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Item Contabilidade ambiental: diagnóstico e evidenciação da sustentabilidade da cadeia produtiva da avicultura de corte(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-12-04) Rodrigues, Valquíria Duarte Vieira; Rosa, Fabricia Silva da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5460513027485956; Wander, Alcido Elenor; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8250997651281553; Fabricia Silva da; Wander, Alcido Elenor; Rosa, Fabricia Silva da; Cunha, Cleyzer Adrian da; Calil, Francine Neves; Binotto, ErlaineThis study aimed to investigate how environmental accounting contributes to the process of diagnosing and highlighting the sustainability of the poultry production chain in Goiás. To this end, it analyzed information of a descriptive and quantitative nature regarding forestry management practices; waste generation; water resources; energy and greenhouse gas emissions; environmental management and accounting. To this end, thirteen business organizations and 230 integrated farms with a total of 816 poultry farms that make up the poultry farming chain were investigated. These are in 43 municipalities in the state of Goiás, Brazil. The study is structured into four Articles: the first carried out a systematic literature review on Environmental Management Accounting (EMA). To this end, a search was carried out for scientific articles published from 2016 to 2022 on the CAPES Portal. The methodology adopted was the Methodi Ordinatio (MO), which enables a systematic review of the literature and construction of the state of the art. Thus, the absence of a theoretical and methodological alignment used in the application of the EMA system was identified. The use of EMA ranges from the assessment of local impacts, economic-financial performance, verification of the level of development of environmental management systems, eco-controls, environmental management tools to the assessment of organizational sustainability. Only one study related to agribusiness was found and none related to the use of EMA in food industries (agribusiness). Therefore, a significant conclusion of the study was the identification of the lack of theoretical and methodological alignment in the application of EMA, highlighting challenges that need to be addressed for a more consistent and effective adoption. Furthermore, the research highlighted a notable gap in relation to studies on the use of EMA in the context of agribusiness and, more specifically, in food industries (agribusinesses), pointing to an area of research that is still little explored. These findings not only contribute to the current understanding of EMA, but also provide a valuable starting point for future investigations. The diversity of EMA applications highlighted in this study suggests the need for a more unified and targeted approach, while the lack of studies in specific sectors, such as agribusiness, highlights promising areas for future investigations, aiming to fill existing gaps in management knowledge. environmental in these specific industries; The second article focused on carrying out a comprehensive diagnosis of sustainability in the poultry production chain, using the lens of Environmental Management Accounting (EMA). The study sought to analyze environmental management practices related to forest management, waste generation, water resources, energy, and emissions, as well as the intersection between environmental management and accounting in each of the ten links in the production chain. The research was conducted in thirteen business organizations, representing different stages of the production chain, from breeders and hatcheries to feed factories, slaughterhouses, and industrialization units. Furthermore, 230 integrated farms were included, totaling 816 poultry farms, to ensure a holistic view of sustainability throughout the poultry chain. The results revealed that the vertical business strategy and the adoption of a circular business model by the integrator play a crucial role in the effective control of the practices investigated throughout the chain. The efficiency in the use of natural resources and the minimization of the operational risk of the activity stand out. A significant highlight was the generation of significant environmental revenue, reaching R$102.59 million in 2021, resulting from the sale of 41.2 thousand tons of waste from the agroindustrial cycle. The analysis also emphasized that the integration of Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) with strategic planning plays a direct role in the continuous monitoring and evaluation of environmental performance. This strategic alignment provided the researched poultry chain with crucial insights for the implementation of mitigating solutions and the effective control of pollution resulting from their activities. These results not only corroborate the effectiveness of the EMA in promoting sustainability, but also highlight the importance of a strategic and integrated approach to achieving positive environmental results throughout the poultry production chain; The third article outlines an innovative proposal for environmental performance indicators, focusing on practices meticulously analyzed throughout the poultry production chain. The methodology adopted was based on the Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) system, meticulously aligned with