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Item Crescimento inicial de teca e produtividade de soja sob diferentes adubações em sistema agrossilvicultural(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-11) Abreu, Sandro Alex Helrigel; Calil, Francine Neves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2520537051838618; Calil, Francine Neves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2520537051838618; Pires, Patrícia Pereira; Chagas, Matheus PeresThe Agroforestry Systems (SAF’s) are models of agricultural exploration that using forest species intercropped with agricultural crops and/or forage with or without animal presence. They have been widely disseminated therefore contribute to the sustainability of the agriculture. This study was developed from an experiment conducted in agrossilvicultural system during the period 2013-2015, the Federal University of Goiás, city of Goiania, GO. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical properties of soil, development and productivity of plant components in system integration (Teca and soybean), using different fertilization soil and cropping systems. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications, in arrangement factorial 4 x 2, consists of four types of fertilization: no application (control); mineral fertilization; application of cattle manure and application of sewage sludge in two cropping systems: single Teca and Teca intercropped with soybeans. The chemical properties of the soil were favored by the application of sewage sludge. There not increase in levels of heavy metals in soil by use of organic waste. The productivity of soybean fertilized with sewage sludge did not differ of the mineral fertilizer, being higher other fertilization. The initial performance of Teca in single cropping was favored by the application of both organic waste. However, when intercropped with soybean, sewage sludge application resulted in higher values of height and diameter at breast height (DBH). The canopy of the tree component of the system was not influenced by the type of fertilizer used, keeping constant the light rate in the different fertilization. The use of sewage sludge is favorable both for the initial development of Teca as plants for soybean yield, being recommended in agrossilviculturals systems.Item Influência de variáveis macroclimáticas sobre as principais doenças do arroz(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-03) Aguiar, Jordene Teixeira de; Lobo Junior, Murillo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3352833548668460; Lobo Junior, Murillo; Filippi, Marta Cristina Corsi de; Heinemann, Alexandre Bryan; Castro, Adriano Pereira deThe influence of climatic variables on rice diseases was assessed in Brazil. Firstly, it was necessary to validate climate data from remote sensoring, retrieved from NASA’s database Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resource (POWER). POWER data were compared to climate records of surface stations from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET). Climate data consisted of a time series (2004-2014) of monthly average temperatures and rainfall. Validation tests were carried out with Pearson’s coefficient of correlation and adjustment of linear regression models between the satellite data and surface stations. Further, data accuracy was checked according to average absolute error, root mean square deviation and concordance index. Monthly rainfall from most regions satisfactory correlated with Pearson coefficients between 0.75 and 0.95 (P<0.05). In contrast, maximum and minimum temperatures recorded by satellites showed irregular results that vary by region. In these cases, remote sensing did not detect extreme weather events, such as heavy rainfall or drought. Monthly rainfall comparisons also showed the most consistent results for all regions in accuracy tests. The endorsed data supported the next stage of this work, regarding the effects of climate variables on rice diseases. This investigation counted on a historical series of disease severities recorded in field tests, carried out between 1983 and 2014. Climatic data from INMET, EMBRAPA and NASA/POWER was arranged in a matrix of environmental variables, and tested for correspondence with disease severities recorded in 15 sites for at least eight years. Redundant climate variables were eliminated by principal component analysis. With structured data disposed in two datasets of climate (explanatory variables) and disease severity and productivity (response variables), canonical correlation analysis was performed (CCA) by location and by regions. The influence of climate on disease severity was demonstrated in only five sites, according to CCA models significant at 5%, with their first two axes explaining over than 50% of explanatory variables. In such sites, the total variation in disease severity was partially explained by climate variables. In the regional approach, climate variables did not significantly influence rice diseases in the North Region. Nevertheless, significant models demonstrated the correlation between climatic variables and disease in the Center-West and Northeast, despite the small percentage of explanation by the first two axes. In general, higher disease severity was related to rainfall and lower minimum temperatures during the reproductive stage of rice plots. In all cases, yield was not related to environmental variables.Item Efeito do manejo do solo com plantas de cobertura, cultivares/híbridos e nitrogênio na cultura do milho(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-02-26) AGUIAR, Renata Alves de; SILVEIRA, Pedro Marques da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4242408931816325The corn is the main cereal produced in Brazil and its productivity is very affected by the improper use of nitrogen, which is the nutrient absorbed in larger quantities and therefore responsible for a significant share in production costs. Due to the importance of nitrogen for the corn crop becomes necessary studies to reduce the amount of nitrogen applied to the crop, reducing losses and increasing the efficiency of its use, beside minimize environmental risks. One way have been studied to reduce the amount of nitrogen applied and increase the efficiency of use of inorganic nitrogen, from the fertilizer, it is the combination of plants that cover the ground with nitrogened fertilizer. The study aimed to determine the economic viability and the effect of soil management with the use of soil cover plants, hybrids and nitrogen doses in coverage in the vegetative and reproductive characteristics, related to productivity of corn. The corn, in the experiment, was planted at begning of February in the field trial of Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Red Latosol Distrophic. