Programa de Pós-graduação em Direitos Humanos
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Item Direitos humanos e desenvolvimento sustentável: análise dos impactos sobre as comunidades afetadas pela mineração em Goiás na perspectiva da agenda 2030(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-10-29) Abreu, Marden Reis de; Tibiriçá, Luciana Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2316623937361550; Macêdo Filha, Maurides Batista de; Macedo Filha, Maurides Batista de; Tibiricá, Luciana Gonçalves; Corrêa, Edwiges Conceição Carvalho; Maniglia, ElisabeteThe objective of this study is to investigate whether mining activities, currently installed and in operation in the state of Goiás, in more than a decade (2005-2017), brought to the local community a significant increase in the quality of life, preservation of the environment and respect for human dignity. The main objective is to obtain an up-to-date and relevant image of economic development in the regions affected by mining, from the perspective of human rights and the UN Agenda 2030. The 17 sustainable development goals (ODS) offer opportunities for companies to contribute to the potential of the mining industry in a way that can be fully leveraged for sustainable development. In this sense, the debate on the exploration and depletion of natural resources in the territories dominated by the Yamanha Gold, Anglo America and Anglo Gold Ashanti companies and the sustainable alternatives of economic diversification during the process of operation and closure of the mines is deepened. The study works with the hypothesis that the economic dependence and environmental degradation generated by the activity can be avoided or reversed, provided that the mining activity is practiced in a conscious, planned and sustainable way. The methodology used will be the bibliographical research and fieldwork that will consist of the analysis of written, iconographic and oral documents (interviews). As a research method and the assumptions of Amartyha Sen, Joaquim Herrera Flores and Julio Marcelo Prieto, the political, economic, social and environmental impacts resulting from the mining activity in the municipalities of Alto Horizonte, Barro Alto-GO and Crixás are analyzed. It can be seen that the mining industries of Goiás have the opportunity and potential to contribute positively to all 17 ODS.Item Polícia cidadã? um estudo da formação profissional dos policiais civis do estado de Goiás na perspectiva dos direitos humanos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-02-28) Almeida, Camila Nunes de; Macêdo Filha, Maurides Batista de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8107202394331830; Macêdo Filha, Maurides Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8107202394331830; Macêdo Filha, Maurides Batista de; Rocha, Maria Vital da; Leitão, Rosani Moreira; Arbués, Margareth PereiraBrazilian public safety policies have been and are still guided by eminently repressive paradigms. Despite the re-democratization and promulgation of the Federal Constitution of 1988, public safety remained founded on the conceptions of national defense and internal defense developed in the Military Dictatorship, which, in practice, created the figure of an internal enemy to be fought. Democratic openness was not enough to enable structural reforms in the public safety system, which remained centralized in police institutions with a scope of ensuring public order and the safeguarding of the heritage of certain classes. In this conservative scenario, the implementation and consolidation of human rights policies in the public safety system took place late in history - still facing difficulties in consolidating a public safety model capable of ensuring access to rights and the full exercise of citizenship. The focus of the research is to verify whether the Civil Police of the State of Goiás implemented the didactic-pedagogical proposal of a cross-sectional and interdisciplinary approach to human rights issues in the professional training of Civil Police in Goiás, as recommended in the National Human Rights Education Plan (PNEH), of 2006, and the National Curriculum Matrix for Training Actions of Public Security Professionals (MCNSP), of 2014. In order to achieve said objective, the investigation will make a detailed compared documentary analysis of the professional training curricula of agents, clerks and delegates of the Civil Police of the State of Goiás of 2017 and 2019, respectively, with the policies established by the Federal Government for the training of public safety professionals. In addition, survey questionnaires were applied to thirty-six civil policemen from Goiás who participated in the professional training in 2017 as students, teachers and managers. The results obtained with the research revealed the non-adherence of the Civil Police of the State of Goiás to the National Human Rights Education Plan (PNEH), of 2006, and the National Curriculum Matrix for Training Actions of Public Security Professionals (MCNSP), of 2014 in the professionals training of 2017 and 2019.Item Democracia e liberdade: a falsa promessa do liberalismo no estado ainda-não-democrático de direito brasileiro(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-03-15) Bittar, Guilherme de Moraes; Reis, Helena Esser dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1045681574037243; Reis, Helena Esser dos; Roriz, João Henrique Ribeiro; Barros, Douglas FerreiraThis research aims to carry out an analysis of the trajectory of liberalism and democracy in Brazil, observing, specifically, the governmental behavior and deportment of recent years. To this end, it intends to establish a study on the conceptions of democracy throughout history, from its ancient stage, in Athens, until its reconfiguration with the influxes of liberalism in the modern era. Still, it aims to analyze liberalism as a political theory of freedom, defining the contours of what we believe to be its main goals, such as the Rule of Law, Constitutionalism and Human Rights. Finally, the focus turns to the analysis of liberalism