the relevant legislation applied to forestry management, waste generation, water resources, energy, and emissions, in addition to the convergence between environmental management and accounting in the ten links of the aforementioned chain. The main results of the research highlight the wealth of information generated by environmental management accounting, ranging from the identification, measurement, and control phase to disclosure, whether in a segregated or aggregated form. It was also observed that the integration of concepts and instruments throughout the chain can serve as a guide for the formulation of policies and programs aimed at sustainability in the poultry sector. A crucial aspect revealed by the research is the ability of the proposed methodology to align planning and monitoring of implemented environmental management practices. This alignment is facilitated through a continuous assessment system, providing a dynamic and real-time view of environmental performance at each link in the production chain. Additionally, it is highlighted that the EMA system, when adopted, not only provides valuable information, but also acts as a catalyst in the search for mitigating solutions. These aim not only to control pollution, but also to develop innovative solutions, such as the creation of co-products, and the adoption of clean technologies. Thus, the EMA system emerges as an essential tool for participants in the poultry chain, promoting sustainable practices and fostering environmental innovation in the sector. The fourth article focuses on validating environmental performance indicators and eco-controls, highlighting their usefulness in monitoring sustainability throughout the poultry production chain. The research aims to contribute significantly to the advancement of this agenda in the sector and understand its impact on sustainable development. 28 indicators and 13 specific eco-controls were developed, applied, and validated in 13 agro-industrial organizations, in addition to covering 230 farms and 816 poultry farms. The methodology adopted was qualitative and quantitative, characterized as exploratory research. Data collection was carried out from primary and secondary sources, being complemented by the application of a closed questionnaire. The results obtained reveal that environmental accounting, when applied, plays a crucial role in providing relevant information to both internal and external users of organizations. This information allows for a detailed assessment of environmental management practices, enabling effective diagnosis, monitoring, and control. The findings indicate that environmental accounting plays a vital role in evaluating and controlling environmental management practices at the municipal level. Furthermore, it provides valuable information that can be used to monitor environmental performance, set goals, and achieve desired objectives. Analysis of investments that adopt good practices, including effective environmental management, suggests a direct relationship with sustainable economic development. This analysis can result in the reduction of environmental costs, improved efficiency in production processes and attraction of investments related to sustainability. The results highlight the importance of environmental accounting and environmental management for economic development, emphasizing the intrinsic connection between sustainable practices and economic growth. The effective integration of environmental accounting and the implementation of effective environmental management emerge as key elements to promote sustainable practices, potentially positively influencing sustainable economic development at local and regional levels. Thus, this study not only contributes to overcoming the challenges associated with monitoring environmental management performance, but also serves as a valuable reference for future research that aims to apply similar indicators in other production chains and develop environmental measurement and valuation models. In summary, this study set out to investigate the role of environmental accounting in diagnosing and demonstrating sustainability in the poultry production chain in Goiás. Descriptive and quantitative data were analyzed on practices that range from forestry management to environmental accounting, in thirteen business organizations, 230 integrated farms and 816 poultry farms distributed across 43 municipalities in the state. Divided into four articles, the study revealed significant gaps in the application of Environmental Management Accounting (EMA), highlighting challenges for more consistent adoption. The diversity of EMA applications, highlighted in the first article, pointed to the need for a more unified approach. The second article, when diagnosing sustainability in the chain, highlighted the importance of the vertical business strategy and the circular model, demonstrating efficiency in the use of natural resources. The third article proposed innovative indicators, emphasizing the integration of concepts and instruments throughout the chain. Finally, the fourth article validated 28 indicators and 13 eco-controls, highlighting the usefulness of environmental accounting for sustainable monitoring. The results highlight the relevance of environmental accounting in the evaluation and control of environmental management practices at the managerial level, indicating a direct relationship