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replicates the arrangement of plots in sub-sub-divided. The plots were formed by four types of soil management: direct planting of corn on the black mucuna stubble (Mucuna aterrima Merr.); direct planting of corn on the of crotalária juncea stubble (Crotalaria juncea L.); direct planting of corn on vegetation spontaneous (aside) and planting corn in the system of conventional tillage (arado of aiveca). The subplots were formed by five doses of nitrogen in coverage: 0, 45, 90, 180 and 360 kg ha-1 of nitrogen in coverage, and the sub-sub-plots of four hybrids of corn: BRS 3003, AG 1051, Green Corn HT-1, HT-2 Green Corn. The analysis of the benefit / cost was performed on the basis of prices of materials and services raised in April 2007. The benefit / cost in the various systems was held in the Excel spreadsheets, and economically viable a relationship exceeding 1.0. It was concluded that: there is effect of hybrid and soil management on vegetative characteristics such as plant height and the first spik and on productive characteristics as income from pulp and grain and mass in a thousand grains of corn, and there is no interaction between hybrid, soil management and dose of nitrogen in coverage of the productivity of corn. The best soil management as the benefit / cost is the fallow without any addition of nitrogen in coverage, followed by the system of conventional tillage with 45 kg ha-1 and without the addition of nitrogen.Item Ocorrência de nematoides na cultura da banana no estado de Goiás e sua correlação com o mal-do-Panamá e com fatores edáficos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-03-22) Almeida, Nayane Oliveira; Rocha, Mara Rúbia da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4660306671671575; Teramoto, Adriana; Lobo Júnior, Murillo; Rocha, Mara Rúbia daThe problems caused by nematodes and by the Panama disease on banana plantations are responsible for production losses and limiting to its cultivation. In the state of Goiás there is few information about the nematode genus that affect this crop, and its relationship with the incidence of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). This research aimed to survey the occurrence of plant parasitic nematodes, the incidence of Foc and soil attributes, and determine if there is a correlation among these factors. In January 2015, twelve banana producing regions in the state of Goiás were sampled: Anápolis, Caiapônia, Goiatuba, Itaguaru, Itumbiara (two areas), Jataí, Morrinhos, Ouro Verde, Palestina, Taquaral and Uruana. All sampled areas, except Morrinhos, revealed contamination with Foc, and all had different genus of nematodes. Meloidogyne sp., Helicotylenchus sp. and Rotylenchus sp. were the main genus of plant parasitic nematodes present in the banana plantations, with Meloidogyne sp. and Rotylenchus sp. the most dominant and abundant genus. We found that Pratylenchus sp. increases the population levels of F. oxysporum and that Helicotylenchus sp. has been affected by the concentration of P, Ca, Mn and the soil pH.Item Efeito da poda e da cobertura do solo no crescimento e produção da figueira cv. Roxo de Valinhos, em Goiânia, GO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2006-06-06) Alves, Elizete Rodrigues; Meneguci, João Luiz Palma; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5017133081301003; Silva, Natan Fontoura da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3473956896381897; Silva, Natan Fontoura da; Meneguci, João Luiz Palma; Neves, Ronaldo VelosoAmong the fruit trees options to the region, it comes the fig tree culture (Ficus carica L.) which has an easy adaptation, comparing to other fruit trees, it shows a great option because of the possibility to have not only unripe figs to industry, but also good conditions to the ripe figs to be consumed in natura. Goias fig tree cultivation is an unknown activity, despite of fig being widely used as in natura and industrialized. The most of the fig consumed in Goiás and Distrito Federal is imported from São Paulo or Rio Grande do Sul, which becomes the product expensive due to the transportation taxes. Moreover, one is about a highly perishable product. With the objective then to evaluate the behavior of the culture of the fig in the conditions of Goiânia. verifying the effect of the type of distribution of the covering deceased in the ground, of the amount of branches left after the pruning, in the vegetative development and the production of figs and on the basis of to define the length of the foliar limb, a half not-destructive fast and esteem, through mathematical model, the foliar area of the fig in the field conditions. The work was developed EMBRAPA in Goiânia-GO. Had been evaluated 100 plants of fig and in as the 60. In the first experiment the plants had been submitted the three treatments in the parcel: covering deceased in the base of the plant, covering deceased in the plantation line and covering deceased in total area. In subparcelas to the treatments the pruning had been the amount of branches left after: 12, 18 and 24 branches. In as the experiment the pruning was evaluated the amount of branches left after that had been: 24, 36 and 48 branches. Also three mathematical models for the determination of the foliar area had been evaluated. The plants submitted to the treatments with covering deceased in the base of a plant and covering in the plantation line, had had one better vegetative development (leaf diameter, length and number) in relation to the treatment with covering deceased in area total. Amount of branches left after the pruning influenced in the amount of leves for plant, the more left branches bigger were the amount of leves. The length and the diameter of the branches had not been influenced by the amount of branches left after the pruning. The use of mathematical model, using the linear measures of fig leves if showed efficient in the determination of the leaf area.Item Distribuição espacial do percevejo-do-colmo (Tibraca limbativentris Stål) em arroz irrigado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-11-09) ALVES, Tavvs Micael; BARRIGOSSI, José Alexandre Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5377957113836597The injury imposed by Tibraca limbativentris Stål in plants of rice can negatively affect the production and reduce grain yield. Knowing the spatial arrangement of this species allows fast and accurate sampling and identifies focuses of infestation determining the ideal moment of decision-making for the control. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial and probabilistic distribution of adults and nymphs of T. limbativentris in irrigated rice. Fifteen fields with plants of 50-80 days after emergency were sampled on approximately regular grids in 2008, 2010, and 2011. Poisson and Negative binomial distributions were tested and Pearson chi-squared test was used to determine a probability distribution with the best fit. Polynomial regressions of the number of individuals versus geographical coordinates were used to try detecting trends related with macroscale. Later, semivariograms were used to interpret the spatial dependence and distribution of insects. The semivariance of the samples obtained with nymphs showed patterns grouped in 13% of fields sampled. Similar pattern was also obtained by semivariograms of adults in 26% of fields sampled. However, there were no spatial dependence in the most of the sampled fields with adults (74%) and nymphs (87%). In conclusion, adults and nymphs of T. limbativentris are randomly distributed in irrigated rice fields, though rarely clustered pattern can occur. The probability distribution that best fits the data sampling is the Negative binomial. Adults and nymphs do not inhabit the same local in the rice field. Population levels above the value of economic damage may occur, but individuals are not present in about 2/3 of the units sampled. Polynomial regression models tested are not appropriate to fit the trends related to macro-scale in irrigated rice fields.Item Dinâmica de potássio no sistema solo-planta em cana-soca sob condições edafoclimáticas de cerrado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-11-26) Andrade, Aline Franciel de; Casaroli, Derblai; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1054839770814863; Flores, Rilner Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6161143914254137; Flores, Rilner Alves; Damin, Virgínia; Machado, Roriz LucianoThe sugarcane crop stands out as the most used renewable energy source in Brazil presenting high yields and good adaptation to Brazilian soil and climate conditions. Due to the high biomass production, the nutrient uptake from soil is also high. Among them, Potassium (K) has important functions related to the physiological processes in plant tissues, being the most extracted nutrient by sugarcane crop. Due to low natural K contents in tropical soils, it is necessary to complement it with fertilizer applications in order to meet the crop demands and achieve high yields. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of potassium in the soil-plant system during the first sugarcane ratoon period as a function of potassium nutrition under the Cerrado of Goias edaphoclimatic conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Goiasa Plant, in Bom Jesus de Goiás, GO, during the 2017/18 season, in a dystrophic RED LATOSOL, clayey texture (440 g clay kg-1), using the variety IAC 91-1099. Treatments consisted of five K2O rates, (0 (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg K2O ha-1), with five replicates. We evaluated: the climatic water balance for the area; the soil (up to 0.8 m) and plant K content (leaf and stem); biometric variables (plant height, stem diameter, number of tillers and leaf area); physiological variables (photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration and relative chlorophyll index); stem yield and technological quality. Also, decomposition rate and K release by the sugarcane straw as well as K balance in the soil-plant system were evaluated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, and polynomial regression analysis was performed for the significant variables. The increase in Potassium fertilizer rate intensified the movement of the K+ ion in soil to the depth of 0.80 m with a 55% increase in K content between the control treatment and the 200 kg K2O ha-1 rate, in an evaluation performed at 180 days after sprouting, and a 20% increase at the end of the experiment. Sugarcane straw provided 79.25 kg K ha-1 to the soil, requiring approximately 70 days so 50% of this total would be available. There was a reduction of about 49.03% in straw production over 300 days, requiring 345 days so half of this material would decompose. K balance in the soil-plant system, for the annual application of 150 kg K2O ha-1 resulted in soil K balance of 133.22 kg ha-1 year-1, being the treatment that most contributed to increase soil K contents. Although the K rates in this experiment did not influence sugarcane growth, they presented a significant effect on physiological variables such as transpiration and photosynthesis. The higher K input in the soil as a function of the treatments did not result in differences in stem yield, however, when thinking about the sustainability of the productive system for sugarcane crops, the 150 kg K2O ha-1 rate increased soil K contents.Item Nodulação de cultivares de feijoeiro-comum influenciada por diferentes ciclos de crescimento(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-17) Andraus, Michel de Paula; Damin, Virgínia; Ferreira, Enderson Petrônio de Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6292879655540619; Ferreira, Enderson Petrônio de Brito; Correchel, Vladia; Faria, Luis Cláudio deCompared to other producing grain legumes, the common bean has short cycle, with high demand for nitrogen (N), which is the most mined and exported element by crops. N is a scarce element in tropical soils and the main sources, nitrate and ammonia, which may be available to the plant, are obtained from the decomposition of soil organic matter, mineral fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) held by pulses nodulating bacteria. This study aimed to identify characteristics related to FBN in common bean cultivars with different growth cycles, which reflect in higher productivity. The experiments were conducted under field conditions for two consecutive years (2012 and 2013) in the winter crop, in the experimental area of Embrapa Rice and Beans, in Santo Antônio de Goiás, Goiás. In both experiments installed in nearby areas were used as treatments 22 cultivars of common bean, two of the early growth cycle, eight semi-early growth cycle, ten normal cycle and two late- cycle treated with inoculant prepared in the Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Embrapa Rice and Beans, compound by strains of Rhizobium tropici (SEMIA 4077, SEMIA 4080 and SEMIA 4088) recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply as inoculants for the common bean cultivation. The design was randomized blocks . In the first year the collections were performed from V4 to R8 stage and were assessed at each stage the number, activity and dry weight of nodules, leaf area, dry weight and total nitrogen of aerial part (the R6 stage only), grain yield and its components (R9 stage) . In the second experiment the same evaluations were made, but only in R6 and R7 stages. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by Skott-Knott test at 5% probability, graphs of Pearson correlation between variables were developed. The percentage of active nodules, leaf area, aerial part dry mass and total nitrogen were affected by cultivars. The number of nodules and dry weight of nodules were not affected. In stages of flowering and pod yield, nodule number, leaf area and dry weight of shoots were influenced by cultivars. The dry mass of nodules in flowering stage was influenced by the growth cycles and the regular and late cycles showed higher values. Grain yield was affected by cycles of cultivars and in the first experiment, early cultivars showed lower values than the other. Normal and late cycle cultivars arrived to total senescence of nodules on the phenological stage R7, while the early and semi-early cycles arrived to senescence of nodules in the R8 phase, however, there was minimal difference in days without active nodules between these.Item Caracterização e germinação de Dendrocalamus asper (Schultes f.) Backer ex Heyne (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-09-29) Araujo, Cristhian Lorraine Pires; Sibov, Sérgio Tadeu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4627553641870284; Pires, Larissa Leandro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4811315528353849; Pires, Larissa Leandro; Aguiar, Renata Alves de; Carneiro, Luciano LajovicBamboo has the potential to replace traditional forest species, and there are no forest species that can compete in growth speed and area utilization. They have infrequent flowering, being the fruits rarely available and with low viability. Studies of morphology, germination and emergence are important for the adequate use of this resource at the time of its availability. The objective of this work was to characterize the morphology of fruits, spikelets and young plants of Dendrocalamus asper, as well as to evaluate techniques for the potentiation of the germination and emergence capacity of the fruits. To identify the morphological characteristics of fruits and spikelets were evaluated: width, length, fresh mass, weight of a thousand units, mass electrical conductivity, degree of humidity and external morphological characteristics. For the morphological characterization of young plants, 37 individuals were evaluated, based on vegetative characteristics such as the characteristics of the stem, branches and leaves. In the germination and emergence test, a completely randomized experimental design was used, with four replications of 50 fruits, a 2x4 factorial scheme in a total of 8 treatments (two storage temperatures and four fruit treatments), where was determined total germination (GT), germination speed index (IVG), total emergency (ET) and emergency speed index (IVE). In vitro germination of fruits was carried out in MS medium modified with 5 mg.L-1 BAP, solidified with agar. The spikelet is fusiform to ellipsoid, glabrous, straw color with 5.94 mm long by 3.47 mm wide and 0.02 g mass, on average. The fruit is caryopse type, fusiform to subglobous, with smooth pericarp, glabrous and rigid, brown color, 4.08 mm long by 2.56 mm wide and 0.018 g mass, on average. For fruits with glumes (spikelets): the weight of a thousand units was 18.749 g, humidity degree of 20% and electrical conductivity of 33.16 μS.cm-1.g-1. For fruits without glumes: the weight of a thousand units was 16.184 g, humidity degree of 11% and electrical conductivity of 10.12 μS.cm-1.g-1. The young plant with 170 days presented a pachymorph rhizome, herbaceous stem, erect, cylindrical, pilous, green to purplish, with a mean of 278.02 mm (64.61-419 mm) in height and 3.83 mm (1, 03-5.4 mm) in diameter. Pilous internode, hollow and without thorns. Leaves of the stem erect, pseudopetiolate, alternated, with coloration ranging from light green (46%), dark green (43%), variegated (8%) and albino (3%). Pilous leaf limbus, lanceolate with rosy apex. Sheath closed, without cerosity, pilous, of greenish to purplish color, covering the whole culm. Clear and pilous ligule. Storage temperatures and interaction between storage temperatures and fruit treatment did not have a significant influence on the germination and emergence of D. asper caryopses. Fruit treatments had a significant influence on the germination and emergence of D. asper caryopses. The best treatment (fruits without glumes) had on average 4.5% of germination, germination rate index of 1.07, 2.5% of emergence and index of emergency speed of 0.20. The in vitro germination rate was 65.85%. It was concluded that the treatments of fruits influence the germination capacity of caryopses and the emergence of seedlings, and the removal of glumes were the best results. The in vitro germination of D. asper is viable, being a potentially more efficient alternative to the increase of the germination rate of the species.Item Quantificação de machos e fêmeas de Heterodera glycines (Ichinohe, 1952) em cultivares de soja resistentes e suscetíveis(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-11-17) ARAÚJO, Fernando Godinho de; ROCHA, Mara Rúbia da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4660306671671575Soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, is one of the major phytopathological problems affecting the soybean, in the major producing countries of this legume. Eradication of H. glycines from contaminated areas is practically impossible. Thus, the soybean growers have to adapt control measures in order to maintain low