriz Ribeiro; Chaveiro, Eguimar FelícioThis research work focuses on the process of Goiânia metropolization having as object of analysis the rural in the city. The way that Goiânia was projected in the design of "City-Garden" brought from Europe in the early 20th century, by Architect Planner Atilius Corrêa Lima, expresses well the city's relationship with the countryside. Goiânia, a planned city under the aegis of modernity, occupied originally by the territory's agrarian society, the rural tradition of Goias his subjects, culture, way of being and acting of country man from Brazilian Cerrado (?). The design of City-Garden sought rapprochement of the field with city, rural livelihoods and urban to justify the creation of a city full of signs of modernity, advancement and progress that would provide the order of "isolation" of Goiás in relation to urban industrial society of Southeast Brazil. Thus, Goiânia should, at the same time, expressing his strong relationship with the field, but also, paradoxically, denying the rural way of life which is subjecting the inhabitants of Goiás. Rural and urban shall be more than spatial dichotomies to become socioeconomic dichotomies, the place of the "backwardness and stagnation" should be replaced by the place of the "advancement" and of the economic and social progress. This conflict materializes the hegemony of industrial capitalism on the territory of Goias and Goiânia is the hallmark of this hegemony. The symbol of modernity which arrives at the Center-Western Brazil to open the doors to progress. However, the process of metropolization took place quickly and provided a "disconnect" between time, space and subject. With significant structural changes in the rural space that they entered subject to urban life time slow quick time, had as a consequence the emergence of a metropolis with its urban fabric of loaded free that express the existence of rural in the city. This Rural, manifested in the form, the structure and function of these spaces in the city having as an agent of incorporation the rural subject with his technique and strength that characterize as workers and rural workers in the social division of labour. The relationship of rural with Goiânia and Goiânia with the peculiar form of rural and that needs a watchful as a look needed to see a stamp watermark that sometimes needs of body contact and tact to be unveiled. We thus contribute to the debate over relations city-countryside, urban-rural and city-rural and urban-field seeking to understand the social phenomena of "new rural" and new "ruralidades" in contemporary society.Item Rede hidrográfica: a abordagem de um componente físico-natural no ensino de Geografia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-06-05) Otto, Camylla Silva; Morais, Eliana Marta Barbosa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3615558165803518; Morais, Eliana Marta Barbosa de; Cavalcanti, Lana de Souza; Ascenção, Valéria de Oliveira RoqueWater as a natural element of geographical space is a widely discussed topic, mainly due to urban issues experienced by society in recent years. One of these issues is the unequal appropriation of space stemming from economic and political factors, among others, an example of which is the presence of constructions near watercourses. These watercourses, viewed as part of drainage systems and of processes of land use and occupation in drainage basins, have a particular dynamic which is altered in such settings, a process that generates various types of impact in urban areas. This scenario calls for research on watercourses to be carried out, particularly with regard to geography education and the important role of teachers in mobilising this knowledge in the classroom. In Geography, one of the topics related to watercourses is that of drainage systems. Therefore, considering that one of the roles of schoolbased Geography is to foster students’ citizenship, the following questions need to be made: what is teachers’ knowledge about this particular topic? How do they apply such knowledge in their classes? How can schools promote citizenship when addressing drainage systems? By contending that a drainage system is a environment where water is represented in the hydrologic cycle, this study analyses it from the standpoint of a drainage basin, at the intersection of physical-natural components of geographical space. The central aim is to understand how teachers’ knowledge of these geographical terms affects the ways they address drainage systems in the Geography classroom. Specific aims include: (a) analysing personal concepts held by Geography teachers from the Municipal Education Network of Caldas Novas, Goiás state, who teach drainage systems in their classrooms; (b) investigating teaching strategies outlined in teaching materials (school curricula and textbooks) used; (c) proposing theoretical and methodological frameworks which may help Geography teachers in elementary education to view drainage systems as useful tools in understanding spatiality in Caldas Novas. The methodological framework selected was that of qualitative (state-of-the-art) research, which entailed the use of bibliographic research, documentary analysis (curricula, textbooks, brochures, and travel guides), semi-structured interviews, and a workshop. Results indicate that drainage systems do not feature prominently in school curricula, textbooks or in some research studies, all of them materials which focus on water as their main analytical concept. In them, water is basically viewed as a natural resource, which overlooks the relationship between society and nature. Moreover, the discussion on challenges facing teachers in their daily work (particularly during the workshop) played a major role in revealing types of knowledge that make it possible for teachers to apply creativity and autonomy to teaching in order to make geographic learning meaningful to students. To achieve this, it is important that teachers’ knowledge be grounded on didactic knowledge of geographical content and that physical-natural components are linked to an understanding of Geography as a field with geographical space as its object of study and with nature and