with sustainable economic development. This study not only contributes to overcoming challenges in environmental management, but also offers a valuable reference for future research in other production chains and for the development of environmental measurement models. Ultimately, the research reinforces the vital connection between sustainable practices and economic growth, emphasizing the need for effective integration of environmental accounting and environmental management to promote sustainable development at local and regional levels.Item Perdas de alimentos na CEASA-GO à luz da teoria das ações coletivas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-10-09) Rezende, Maryele Lázara; Cunha, Cleyzer Adrian da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8809108474226649; Cunha, Cleyzer Adrian da; Calil, Francine Neves; Rosalem, Vagner; Wander, Alcido Elenor; Dias, Marco Antonio HarmsThe food losses in the different stages of the production chain led to a reduction in the volume of food available to the population, generating significant social, economic and environmental consequences. CEASA-GO, along with other warehouses in Brazil, faces challenges related to food losses, which results in local problems, such as the accumulation of waste to be discarded, the attraction of waste pickers and economic loss for farmers and entrepreneurs who work in the warehouse. In this sense, this doctoral dissertation aims to evaluate the food losses that occur in CEASA-GO in the light of the theory of collective actions. Therefore, this thesis was structured in three articles that address the specific results of this work. The first article entitled "Food losses: bibliometric analysis" explores the literature on food losses through bibliometric analysis in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, and reveals that studies on food losses are relatively recent and that countries such as the USA and the European Union have taken the lead in research. In the qualitative analysis of the articles, the existence of eight categories of research on the subject was verified, namely: cause and prevention of losses; loss estimation; environmental impact; Packaging; logistics; food recovery; donation and conceptual aspects. In the second article entitled "Food losses and collective actions in CEASA-GO: an application of the logit model", the objective was to map the losses that occur in CEASA-GO through the application of structured questionnaires, analyzed in the logit model, and to evaluate whether the sociodemographic and behavioral differences of CEASA-GO users impact on the adoption of loss reduction strategies, It was found that younger traders, making donations to the food bank and participating in collective actions positively influenced these groups to adopt strategies to reduce food losses. The third article of this thesis "Collective actions and food losses: an analysis of CEASA-GO" sought to verify if there are collective actions in CEASA GO and if these cooperate with the reduction of food losses, for this purpose semi-structured interviews were conducted with associates and cooperative members of the two collective actions identified in the warehouse. These collective actions did not have as their initial objective to solve the problem of losses in the warehouse, but began to adopt strategies to reduce losses in the search for economic benefits or resolution of operational problems of the warehouse. The main activities developed by the collective actions to reduce food losses were the creation of the food bank, access to institutional marketing channels and maintenance of shared and refrigerated space to store goods. In a general analysis of the results of this thesis it is possible to affirm that collective actions contribute positively to the reduction of losses in CEASA-GO, since it is a joint action of agents that would not find strength and organization when carried out in individual and uncoordinated activities. The loss reduction actions developed by the collective actions contribute to an integral sustainable development by addressing actions that promote economic, social and environmental development to the agents that work in the warehouse and to CEASA-GO itself. Finally, this thesis contributes to studies on food losses by evaluating a link little explored in the literature. This research also contributes to the theory of collective actions by applying it in the context of agribusiness and evidencing that, for this analysis, large groups can perform more efficiently supported by online and fast communication. This study has practical relevance, providing a list of potential actions to reduce the generic losses in CEASA-GO.Item O efeito do câmbio sobre os preços dos alimentos no atacado e varejo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-09-02) Vilela, Joelmir Divino Carlos Feliciano; Figueiredo, Reginaldo Santana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1098394550647665; Figueiredo, Reginaldo Santana; Wander, Alcido Elenor; Medrano, Luis Alberto Toscano; Menezes, José Elmo de; Oliveira Neto, Odilon José deThis doctoral dissertation analyzes whether exchange rate variations in the USDollar/ Brazilian Real exchange rate influence food prices at the wholesale and retail level. For the analysis of price transmission, the Engle-Granger Cointegration, VEC, TAR and MTAR Models and the Granger Causality Test were used, and for