population levels. The main control measures are crop rotation, soil management and use of resistant cultivars. With the purpose to evaluate the development of H. glycines and male/female ratio on soybean resistant and susceptible cultivars two trials were conducted during the years 2007 and 2008. Susceptible cultivars BRS Aracu, BRSGO Jatai, BRSGO Luziania, BRS Favorita RR, BRS Valiosa RR, BRS Silvania RR and resistant cultivars BRSGO Ipameri e BRSGO Chapadoes were evaluated. Soybean seedlings were transplanted to pots containing naturally infested soil with H. glycines, race 14, and, 10 days later, part of the plants remained in the pots to evaluate the females, while the other part was removed for hydroponic growth to evaluate the males. In the trial of 2008 the plants were divided in three lots, with the last one having the roots stained to count the juveniles and to evaluate survival rate. Resistant cultivars always maintained a small number of females and males, except for cultivar BRSGO Ipameri that had high countings of males. Only cultivars BRS Favorita RR and BRS Silvania RR had the expected sex ratio 1:1. All other susceptible cultivars had greater number of males than females, with ratios varying from 5:1 to 11:1. Survival rate was nil for both resistant cultivars, and varied from 6.75% to 35.00% for the susceptible cultivars. Regarding the number of cysts in 100 cc of soil the only cultivar that differed significantly from the others was the BRSGO Jatai on experiment conducted in 2007. The number of eggs per cyst varied, in both experiments, and the resistance did not influence the averages foundItem Do capital ao interesse social: [re]construindo a reforma agrária brasileira(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-06-16) Barbosa, Caroline Vargas; Souza Filho, Carlos Frederico Mares de; Tárrega, Maria Cristina Vidotte Blanco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3710736362842934; Tárrega, Maria Cristina Vidotte Blanco; Souza Filho, Carlos Frederico Marés de; Belaidi, Rabah; Macêdo Filha, Maurides Batista deThis dissertation aims to build an interpretive approach unique to the Brazilian Agrarian Reform, with Community law in the land as a source of inspiration . The discussion is guided by the problem that the Agrarian Reform to serve the interests of capitalism distances himself founded the collective interest in social justice . The theoretical basis through the deductive method and literature, search the application of the provision of good living as principles framework of Community law to the land, and finally as a guarantee of underlying constitution rights in the country of 1988 . Firstly, we establish the concepts of Agrarian Reform, the construction of the Brazilian normative concept and measures and state forecasts for this purpose. Subsequently, we embrace the interest of capitalism on earth, and their lucrative facets . Therefore we seek to understand at what point Agrarian Reform shall meet the capital. The concept of good living and community land rights become the opposition to capital for construction of a new interpretive Agrarian Reform permeating the environmental principle of ownership. Concluding that the redefinition of Agrarian Reform confused in identifying the man and land in a vital relationship. So, the company shall exercise supervision in the definition of good living , becoming an active subject in the effectiveness of these precepts . Private property must meet a community to individuals, as the main feature of recognition of ownership of the carrier. The interpretation of Community law of the land tied to social and environmental function of land and agrarian reform may serve to meet the fundamental social rights of rural workers with capital.Item Eficiência agronômica de um fertilizante fonte de micronutrientes nas culturas da soja e milho(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-08-03) BARBOSA, Juliano Magalhães; FERNANDES, Eliana Paula; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7324619074753727; LEANDRO, Wilson Mozena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9052207260053937The present work aimed to value the agronomic efficiency of different doses of a fertilizer fount of micronutrients applied through the soil in soy culture and the residual answer in culture rotation with the corn, by the determination of chemical attributes related with the productivity. The study was performed in field s condition in a Distrofic Red Latosoil in the experimental area of the School of Agronomy and Food Engineering, in Goiânia Goiás. The experiment was performed in the harvests 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 in randomized complete blocks design with five treatments and four repetitions. Fertilizer was used as fountain of micronutrients in the form of powder containing 6,8% of manganese (Mn), 3,9% of zinc (Zn), 2,1% of iron (Fe), 1,2% of copper (Cu) and 1,1% of boron (B), in four doses and as reference the testimony: D 0 0 kg ha-1, D 0,5 33,33 kg ha-1, D 1 66,66 kg ha-1, D 2 133,32 kg ha-1 and D 1C - 66,66 kg ha-1 plus 1,4 t ha-1 of calcium oxide. The fount of micronutrient was applied only in the harvest 2007/2008 associated to the soil preparation, in the harvest of 2008/2009 there was no reapplication and the system of planting was direct, without the soil preparation. The geeting of soil and leaf were carried out in the florescence of the cultures. It can be concluded that the cultures appears to be responsive to the fertilizer by considering the productivity of both the soy and the corn and that the fertilizer doses of 128,63 kg ha-1 and 69,08 kg ha-1 showed to have the best efficiency for the productivity of the soy to the corn, respectively.Item Interação entre herbicidas e cultivares de soja sobre o desenvolvimento populacional de Heterodera glycines em campo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-11-29) BARBOSA, Kássia Aparecida Garcia; ROCHA, Mara Rúbia da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4660306671671575This study evaluated the effect of herbicides on the population density of H. glycines in soybean cultivars, (one resistant and three susceptible) in natural infestation conditions. Experiments were done in Campo Alegre de Goiás and Gameleira de Goiás, agricultural year 2006/07, using randomized blocks, with three repetitions. The treatments were arranged in a factorial design 4 x 4 + 1, with four cultivars (BRSGO Ipameri, BRSGO