and democracy in Brazil, first, throughout its constitutions, and then, of the late years, in which there has been a notable reduction in the liberal-democratic process in the country, due to reiterated acts of government that undermined the still frangible Democratic Rule of Law, through attacks and threats towards civil and political freedoms and the structures of representative democracy.Item Gestão compartilhada do patrimônio cultural: o registro e a salvaguarda das bonecas de cerâmica Karajá(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-04-29) Cavalcante, Celiane Borges; Leitão, Rosani Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1983245441436723; Leitão, Rosani Moreira; Macêdo Filha, Maurides Batista de; Lima, Nei Clara de; Portela, Cristiane de AssisThis dissertation presents the results of a study made on the cultural policies aimed at the promotion and protection of practices, knowledge and expressions associated with the ceramic dolls of the Karajá people, recognized as Brazilian cultural heritage in January 2012. The primary goal of this research is to understand how the cultural manifestations of indigenous peoples are being dealt with in the country's cultural policies. The specific objectives are to analyze the registration processes and the actions to safeguard the intangible cultural heritage represented by the Karajá dolls, considering the performance of the National Historical and Artistic Heritage Institute (IPHAN), of the Anthropological Museum of the Federal University of Goiás (UFG) and the indigenous communities themselves in these processes, in order to understand this experience of shared and intercultural action involving an institution that manages national policies for the protection of cultural heritage, an academic institution and indigenous communities. One of the questions is whether there is indigenous role as a protagonist in this process of patrimonialization, considering the need to ensure the Karajá people human rights to dignity, autonomy and full citizenship. In this sense, the work seeks to identify subsidies for the development of new actions to strengthen and enhance this cultural asset and its holders. With regard to the theoretical and methodological aspects, the research starts from a decolonial and intercultural conception that, at the same time that it is attentive to the narratives and the indigenous perspectives, seeks to understand the unfolding of dialogue and intercultural actions and the possibilities of construction new knowledge and new practices, through shared management. From this perspective, in addition to reading and consulting the specialized bibliography, documents produced in the processes and actions for registering and safeguarding Karajá dolls were analyzed; direct observation and ethnography of events related to these processes and actions that took place between 2018 and 2020, with notes in a field diary and photographic record, in addition to informal conversations and informal talking and remote interviews with representatives of the institutions and communities involved in the process.Item A pobreza como alvo na modernização da assistência social: estudo de caso da adoção do portal Meu INSS para o acesso ao BPC(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-08-23) Costa, Caroline Levergger; Gonçalves Neto, João da Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6257334752072083; Gonçalves Neto, João da Cruz; Serau Junior, Marco Aurélio; Pagliaro, Heitor de CarvalhoThis dissertation analyzes the use of information and communication technologies for access to social rights, especially welfare rights, and deals specifically with how technology is being used to access the Continuous Cash Benefit. It aims to answer whether modernization has generated social progress or resulted in increased vulnerability of the recipients of this public policy. It also investigates whether the use of modernization may be occurring as a veiled fiscal adjustment measure, that is, not formally declared, to reduce access to the benefit. The methodological approach used was a literature review and a documentary analysis of secondary data and empirical research produced on the subject. The INSS DIGITAL program was evaluated based on five analysis criteria: greater coverage and possibility of service, simplification of processes and increased transparency, speed in responding to requests, quality of procedural analysis and fewer demands and savings to public coffers. It was observed that the difficulties in accessing rights, arising from modernization, do not simply stem from technology, but from the way it has been applied by States to mediate their relationship with the vulnerable population and that there are already proposals formulated so that this modernization is compatible with human rights. It was found that historical factors in the evolution of social assistance and the country's own characteristics, as well as the existence of a fiscal adjustment policy, influenced the way in which technologies were incorporated by the State in the provision of services to citizens. In the case of access to the Continuous Cash Benefit, it was found that the modernization of access, as it occurred, did not represent for the vulnerable population an expansion of rights or even an improvement of public service, but reproduced a barrier to be overcome by the citizen and acted as a factor of repression of administrative expenses (fiscal adjustment) even with the payment of benefits, which has grown more slowly since its implementation.Item Pluralismo democrático e liberdade religiosa: a resistência umbandista no estado democrático de direito brasileiro(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-05-17) Gonçalves, Carina Lopes; Reis, Helena Esser dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1045681574037243; Reis, Helena Esser dos; Nascimento, Wanderson Flor do; Santos, Antônio Carlos dosThe aim of this dissertation is to reframe the views on Umbanda in order to project the framing of its practices as forms of political-democratic resistance, claims