the risk transmission analysis, the BEKK Model was used. The results of the analysis for the price transmission indicated that: (i) the USDollar/Brazilian Real exchange rate and food prices are cointegrated, concluding that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between them; (ii) the MCE presented the parameters that correct the short-term imbalance relationship to its long-term equilibrium value between the US-Dollar/Brazilian Real exchange rate and food prices; (iii) the TAR and MTAR Models indicated that the USDollar/Brazilian Real exchange rate and food prices are cointegrated and the transmission of prices between them occurs symmetrically; (iv) the Granger Causality Test indicated that the US-Dollar/Brazilian Real exchange rate influences food prices. Finally, the results analyzed for risk transmission indicated that there is strong evidence that the variability of the USDollar/Brazilian Real exchange rate transmits risks to food prices, both via shocks and viavolatilities.Item A relevância da sustentabilidade na formação acadêmica e profissional para o agronegócio(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-06-30) Souza, Rafael Oliveira de; Souza, Cleonice Borges de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8449949211640425; Jesus, Andrelisa Santos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9279471449282134; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4498594723433539; Ferreira, Manuel Eduardo; Wander, Alcido Elenor; Souza, Cleonice Borges de; Nascimento, Abadia dos Reis; Morais, Eliana Marta Barbosa deIndividual academic training represents a crucial mechanism for empowering the workforce. As investments are made in training, new skills and competencies are developed, resulting in individual and social advantages. The development of activities related to agribusiness, like the other activities of the economy, requires a qualified workforce to make possible the numerous movements linked to the segment. Besides each academic formation's technical and recurrent issues, new requirements are constantly presented to the professionals. Within the scope of agribusiness, the issue of environmental sustainability is positioned as a subject to be widely discussed and learned by students at undergraduate and graduate levels of Agricultural Sciences. The objective of this study was to understand the relevance given to environmental sustainability in the academic and professional training of students from undergraduate and graduate courses in Agricultural Sciences at UFG and UFJ. As for the methodology, this study can be classified as applied research, of descriptive and exploratory nature, built through a quali-quantitative approach with the help of bibliographic research, documentary research, and field research, with the application of questionnaires. The research results pointed out that agribusiness development in Brazil has significantly impacted the Brazilian biomes, especially the advance of pastures over the Cerrado biome. The labor market related to agribusiness employs a significant portion of the employed personnel in the country (about 20% between 2016 and 2020). The teaching of Agricultural Sciences is concentrated in the Midwest region. Analyzing the undergraduate and graduate courses of UFG and UFJ in Agricultural Sciences, we found that these courses are conducted and guided by technical-scientific issues, i.e., they are inclined to maintain production and productivity standards, as postulated by the Human Capital theory. In this sense, environmental sustainability does not play a leading role in the teaching, research, and extension practices related to Agricultural Sciences in the studied universities, despite the urgency of the theme for society in maintaining activities related to agribusiness. Thus, it was found that the institutions' undergraduate and graduate courses presented a limited contribution to environmental sustainability.Item Agricultores familiares nas feiras livres goianienses: estudo de suas relações sociais, culturais e econômicas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-02-23) Bittencourt, Blenda Domingues; Caliari, Márcio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3558164788327179; Caliari, Márcio; Marin, Joel Orlando Bevilaqua; Ribeiro, Cleonice Borges; Vera, Rosângela; Ferreira, Manuel EduardoThe objective of Chapter II was to identify whether the category of family farmers, especially those who produce fruits, uses the marketing channel, such as open markets, to sell their production, without departing from the way of life and traditional forms of production. The research is qualitative, with descriptive quantitative aspects. He used an outlining procedure such as bibliographic, documentary and field research. Data collection took place with the application of a questionnaire and observation techniques, which took the form of a survey. As a result, it was possible to recognize the insertion of family farmers in this métier, it was concluded that they establish relationships in the social, cultural and economic dimensions; allowed to understand the functioning and dynamics of open markets and to identify their origin in the macro-region of the city of Goiânia/GO. The objective of Chapter III was to of this research was to search in the free markets in Goiânia/GO, the presence of family farmers, observing their specificities regarding the social, cultural