Luziânia, BRSGO Jataí BRS Silvânia RR), four forms of weed control (hand weeding, chlorimuron-ethyl + lactofen, chlorimuron-ethyl and haloxyfop-methyl), and additional treatment represented by the combination of transgenic cultivar BRS Silvânia RR and herbicide glyphosate. In agricultural year 2009/2010, another test was conducted in Gameleira de Goiás, with four repetitions, in a factorial design 2 x 4 + 2, involving two cultivars (BRSGO Chapadões and BRSGO 8360), four forms of weed control (hand weeding, lactofen, chlorimuron-ethyl; haloxifop-r), and two additional treatments represented by the combination of transgenic cultivar BRS Valiosa RR with control manual weed and chemical control via herbicide glyphosate. In the agricultural year 2006/07, in Campo Alegre de Goiás, eighty days after planting, there was less formation of viable cysts in cultivar BRS Silvânia RR associated with the application of clorimuron + lactofen, compared to manual control. In Gameleira de Goias, it was found, forty days after planting, increase in the number of viable cysts using herbicides, compared with manual control, in cultivar susceptible BRSGO Luziânia, BRSGO Ipameri, resistant to H. glycines, the number of viable cysts was lower when applied herbicides clorimuron+lactofen or haloxyfop, compared the application of clorimuron. The herbicides had no effect on the number of females in susceptible and resistant cultivars in the year 2009/10. In cultivar susceptible BRSGO 8360, the herbicide haloxifop led to a smaller number of females, in comparison with clorimuron, 45 days after sowing. The herbicide lactofen, in the cultivar BRSGO Chapadões (resistant) was associated with increase in the number of viable cysts 45 days after sowing. This herbicide affects negatively the biomass of leaves, fresh green beans and dry bean in the cultivars BRSGO Chapadões and BRSGO 8360.Item Irrigação em plantas jovens de mogno africano (Khaya ivorensis) no cerrado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-05) Barbosa, Luis Henrique Antunes; Evangelista , Adao Wagner Pego; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5171893735359718; Alves Junior, Jose; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3418524049655817; Alves Junior, Jose; Evangelista, Adao Wagner Pego; Vallame, Lucas Melo; Lopes, Adriano da SilvaBrazil, has been feeling from a lack of technical guidance and ecological awareness in the exploitation of forest resources to meet the furniture industry, which has caused irreparable harm to species of great ecological value. The African mahogany source countries of the west coast of the African continent is one such tree species being used in commercial plantations, due to its high commercial value, the quality of the wood, its high yield potential and good adaptation to Brazilian climatic conditions. However, little is known about its water and a nutritional need which hinders adequate technical recommendation for this crop in the Cerrado region whose water deficit and the low fertility soils are very characteristic. Thus this study had the objective: evaluate plant growth in the first two years cultivation, irrigation and drip irrigation under different managements and topdressing. The research consisted of field experiments with plants of African Mahogany (Khaya ivorensis) spaced 5 x 5 m, experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RBD) with three blocks in split plots. For drip irrigated treatments were used 1, 2 and 3 emitters per plant with flow rates of 2 L.h-1, 4 L.h- 1 and 8 L.h-1, and irrigated treatments, microsprinkler, using 1 emitter for every 2 plants with different flow rates: 20, 30, 35, 40, 50, 58, 70 and 90 L.h-1, and no irrigation. For the following plots of fertilization doses were used 83.5 e 42.0; 167.0 e 83.5; 250.0 e 125.0; 333.5 e 167.0; 416.6 e 208.5 g.plant-1 of NH4SO4 and KCl, installments bimonthly in 5 applications from 4th to 12th month of planting.Item Caracterização de produtos e subprodutos de pinhão manso submetido à irrigação e adubação potássica(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-07-22) Barbosa, Ricardo Alexandre Florentino; Evangelista, Adão Wagner Pêgo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5171893735359718; Evangelista, Adão Wagner Pêgo; Alves Junior, José; Flores, Rilner AlvesJatropha is an oilseed with high potential for biodiesel and biofuel production, but there are few studies addressing its water needs and nutritional demands. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of potassium fertilization and irrigation on the yield and composition of the oil of jatropha seeds. The treatments consisted of four doses of potassium fertilization: 40 kg ha-1 of K2O, 80 kg ha-1 of K2O, 120 kg ha -1 of K2O, 120 kg ha-1 of K2O, 120 kg ha-1 of K2O, 120 Kg ha-1 of K2O and 160 kg ha-1 of K2O, and four irrigation slides: 0% of evaporation of the Class A tank (ECA); 40% of the RCT, 80% of the RCT; And 120% of RCT. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with subdivided plots with 4 replicates. For extraction of the oil of seeds was used the chemical method via Soxhlet and to obtain the composition of oil was used the gas chromatography. The treatments of fertilization and irrigation promoted an increase in the yield and quality of the oil of jatropha seeds. Plants fertilized with 120 kg ha-1 of K2O and irrigated with the irrigation blade of 80% of ECA obtain the best results.Item Caracterização genética de populações naturais de Palicourea coriacea (Cham) K. Schum utilizando marcadores moleculares(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2006-08-24) BARBOSA, Taryana Coelho Sales; SIBOV, Sérgio Tadeu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4627553641870284The Species Palicourea coriacea (Cham) K,Shum is a species little know, it is belonging to the Rubiaceae family, popularly known as douradinha. The popular use medicine in the therapy of kidneys illnesses. The popular name douradinha is associated with the color of the bracts and of the stem and the species occurs in Cerrado s Bioma, however in different environments. Studies about the genetic diversity and its distribution in natural populations of P. coriacea are of extreme importance for the definition of adequate strategies of handling and cultivation, however they do not exist in literature, studies of this nature. This work had as objective to evaluate the genetic structure from nine natural populations of