that oppose the majority interests, observing it as a social and political movement that is part of the logics of sociabilities inherent in the construction processes of democratic collective action. What has been called religious intolerance is at the heart of the country's colonization process, which was based on the illusory idea of religious democracy. Colonialism as a discourse (not so) implicit in modern society created a new paradigm of racialized experiences. The difficulty of meeting Umbanda's demands and its marginalization is related to the long and gradual process of silencing the original beliefs of African origin. To better understand its performance within the established order, it is considered, therefore, how the government regime is established in Brazil, investigating the principles of the Democratic State of Law: this (rule of law), represents a material conception of the it must be and has as its purpose the containment of absolute power; the former is essentially based on popular sovereignty. This theoretical framework also presupposes the promotion of freedom, civic virtue and education of individuals as a whole, based on dialogue between holders of various democratic demands. It so happens that democracy, by itself, does not invariably legitimize the correctness of majority opinion. In the same way, there is no response in the legal and normative order to the longings for a less unequal society. Therefore, it investigates the relations of domination and exclusion perpetrated by groups understood as the majority, within a conflictual dynamic. I say the majority because the IBGE census data, collected from 1980 to 2010, indicate that the number of adherents of Afro- Brazilian religions is, respectively, 0.57%, 0.44%, 0.34% and 0, 30%. It is clearly a numerical minority. It is also said that Afro-Brazilian religions are a social minority because they are at a disadvantage compared to other religions. This is because the practitioners of the faith are disqualified as primitive and barbarian, as the cult of Orixás, ancestry and everything that refers to the “sacred savage” was accompanied by a racist process of real and symbolic repression. But if, on the one hand, this religious group is under-represented and socially marginalized, on the other hand, it appears that Umbanda proliferates on the basis of rupture, resisting Christian religious homogenization. The terreiro is a quilombola space that maintains ancestral knowledge that is part of the national identity. It represents, at the same time, the therapeutic and socio-historical-cultural search. A space of existence, resistance and re-existence. A political-democratic space.Item Da legalidade à seletividade – a prisão preventiva como instrumento de controle e punição de sujeitos a serviço de uma (in)justiça criminal violadora de direitos humanos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-01-30) Lacerda, Julliana Souza; Gonçalves Neto, João da Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6257334752072083; Gonçalves Neto, João da Cruz; Cardoso, Franciele Silva; Costa, Alexandre BernardinoThe present work investigates preventive detention and its application in order to understand the discrepancy between Brazilian legislation and jurisprudence and the reality of the prison system. The research consisted in collecting official statistical data about prison population, as well as collecting data on preventive detention in the State Court of Goiás, based on jurisprudence and intern reports. The analysis of the data collected reveals that preventive detention, contrary to the speech of the agencies that control the penal system, is used by these official instances as an instrument of punishment and stigmatization of certain social groups, and reveals a hyper-incarceration policy, based on criminal selectivity, which directly contributes to the increase in the imprisonment rate and criminal reiteration, as well as to a structural violation of human rights.Item Casa-abrigo: solução ou solidão de direitos? Análise da política de abrigamento para mulheres em risco de feminicídio no Distrito Federal(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-03-31) Mendes, Liz Elainne de Silvério e Oliveira; Costa, Carmem Lúcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2260768637895317; Macêdo Filha, Maurides Batista de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8107202394331830; Macêdo Filha, Maurides Batista de; Costa, Carmem Lúcia; Rocha, Maria José Pereira; Ferreira, Carolina CostaThe dissertation analyzes the implementation arrangements of the shelter policy for women at risk of femicide in the Federal District (2019-2020) in the light of feminist and human rights studies of women with the aim of understanding the limits and challenges of this social policy for prevent femicides. Public gender policies, produced under the frameworks of CEDAW, the Federal Constitution, the Convention of Belém do Pará and the Maria da Penha Law, constituted a hermeneutic input to address the “ideals” of housing policies and also to problematize the shelter of Brasília, as a space for both care and “solitude” of rights. The theoretical conceptions and provocations of Heleieth Saffioti, Rita Segato, Lourdes Bandeira and Fabiana Severi constituted the essence of the theoretical framework. The research has a qualitative approach, containing a theoretical part and a descriptive-exploratory part. The bibliographic research privileged the categories: gender violence, feminicide and patriarchy. The documentary research used data on gender violence, feminicide, shelter and public policies to prevent and confront violence against women, in the spheres of district and federal governance. The field research produced data from semi-structured narrative interviews with women who had left the shelter in Brasília and public servants in the Federal District. The analysis of public policy adopted the feminist and interdisciplinary perspectives of human rights and was operationalized according to the human right to care and the premises of the National Pact to Combat Violence