and economic relations established in this environment and between the actors that compose it. To carry out this research, the questionnaires and semi-structured interview techniques were used as a method to collect data, the nature of this data is qualitative and quantitative and descriptive, the field research took place in the environment of all regularized free fairs in Goiás, among the September 2018 to March 2019. The collected data were refined using descriptive statistics. The results obtained clearly reveal the existence of a significant contingent of family farmers inserted in the free fairs in Goiás. The objective of Chapter IV this research was to search in the free markets in Goiânia/GO, the presence of family farmers, observing their specificities regarding the social, cultural and economic relations established in this environment and between the actors that compose it. To carry out this research, the questionnaires and semi-structured interview techniques were used as a method to collect data, the nature of this data is qualitative and quantitative and descriptive, the field research took place in the environment of all regularized free fairs in Goiás, among the September 2018 to March 2019. The collected data were refined using descriptive statistics. The results obtained clearly reveal the existence of a significant contingent of family farmers inserted in the free fairs in Goiás. The purpose of Chapter V was to verify the insertion of family farmers in the open markets in Goiânia/GO and their social, cultural and economic relations. It delimited the research, outlining qualitative and quantitative descriptive procedures. The results confirm the participation of family farmers in the fairs in Goiás, with social, economic and cultural relations between them and other actors. It is concluded in this way, that open markets represent a fertile field for family farming, being promising for rural and local development.Item O efeito dos preços das commodities agropecuárias sobre os preços dos alimentos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-05-25) Fernandes, Kellen Cristina Campos; Figueiredo, Reginaldo Santana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1098394550647665; Figueiredo, Reginaldo Santana; Teixeira, Sônia Milagres; Sobrinho, Carlos Antônio Cardoso; Cabral, Juliana Silva Rodrigues; Gonçales, ClaudecirSince the food crisis that occurred in 2007-2008, the debate on the volatility of food prices has intensified, when there has been a significant increase in the prices of staple foods. This rise in food prices harms food security, since it affects more intensely the population of the downtown area, whose expenditure on food is higher compared to other social classes. This research was verified as the prices of agricultural commodities and their estimate estimates the prices of food and their estimate. Therefore, an analysis of price transmission between agricultural commodities and food markets will be carried out, using Engle and Granger's (1987) cointegration test and Johansen's (1988) Cointegration test and the analysis of volatility transmission. between agricultural commodities and food markets, using the BEKK model (Baba, Engle, Kraft and Kroner) by Engle and Kroner (1995). It was found that there is a long-term relationship between the prices of food and agricultural commodities as variations in commodity prices, according to food prices. It is suggested that further study and empirical research be carried out to explain how this effect of agricultural commodity prices occurs, given data to be studied on food prices. The information derived from this can contribute to the improvement of price and risk management in various agribusiness production chains and in their economic sectors.Item Dilemas do direito ao desenvolvimento sustentável nos assentamentos rurais de Silvânia-GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-04-27) Silva, Fernanda Chaveiro da; Jesus, Andrelisa Santos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9279471449282134; Souza, Cleonice Borges de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8449949211640425; Souza, Cleonice Borges de; Cruz, Fabiana Thomé da; Corciole, Graciella; Oliveira, Ivanilton José de; Caldas, Marcellus MarquesThis thesis presents some contributions to the debate about rural settlements from the creation and conquest of the territory by settled families. In this perspective, the fundamental rights constitutionally guaranteed to all individuals were considered as presuppositions to reach the right to sustainable development in the rural settlements of Silvânia-GO. The general objective of this research is to analyze whether the three rural settlements of the aforementioned municipality guarantee the settled families the right to sustainable development and, for its realization, a qualitative-quantitative approach was used in the methodology. Data collection took place through a bibliographic, documentary, cartographic survey and a field visit with the application of a questionnaire and interviews. Data analysis was carried out through descriptive statistics, through the elaboration of maps that present the physical environment and the use and cover of the soil in the settlements of Silvânia, as well as through the elaboration of thematic axes, built from a systematic framework that considered the social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainable development and the rights guaranteed by the Federal Constitution of 1988, which apply mainly to the reality of rural settlements. The results show that the characteristics of the physical environment and the use and occupation of the soil of the hydrographic basins where the Silvânia settlements are located are not impediments to the productive performance of the families; that settled families are guaranteed the right to sustainable development, although there are some aspects that can be improved, especially those aimed at public power actions. Regarding the social, economic and environmental dimensions, the one that is most fragile is the environmental one, demanding more attention from the municipality and from the settlers themselves in the sense that natural resources meet current and future generations demands. Difficulties such as access to some agricultural policies (economic) and the delay in issuing the domain title (social) were also identified.Item Análise dos termos de ajustamento de conduta firmados pelo Ministério Público de Goiás em áreas de preservação permanente rurais na bacia do rio Meia Ponte(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-12-14) Jordão, Luciana Ramos; Barreira, Sybelle; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8803862948788380; Barreira, Sybelle; Calil, Francine Neves; Zakia, Maria José Brito; Machado, Vilma de Fátima; Corcioli, GraciellaThis research analyses the results on damage recomposing in Permanent Preservation Areas located in cities that integrate the Meia Ponte River basin by verifying the Alternative Dispute Resolution Agreements (ADRs) in which Public Prosecutors take part. The research maps the judiciary districts and links them to environmental crimes committed between 2017 and 2019. After selecting five districts that would have their ADRs examined, it identifies the agreements that mentioned damages on Permanent Preservation Areas from 2014 to 2021. The agreements are read and described according to the research criteria. It identifies minimum patterns of content and validity considering existence, validity and efficacy criteria of contracts, and it’s interest in total repairing the damage caused to the environment. These criteria are systematically organized so that they can be user to analyze seven ADRs that were found during the research. The goal, during this step, is to examine if the agreements comply with minimum technical quality required by Brazilian Law. Also, it identifies five rural properties belonging to the ADRs participants in order to verify them by satellite images. These images permit temporal comparison of the areas and make it possible to see if there are Permanent Preservation Areas and Legal Reserved Areas that still have to be recomposed and the proposition on doing so according to the Rural-Environmental Registration. By qualitative analyses, the research concludes that the criteria stablished by Escada Ponteana are not sufficiently complied by the ADRs in which state Public Prosecutors take part. Important data on the parts, on the areas and on the obligations are not mentioned of forgotten. The restoration of the damaged areas was not verified in any of the rural properties analyzed. Public Prosecutors value documents over the reality of the areas and the possibility of complying with the ecological role. The way public officers deal with areas under Forest Code protection, even though it is easy to access data from the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and it is possible to use remote sensing techniques, is not efficient and uses TACs as instrument to oversee environmental damage.Item Determinantes à comercialização da produção de agricultores familiares assentados da reforma agrária no Distrito Federal/Brasil(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-09-28) Cavalcante, David Frederik da Silva; Cruz, José Elenilson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3130838156334394; Medina, Gabriel da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4866331905231029; Medina, Gabriel da Silva; Cruz, José Elenilson; Thomé, Karim Marini; Dias, Cleidson Nogueira; Corcioli, GraciellaThe commercialization of production is an important rural development strategy, however, competitive market processes plus the access restrictions to social and material resources identified from natural, financial, human and social capital, make it difficult for family farmers. It's also important to understand that the entrepreneurial action of farmers is linked to the use of these capitals as it might enable better results. In this context, this thesis sought to measure and report the contribution of natural, financial, human and social capital and the entrepreneurial competence in family farmers’ commercialization of production. This research was carried out in 11 agrarian settlements in Distrito Federal (Brazil) and involved a universe of 503 families. In chapter 1, the aim was to describe the families’ commercial and productive profiles by comparing them in terms of natural, financial, human and social capital. In order to do so, 156 settlers were interviewed. The data analysis used the cluster technique, descriptive statistics and comparison between groups (non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test). It was found that in groups with higher levels of commercialization (through farmer’s markets, institutional markets and