P. coriacea, collected in States of Goiás and Bahia and to evaluate the genetic diversity of these populations through markers RAPD. The P. coriacea species presented one high level of genetic diversity, or heterozygosity waited by Nei (1972) that it varied between 0,259 and 0,338 in the populations, with equal on average value the 0,296. The AMOVA disclosed that 23% of the total variability is meeting each other between populations. Although the estimates of apparent gene flow (Nm) have disclosed values inferior to one, on the other hand, equal the 0,83. The analyses of Bayesian Statistics had disclosed to a value of f (FIS) equal the 0,98 suggesting the possibility of this species has behavior like autogamous species. The analyses of grouping of the populations using Bayesian and AMOVA statistics disclosed that it does not exist a correlation between geographic distance and genetic distance all the nine populations they grouping, eventually, not obeying its geographic origin. Then, the hypothesis previously formulated of that geographically next populations would be genetic next, was discarded for the results gotten for the Mantel test where it got a correlation of 0,155. In addition, this relatively high inter populations differentiation allows to recommend to a strategy ex situ of the genetic variability using the biggest possible number of populations. In what, the conservation says respect in situ must be taken in account characteristic genetic and demographic of this species considering that this fact implies in the possibility of a continuous evolution and in the development of new adaptable strategies. It is necessary to have conscience on the distribution of the genetic diversity of these areas with intention to not only promote polities for preservation of found natural populations in national parks, but yes to private preservation of the legal reserves and properties.Item Escarificação e gessagem na descompactação do solo sob sistema plantio direto(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-02-21) Barros, Leonardo Rodrigues; Correchel, Vladia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4781536691286837; Correchel, Vladia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4781536691286837; Ribon, Adriana Aparecida; Leandro, Wilson MozenaIn areas under no-tillage system in Brazil’s Cerrado, compaction is becoming increasingly frequent. It is noticeable because there are changes in soil physical properties and in the root system as well as reduction in crop yields. The practices of scarification and gypsum application are alternatives to mitigate compaction. In this sense, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects and length of scarification and gypsum application on soil physical and chemical properties and on soybean yield under a no-tillage system deployed 15 years ago. The study was divided into two steps. The first step consisted of the diagnosis of soil compaction in an area of 315 ha divided into a 63-point sampling grid, where each point represented five hectares in Joviânia, GO. In this area, moisture samples were collected and a penetrometer was used at each point of the mesh, in the 0.0-0.20 m and 0.20-0.40 m layers, in three periods: 1) prior to the scarification; 2) at 60 days after soil scarification; and 3) at 390 days after scarification. Based on the results found in the first step, one of the points of this area was selected to perform the second step of the work, which consisted in setting up 24 plots, divided into six randomized blocks, composed of four treatments: (C) = Control, (S) = Scarification, (G) = Gypsum application, (G+S) = Gypsum application and scarification. The following properties were determined: soil fertility (MOS, pH, H+Al, P, K, Ca and Mg), gravimetric moisture and physical indicators in four soil layers, in addition to soybean yield. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and when they were significant, Dunnet’s test was applied for comparison of treatments at the level of probability of 5% of error (p<0.05). These results show that scarification offered short-lasting benefits, because although there was a reduction in resistance to penetration at 60 days after scarification, these values already showed a significant increase in resistance to penetration at 390 days after scarification. Scarification affected macroporosity and total porosity positively in the 0-0,10 m layer. Macroporosity is a physical indicator of great influence in determining soybean yield under a no-tillage system. The use of agricultural gypsum resulted in increased root volume and deeper root systems.Item Seleção de plantas precoces, caracterização fenológica, biométrica e fitopatológica de caju arbóreo do Cerrado (Anacardium othonianum Rizz.)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-27) Belo, Ana Paula Marquez; Naves, Ronaldo Veloso; Cunha, Marcos Gomes da; Souza, Eli Regina Barboza de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7641431808466123; Souza, Eli Regina Barboza de; Silva, Luciana Borges e; Vera, RosângelaThe objective of this work is to study the phenological development of the arboreal cashew fruit from Cerrado (Anacardium othonianum Rizz) to collect biometrics data related to the growth of cashew trees, selecting early plants, both analyse the progress of the antracnosis disease (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) and the severity caused in the plants, with the intention of contributing to the domestication of the species, in order that the extrativism can be avoided and to preserve it into its natural habitat. The initial material of this research is present in an specific area in where there are exclusively plants from arborous cashew fruit, that belong to a germoplasm collection in the area of the Agronomy School of the Federal University of Goiás - EA/UFG, in Goiânia, GO, in the geographical coordinates 16º35'12” of South latitude, 49º21'14” of longitude the West of Greenwich, and 730 m of altitude, which the cultivation was carried out in January of 2011, totalizing 546 plants originating from 182 plants-mothers. There were monthly obtained results related to the total height, and to the stem circumference to 10,0 cm of height of all the plants. The meteorological data was obtained in the Evaporimetric Station of First Class in operation at EA/UFG. The phenophasis were studied of foliage, blooming and fructification of A othonianum, in the period between March of 