against Women (transversality of gender, intersectorality and capillarity). The results reveal that the institutional arrangements of the shelter policy in the Federal District, in the studied period, have similarities and distances with what was consolidated in Brazil as gender policies.Item A Defensoria Pública e a violência contra a mulher em Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-11-30) Oliveira, Lorena de; Costa, Carmem Lúcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2260768637895317; Costa, Carmem Lúcia; Souza, Tatiana Machiavelli Carmo; Moreira, Maria Ignez CostaThis dissertation investigates the performance of the Public Defender's Office of the State of Goiás as an integral part of the intersectoral support network for women victims of domestic and family violence based on the experience of NUDEM (Specialized Core of Promotion and Defense of Women's Right). The objective of the study is to analyze if the tools developed by the Nucleus are based on intersectional and interdisciplinary feminist theories and methodologies and whether their performance, in some way, promotes the emancipation of those assisted. The methodology used for the investigation was, in addition to the bibliographic review on the subject, semi-structured interviews, which were carried out in person at the headquarters of NUDEM/DPE-GO. For data analysis, five perspectives were used: the institutional bias of the Public Defender's Office as a defender of the pueblo, the analysis of the intersectoral network to support women in situations of violence in the State of Goiás, the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of the Nucleus, the perceptions about the feminist movement among the interviewees and how the personal and the professional cross each other during the performance of NUDEM. As a result, we were able to indicate that the DPE-GO performs a differentiated work when talking about violence against women, and even the physical space is designed so that the service is as effective and humanized as possible. In addition, it was found that the pandemic caused changes in the performance of NUDEM, and some of them were perceived until the conclusion of the study and, also, that the NUDEM professionals had altered behaviors and personal perceptions after the work developed, despite doing severe reservations to feminist conceptions, among other considerations.Item Promotoras legais populares: organização coletiva de mulheres para a constituição de um feminismo popular(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-03-30) Sá, Priscila Miranda de; Costa, Carmem Lúcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2260768637895317; Costa, Carmem Lúcia; Tavares, Francisco Mata Machado; Santos, Gleys Ially Ramos dosA partir da atuação das Promotoras Legais Populares, um projeto pautado pela educação jurídica popular e feminista, inaugurado na década de 1994, com foco nos projetos desenvolvidos em São Paulo e Goiânia, foi problematizado: A que serve o projeto de Promotoras Legais populares para a construção de um feminismo popular? A inquietação surge diante da proposta teórica de um feminismo popular e radical, no manifesto Feminismo para os 99% de Cinzzia Arruza, Titihi Battacharya e Nancy Fraser. A pesquisa repousa sobre o desenvolvimento do projeto pela União de Mulheres de São Paulo e pela Faculdade de Direito da UFG, utilizando-se de procedimentos metodológicos, como pesquisa bibliográfica, entrevistas, pesquisa de campo, observação participante e pesquisa documental. Deste modo, à luz de teorias feministas, bem como da sociologia, retomamos o contexto histórico do projeto de PLPs entrelaçado ao campo dos direitos humanos das mulheres, discutimos a produção de identidades a partir de marcadores da diferença, bem como gênero como categoria de análise e suas limitações diante de um sistema complexo como o sistema capitalista. Por conseguinte, a fim de localizar o campo de ação das PLPs e sua identidade coletiva, propomos uma discussão acerca das relações entre os movimentos de mulheres e movimentos feministas, o que localiza as PLPs na intersecção destes movimentos conformando, deste modo, o que chamamos de movimento social de mulheres feministas e populares.Item Adoção tardia: perspectiva da equipe interprofissional da 8ª Região do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-11-22) Souza, Rodrigo Rosa de; Macedo Filha, Maurides Batista de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8107202394331830; Corrêa, Edwiges Conceição Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8128417861243933; Corrêa, Edwiges Conceição Carvalho; Macedo Filha, Maurides Batista de; Santana, Juliana Prates; Tavares, Silvana BelineThe theme implicates the perspective of the Interprofessional Team of the 8th Region of the Court of Justice - TJGO on late adoption, that understandands that the older the children who are in institutional care, the lower the chances of being adopted. In this sense, the general objective of this study is to understand the challenges faced by the Interprofessional Team of the 8th Region of the TJGO to guarantee the right to family and community coexistence of those children and adolescents. Based on the analysis of the emergence of this Team's work, it is sought to show that this theme needs interdisciplinary work to guarantee the human rights of children and adolescents who are neglected in the world of adoption. The dissertation has a qualitative-quantitative approach. It uses the methodology of bibliographic and documentary research, statistical data from the national adoption system - SNA and interviews with professionals from the Team of the 8th Region of the TJGO to deepen the knowledge of the topic addressed. It was supported by Lawrence Bardin's method of content analysis, based on categories of analysis on motivation to work, the role of the team, the relationship between adoption and human rights and examples of concrete cases. It was concluded that the age factor of the children, added to the color, disability and group of siblings, make late adoptions a rarity in that region.