Community Supported Agriculture) there are also better capital levels. In chapter 2, the relationship between capitals (as means of livelihood) and commercialization was measured in both isolated and combined ways. As a result, the researcher was able to identify that the means of livelihood influence commercialization and that human and social capital are the ones that most contribute to sales. In chapter 3, the aim was to measure the effect of entrepreneurial competence as a mediator in the relationship between capital (livelihood) and commercialization. The results showed that entrepreneurial competence exerts total mediation in the relationship between livelihood and commercialization. In chapters 2 and 3, the research sample was restricted to only 125 farmers, who had both been interviewed in the research previously presented in chapter 1 and whose production had been at least partially commercialized. In both, the equation modeling technique was used (Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling - PLS-SEM). Ultimately, in chapter 4, the focus was to explain how capitals and entrepreneurial competence help family farmers overcome the commercialization of only part of the production and direct their production towards the markets. The analyses were performed using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and content analysis. It was identified that the commercialization orientation is associated with the use of irrigation, machinery and equipment with no manual labour involved plus the frequent participation in training and the incorporation of innovative products and processes used by neighbors. In addition, the achievement of this condition requires that farmers take the initiative to seek new forms of production and commercialization and form partnerships with their neighbors. These results indicate that the strategies to support family farming cannot be focused on just one type of resource. Furthermore, resources must be directed towards productive reconversion focused on products that present some type of differentiation, especially those linked to quality and identification as a healthy product.Item Filmes biodegradáveis: elaboração e validação em maracujá silvestre produzido para utilização na agricultura familiar(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-02-22) Vespucci, Igor Leonardo; Campos, André José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2482841074252872; Caliari, Márcio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3558164788327179; Caliari, Márcio; Medina, Gabriel da Silva; Almeida, Taís Ferreira de; Ribeiro, Alline Emannuele Chaves; Morgado, Cristiane Maria AscariIn recent years, there have been several studies known as "State of the Art". Thus, the objective of Chapter II was to build the State of the Art on coatings for post-harvest fruit. To this end, searches were carried out in research bases (Google Academic, Scielo and Science Direct) of the last nine years (2011-2019). After investigating these articles, 160 scientific works were retrieved on these bases. After reading the abstracts, articles that did not contemplate the main objective of the study were discarded, thus leaving 92 articles. After selection, the keywords and their respective years were counted. The data were demonstrated by means of groupings visualized through principal component analysis (PCA), using the Euclidean distance matrix. It is concluded that the most researched themes are: To prepare a coating with the ideal concentration of food and that it does not have microorganisms in it is constitution. In addition, the theoretical gaps in this theme are in the improvement of new renewable materials that will be used as raw materials for coatings. The use of packaging from polymers derived from petroleum generates an accelerated generation of waste because they are not biodegradable, is an alternative solution to the use of biodegradable packaging. Therefore, the objective of Chapter III was to characterize and identify the best artisanal formulation of biodegradable films based on starch for application in small fruit productions. In the first stage, was evaluated four sources of starch as raw material for preparation of biodegradable film focusing on use in small productions of fruit. The design used was completely randomized, with four treatments and five repetitions. In the second stage, for formulating the film, the raw material with the best performance was used in stage 1 (in two concentrations) associated with two concentrations of glycerol. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 2x2 factorial scheme (grams of the best raw material from step 1 x grams of glycerin), with five replications. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared using the Scott-knott test. It considered a probability of 5% for all tests mentioned. Among the starches evaluated (Stage 1), the one that showed the best results was the film based on sour powder with better visual aspect in electron microscopy, less water activity and greater solubility in water. As for the best formulation of the mixture (Stage 2), the ideal concentration was composed of 2g of sour powder and 0.08g of glycerin as a plasticizer, in addition to 0.03g of cinnamon as an antimicrobial agent in 100mL of filtered water. This formulation showed a better visual aspect in the formation of the film, less water activity and better flexibility, in addition to rapid biodegradability. The use of biopolymers, such as starches from different sources, has attracted the attention of research in recent years for the production of packaging, mainly due to it is biodegradability. In this context, the chapter IV evaluated the efficiency of the biodegradable coating based on sour starch in the conservation and maintenance of the postharvest quality of wild passion fruit 'BRS Pérola do Cerrado'. Thereunto, a completely randomized design in a 5x8 factorial scheme (packages x days of analysis) was used, with three replications, containing 3 fruits each. The data were submitted to multivariate analysis, with the statistical test of PERMANOVA at 5% probability and subsequently demonstrated by means of grouping visualized by means of principal component analysis (PCA), using the Euclidean distance matrix. The use of biodegradable coating in postharvest conservation of wild passion fruit was efficient because it reduced the mass loss, presented lower values of peel firmness, decreased the titratable acidity and promoted greater fruit yield. Therefore, it was concluded that the use of sustainable coatings is beneficial in replacing synthetic packaging. The act of evaluating the diffusion of an innovation is extremely important and certainly surpasses the advent of innovation. Therefore, the objective of chapter V was to evaluate the spread of the use of biodegradable coating to family farmers in State of Goiás, Brazil. Qualitative research was carried out through questionnaires in 20 rural properties in the municipality of Jaraguá - GO, in two stages: stage 1 in January 2019; stage 2 in July 2019. The data were submitted to multivariate analysis, by means of cluster analysis, organized in a dendrogram type graph, using the Jaccard distance matrix and the complete link cluster technique (most distant neighbor). Under the conditions in which the work was carried out, there was low acceptance and diffusion of the use of biodegradable coating by family farmers, due to the fact that they have a low level of education, do not use technology, as well as irrigation or machinery, in addition their properties are distant (>10km) from urban centers.Item A lógica da ação coletiva para os condomínios de armazéns rurais(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-07-21) Filippi, Amanda Cristina Gaban; Guarnieri, Patricia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7909091619260597; Cunha, Cleyzer Adrian da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8809108474226649; Cunha, Cleyzer Adrian da; Souza, Cleonice Borges de; Wander, Alcido Elenor; Carvalho, José Márcio; Costa Filho, Bento Alves daThis thesis analyzed the Rural Warehouse Condominiums as a new model of Rural Collective Action in the light of the Collective Action Logic theory. For this purpose, it was carried out an applied, descriptive, exploratory and qualitative-quantitative research through semi-structured interviews and survey. The data analysis was performed through Content Analysis, Statistical Analysis and Multiple Correspondence Analysis. The results show an approximation of the rural model Condominiums of Rural Warehouses with the Theory of Logic of Collective Action, mainly for small groups. This fact occurs since individual objectives under collective action are more easily achieved and more efficient, promoting advantages for the individual, for the business and the production chain. In small groups, economic objectives, cohesion and efficiency, control and agility of actions, collective benefit, social incentives, results and the promotion of individual interest are more satisfactory and, thereis no presence of freeriders. Also, we highlight the viability of the warehouse structure managed collectively, strengthening and greate refficiency of rural business and producers, insertion and integration in a competitive market environment, economic and social benefits, costreduction, and, increase in profit. Related to the economic, social and logistical determinants, it can be pointed out the commercialization of the product, logistical gains, and the union of the producers regarding the development and growth of rural collective action. Finally, the quantitative analysis indicates the main motivating factors for the Rural Warehouse Condominium model through Social, Logistic, Political, Economic, Management and Collective Action Logic variables. The variable of Collective Action Logic resulted in a higher load for the dimensions and a greater number of determining variables, being decisive: (i) Smaller Collective Actions are easier to promote collective interest; (ii) rural producers act in common to promote interests; (iii) in a small collective group, individual efforts will influence results more; and, (iv) the smaller the collective group, the closer the individual, easier will be the achieviement of collective benefits. The correlations show stronger relationships between costreduction with freight and costreduction with transport (0,833); and, between the lack of financinglines for small and medium producers and the lack of financinglines for agricultural warehouse (0,741). As contributions to this thesis, the dissemination of the rural collective action model Rural Warehouse Condominium is exemplified, integration of research with the Theory of Logic of Collective Action, inputs for decision making, and contribution to the literature.