2012 to September of 2013, and the observations are done monthly. The evaluations referring to the antracnosis were also done monthly, based on a notes scale of the disease severity, in 65 cashew trees selected in the experimental area. The plants, with 32 months after being planted, presented height varying from 4,0 cm to 380,0 cm and diameter of 1,5 mm stem to 94 mm. The leaves emission showed up with intensity in the months of March, April and May. The blooming did not present correlation with any connected climatic data, and had its peak in June. Only three plants had fruits during the study period. Progenies from UFG and from the city of São Miguel do Passa Quatro region showed precociousness and fruits production, being able to be indicated for a future genetic improvement. The antracnosis manifested itself in several levels along the study period, demonstrating it hardest in the months of February, March and April. The phenofasis of new leaves emission and flowers contribute significantly to the disease progress.Item Efeito do estresse hídrico no metabolismo de gabirobeira(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-03-21) Belo, Emiliane dos Santos; Silva, Samuel Mariano da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4333570201713380; Neto, Antônio Paulino da Costa; Neto, Antônio Paulino da Costa; Assunção, Hildeu Ferreira da; Paiva, RenatoAs respostas das plantas ao déficit hídrico são complexas, envolvendo mudanças adaptativas e/ou efeitos deletérios. Os danos causados por estresses às plantas podem ser reversíveis ou irreversíveis. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a tolerância da gabirobeira (Campomanesia spp) ao estresse hídrico e hipoxia de raízes durante 18 dias. Avaliou-se o conteúdo de matéria fresca, seca, água, AST, sacarose, amido, proteínas bruta, insolúvel, solúvel e aminoácidos de folhas e raízes, além dos parâmetros de crescimento como TCR, TCA, TAL, diâmetro do colo, comprimento e área de raízes. As gabirobeiras sob estresse hídrico apresentaram redução no conteúdo de água, prejuízos na produção de biomassa de folhas e raízes, redução no conteúdo de AST, amido e no conteúdo de aminoácidos. Sob hipoxia, exibiram prejuízos na alocação de fotossintatos da parte aérea para as raízes, e por isso armazenam grandes quantidades de amido, os maiores prejuízos ocorreram em raízes. As estratégias de sobrevivência ao estresse hídrico incluem a remobilização de carboidratos solúveis e de reserva da parte aérea para as raízes permitindo assim que as gabirobeiras escapassem da seca. Sob hipoxia o potencial hídrico das folhas foi sustentado com carboidratos solúveis oriundos da remobilização do amido, provavelmente também houve síntese e degradação de polipeptídeos e enzimas em raízes devido a mudança do metabolismo aeróbio para anaeróbio.Item Efeitos da aplicação de glifosato na química de solos alagados(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-09-10) BELTRÃO, Danielle Silva; FERNANDES, Eliana Paula; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7324619074753727; CAMPOS, Alfredo Borges de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3249635044992714This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the herbicide glyphosate in the chemistry of the flooded soils in two humid tropical areas included in the Brazilian savanna, observing these effects in the solid fraction and the soil solution. We used soil from an area of lowland irrigated rice cultivation and a preserved area of path, constituting, respectively, a disturbed area under agriculture and a preserved area with natural vegetation. The soils were subjected to varying periods of saturation, and applying different doses of glyphosate. The treatments were: a) Dosage: Dose 0, dose 1 (1.6 mg L-1), Dose 2 (16.0 mg L-1), Dose 3 (1600.0 mg L-1) and b) periods of saturation solutions: 1, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days. The soils were previously saturated with solutions of glyphosate prepared with distilled and deionized water, and only distilled and deionized water to dose 0, for 2 hours. After that time the volume was completed with distilled deionized and deoxygenated water. At the end of each period of saturation of soil redox potential was determined in intact experimental units, as well as the pH of the solutions after separation by centrifugation. Proceeded to freezing at - 20 ° C of the soils and soil solutions for chemical analysis and a fraction of the solutions was wrapped and refrigerated at 4 º C for later, perform the analysis of dissolved organic matter. The freezing and cooling were performed to inhibit the biological activity in the degradation of glyphosate and organic matter according to the literature. Before the analysis of the solutions we proceeded to filter membrane syringe filter to 0.45 mm in PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), 33 mm in diameter. Chemical analysis of soil were taken for determination of pH 0.01 M CaCl2, micronutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn), P, K, available Ca and Mg, Al, H + Al and organic matter. Chemical analysis of the solutions were limited to the determinations of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, K, Ca, Mg and Al and was carried out to determine the E4/E6 ratio for the humification of DOM in UV-Vis spectrometer. The different effects of glyphosate were used as the ground, showing the influence of soil characteristics and attributes in the interaction with the herbicide. The solid fraction in the analysis highlighted the effects of doses 2 and 3 in lowland soil and dose 3 in solo path. Glyphosate conferred resistance to the reduction of metals in soil and floodplain had the highest effect on the availability Eh redox sensitive elements as Fe and Mn. In the path the herbicide soil favored the reduction of metals from soil and has provided these elements. In soil solution, for the more concentrated doses, there was decreased solubilization of Fe and Mn and other elements, and affect differently the organic matter in soils, occurring in the path of higher aliphatic DOM, ie, less degradation of biological effect of dose 3. The two three doses of glyphosate and, occasionally, the first dose, influenced the chemistry of the lowland soil. The dose 3 showed more significant effects on the soil of trail. The effects of doses 1 and 2, corresponding to the doses used in the field, are highlighted as important outcomes of this study.