the environment as its structuring concepts, both of which this study addresses in detail. Such knowledge enables teachers to think and act geographically, which will reflect on students’ learning. This study, therefore, subscribes to the idea that drainage systems constitute a geographical topic that enhances understanding of physical-natural components within school-based Geography.Item As dinâmicas socioespaciais no garimpo de esmeraldas em Campos Verdes/GO - (1981 a 2017)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-05-07) Padua, Wilian Ribeiro de; Arrais, Tadeu Pereira Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7443664433085838; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2930978785634948; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Barbosa, Fábio Macedo TristãoThe research developed in the Post-graduation Program Stricto Sensu in Geography of the Socioenvironmental Studies Institute of Federal University of Goiás aims to understand the sociospacial dynamics of an emerald mining in Campos Verdes/GO. The methodology we used is based on a quantitative survey divided in: bibliographical review (books, theses, dissertations and articles) of authors who approach inherent topics to this research, and also documental survey such as reports, maps and opinions from Research Corporation of Mineral Resources, which, even being official, were not public shared, remaining restrict to the library of the Regional Superintendency of Goiânia. We also used field work to make contacts, create relationships, obtain data and information with people and, thus, achieve better comprehension of the scenario. The study of the triad mining, urbanization and economy is not recent. In relation to Brazil we can date back to the gold cycle, when mining was essential to the beginning of the urban area, allowing urbanizing places never imagined, but which were discovered and inhabited by the colonial population, thanks to mining. Nowadays, the activity is developed in minings similar to the gold cycle, but, fundamentally, by big mineral enterprises. Clark (1982) assures that the interest of Geography in studying urban areas is more or less related to how these areas developed over the years. Campos Verdes/GO fits in the list of cities that were born in focus and its development was dynamic. The city is in the middle of the Cerrado Goiano with around 47,000 permanet habitants and estimated 100,000 floating population. For some years Campos Verdes/GO was consider the world's biggest emerald producer. All this human mobility created a complex society without a defined identity. The emerald is not something produced by men, it is something natural that incorporates the work from the discovery and benefit of it. The city and society of Campos Verdes/GO exist based on mining, a hard, dangerous and, several times, ungrateful work. But the dream of a better life made thes workers ignore all the challenges and move on. The workers who "created" a city and later a settlement, didn't do it because it was their purpose, they did it because they were "induced" by the capital's mobility to go through unimagined paths. Thus, they left behind the life references they had and started creating new ones. In the end, the perspectives of the city of Campos Verdes/GO diverge when speaking of the municipal power and the people, while the first fuss about the profit of mining, the society can't see this benefit. This way, it is necessary and urgent to create mechanisms for this society to keep surviving not only thinking about mining but also in how to do it.Item As práticas espaciais cotidianas na cidade de Goiânia como referência para o ensino de Geografia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-04-20) Pinheiro, Tiago Felis; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1374656969635983; Souza, Vanilton Camilo de; Paula, Flavia Maria de Assis; Alves, Adriana Olívia SpositoThis research is consubstantiated in understanding how the daily spatial practices of students in the city, can be appropriated by the Geography teacher to teach the diverse geographic contents, in the second stage of Elementary Education. The general objective of the research is to understand how the teaching of Geography takes place in the classroom, having as reference the daily spatial practices in the city, of the students of the final years of Elementary School, from the municipal education network of Goiânia - GO. For this, it was necessary to achieve the following specific objectives: (i) to characterize the contents in which the teacher had reference to the practices of students in the city when teaching Geography; (ii) analyze the extent to which the contents covered and the daily practices of students in the city have enhanced the teaching and learning of Geography; (iii) to identify the methodologies developed by the teachers to think geographically the phenomena in the classroom, having as reference the daily practices of the students in the city; (iv) to evaluate the potential of teaching Geography, taking daily practices as a reference, allowing students to understand the space geographically. For this, we used the qualitative research methodology in education, of the participant type, applying as a data collection instrument, the participant observation of classes, of Geography teachers. That said, initially we propose to know research already carried out or in progress on themes that involve daily practices and teaching Geography. We seek to think about the conceptions of Everyday Practices in the city, Geography Teaching, Geographical Contents and Didactic Mediation, in order to outline the method and conceptions that would be defended here. From there, we developed the field activity, following dozens of classes from the teachers - subjects of the research, to then treat the data from the observation, trying to dialogue with researchers considered as references in the fields of knowledge discussed here. In the final analyzes, we understand that, in fact, whenever Geography teachers intentionally appropriated students' daily spatial practices, as a mediating action for learning, the construction of geographic thinking proved to be significant.